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Currently, ocean plastic pollution has a big impact on both marine and human health. Thanks to the diversity in renewable energies on boats, diverse de-pollution energy-neutral solutions are envisaged. The aim of this work is to evaluate the relevance of installing horizontal axis wind turbines HAWT on a vessel, with a specific study on the SeaVax, a collecting plastic vessel. Indirectly, this objective also intends to provide the SeaVax company with additional information to the work already carried out. To that end, the vessel’s energy consumption is assessed for three sectors : propulsion, plastic management and navigation. Moreover, the total daily energy production is evaluated for four scenarios associated to two locations and two time-frames. The overall energy production is divided in two sources : photovoltaic panels (PVs) and wind turbine(s) system. All computations are completed using Excel software and data available in the literature. Based on the estimated energy production of both sources, 26 models of two wind system designs are studied, one with a fixed wind turbine and the other with two moveable wind turbines. By applying constraints to these models, the most suitable model for the SeaVax is selected. Despite a potential overestimation of 30 % for the energy consumption relative to the propulsion and the lack of information for the navigation, the evaluated energy requirements provided the company with useful and interesting details about the distribution of the energy consumption in different sectors. The evaluation of the overall production of the vessel made it possible to highlight the disparities between the studied scenarios. Moreover, the capacity factors of the solar panels confirm the relevance of their installation. By contrast, although adapted to the SeaVax, none of the HAWT study designs is assumed as relevant. With regard to the exploitation of wind and solar potentials, the route taken by the SeaVax vessel represents an interesting approach to be developed under the assumption that for an additional 11 m² of PVs only one studied scenario wouldn’t produce enough to meet the energy demand. Finally, it appears that HAWT are not suitable for vessel energy production. Both in terms of production and propulsion, other tracks are to be exploited with a certain compatibility with photovoltaic panels.
Cleaning oceans --- Renewable energies --- Zero-carbon ships --- Photovoltaic panels --- Wind turbines --- Plastic pollution --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Energie
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This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.
Environmental management --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- Environmental medicine --- Climate change --- biomonitoring of plastic particles --- exotoxicology of plastic pollution --- plastic debris --- microplastics --- nanoplastics --- environmental health --- wastewater management --- open access
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Experts from across academic disciplines discuss how plastics are produced, consumed, and discarded and demonstrate the urgent need for legislative frameworks that attend to the complex social and ecological nature of the crisis.
Plastic scrap. --- Plastic scrap --- Environmental aspects. --- Social aspects. --- animals eating plastic. --- climate change. --- disposable plastics. --- ecological activism. --- erosion. --- ethical consumption. --- facts about plastic pollution. --- ocean garbage patch. --- pacific garbage patch. --- plastic chemicals. --- plastic pollution in the ocean. --- plastic straws. --- plastic toxins. --- plastisphere. --- pollution. --- water bottles.
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An argument that social, political, and economic systems maintain power by discarding certain people, places, and things. Discard studies is an emerging field that looks at waste and wasting broadly construed. Rather than focusing on waste and trash as the primary objects of study, discard studies looks at wider systems of waste and wasting to explore how some materials, practices, regions, and people are valued or devalued, becoming dominant or disposable. In this book, Max Liboiron and Josh Lepawsky argue that social, political, and economic systems maintain power by discarding certain people, places, and things. They show how the theories and methods of discard studies can be applied in a variety of cases, many of which do not involve waste, trash, or pollution. Liboiron and Lepawsky consider the partiality of knowledge and offer a theory of scale, exploring the myth that most waste is municipal solid waste produced by consumers; discuss peripheries, centers, and power, using content moderation as an example of how dominant systems find ways to discard; and use theories of difference to show that universalism, stereotypes, and inclusion all have politics of discard and even purification--as exemplified in "inclusive" efforts to broaden the Black Lives Matter movement. Finally, they develop a theory of change by considering "wasting well," outlining techniques, methods, and propositions for a justice-oriented discard studies that keeps power in view.
Environmental policy & protocols --- Hazardous waste treatment & disposal --- Environmental monitoring --- Waste --- pollution --- trash --- garbage --- sustainability --- environmental studies --- power --- infrastructure --- green activism --- plastic pollution --- solid waste --- environmental justice --- Refuse and refuse disposal. --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Political aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Discarded materials --- Disposal of refuse --- Garbage --- Household waste --- Household wastes --- Rubbish --- Solid waste management --- Trash --- Waste disposal --- Waste management --- Wastes, Household --- Sanitation --- Factory and trade waste --- Pollution --- Pollution control industry --- Salvage (Waste, etc.) --- Street cleaning --- Waste products --- Environmental aspects
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Plastic (and microplastic) pollution has been described as one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time, and a hallmark of the human-driven epoch known as the Anthropocene. It has gained the attention of the general public, governments, and environmental scientists worldwide. To date, the main focus has been on plastics in the marine environment, but interest in the presence and effects of plastics in freshwaters has increased in the recent years. The occurrence of plastics within inland lakes and rivers, as well as their biota, has been demonstrated. Experiments with freshwater organisms have started to explore the direct and indirect effects resulting from plastic exposure. There is a clear need for further research, and a dedicated space for its dissemination. This book is devoted to highlighting current research from around the world on the prevalence, fate, and effects of plastic in freshwater environments.
Research & information: general --- plastics --- plastic debris --- African great lakes --- freshwater --- beach clean-up --- citizen science --- microplastic --- Enchytraeus crypticus --- enchytraeids --- avoidance test --- toxicity --- oxidative stress --- catalase --- glutathione S-transferase --- polyethylene --- Tubifex tubifex --- aquatic oligochetes --- mortality --- glutathione reductase --- peroxidase --- microplastic exposure --- freshwater environments --- microplastics --- Africa --- ingestion --- Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) --- catfish (Bagrus Bajad) --- fibers --- ATR-FTIR spectroscopy --- plastic pollution --- oysters --- Mississippi Sound --- fluorescence microscopy --- laser direct infrared analysis --- LDIR --- bulk water sampling --- Bonnet Carré Spillway --- dysbiosis --- microbiome --- Murntuluk / Catfish (Central NT, North NT SE52-03)
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Plastic (and microplastic) pollution has been described as one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time, and a hallmark of the human-driven epoch known as the Anthropocene. It has gained the attention of the general public, governments, and environmental scientists worldwide. To date, the main focus has been on plastics in the marine environment, but interest in the presence and effects of plastics in freshwaters has increased in the recent years. The occurrence of plastics within inland lakes and rivers, as well as their biota, has been demonstrated. Experiments with freshwater organisms have started to explore the direct and indirect effects resulting from plastic exposure. There is a clear need for further research, and a dedicated space for its dissemination. This book is devoted to highlighting current research from around the world on the prevalence, fate, and effects of plastic in freshwater environments.
Research & information: general --- plastics --- plastic debris --- African great lakes --- freshwater --- beach clean-up --- citizen science --- microplastic --- Enchytraeus crypticus --- enchytraeids --- avoidance test --- toxicity --- oxidative stress --- catalase --- glutathione S-transferase --- polyethylene --- Tubifex tubifex --- aquatic oligochetes --- mortality --- glutathione reductase --- peroxidase --- microplastic exposure --- freshwater environments --- microplastics --- Africa --- ingestion --- Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) --- catfish (Bagrus Bajad) --- fibers --- ATR-FTIR spectroscopy --- plastic pollution --- oysters --- Mississippi Sound --- fluorescence microscopy --- laser direct infrared analysis --- LDIR --- bulk water sampling --- Bonnet Carré Spillway --- dysbiosis --- microbiome --- n/a --- Bonnet Carré Spillway --- Murntuluk / Catfish (Central NT, North NT SE52-03)
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Plastic (and microplastic) pollution has been described as one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time, and a hallmark of the human-driven epoch known as the Anthropocene. It has gained the attention of the general public, governments, and environmental scientists worldwide. To date, the main focus has been on plastics in the marine environment, but interest in the presence and effects of plastics in freshwaters has increased in the recent years. The occurrence of plastics within inland lakes and rivers, as well as their biota, has been demonstrated. Experiments with freshwater organisms have started to explore the direct and indirect effects resulting from plastic exposure. There is a clear need for further research, and a dedicated space for its dissemination. This book is devoted to highlighting current research from around the world on the prevalence, fate, and effects of plastic in freshwater environments.
plastics --- plastic debris --- African great lakes --- freshwater --- beach clean-up --- citizen science --- microplastic --- Enchytraeus crypticus --- enchytraeids --- avoidance test --- toxicity --- oxidative stress --- catalase --- glutathione S-transferase --- polyethylene --- Tubifex tubifex --- aquatic oligochetes --- mortality --- glutathione reductase --- peroxidase --- microplastic exposure --- freshwater environments --- microplastics --- Africa --- ingestion --- Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) --- catfish (Bagrus Bajad) --- fibers --- ATR-FTIR spectroscopy --- plastic pollution --- oysters --- Mississippi Sound --- fluorescence microscopy --- laser direct infrared analysis --- LDIR --- bulk water sampling --- Bonnet Carré Spillway --- dysbiosis --- microbiome --- n/a --- Bonnet Carré Spillway --- Murntuluk / Catfish (Central NT, North NT SE52-03)
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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This volume focuses on microscopic plastic debris, also referred to as microplastics, which have been detected in aquatic environments around the globe and have accordingly raised serious concerns. The book explores whether microplastics represent emerging contaminants in freshwater systems, an area that remains underrepresented to date. Given the complexity of the issue, the book covers the current state-of-research on microplastics in rivers and lakes, including analytical aspects, environmental concentrations and sources, modelling approaches, interactions with biota, and ecological implications. To provide a broader perspective, the book also discusses lessons learned from nanomaterials and the implications of plastic debris for regulation, politics, economy, and society. In a research field that is rapidly evolving, it offers a solid overview for environmental chemists, engineers, and toxicologists, as well as water managers and policy-makers.
Environment. --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Analytical chemistry. --- Geochemistry. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Marine sciences. --- Freshwater. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Marine & Freshwater Sciences. --- Fresh waters --- Freshwater --- Freshwaters --- Inland water --- Inland waters --- Water --- Ocean sciences --- Aquatic sciences --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Earth sciences --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytical chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Metallurgical analysis --- Mineralogy, Determinative --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Environmental quality --- Quality --- Composition --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Marine Sciences. --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytic chemistry --- Environmental Chemistry --- Water Quality/Water Pollution --- Geochemistry --- Analytical Chemistry --- Marine & Freshwater Sciences --- Emerging contaminants --- Plastic pollution --- Microplastic pollution --- Microplastic-associated biofilms --- Plastic contamination --- Open access --- Pollution & threats to the environment --- Water supply & treatment --- Limnology (inland waters) --- Water. --- Hydrology. --- Hydrography --- Hydrology
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"We all recognize that climate change is a supremely important issue of our time, which requires both trans-national and trans-generational collaboration and shared responsibility. What we haven't yet fully appreciated, argues political philosopher Henry Shue, are the ethical considerations surrounding the fact that the next one or two decades will determine whether climate change, which already has led us to dangerous effects, will surge into inescapably disastrous effects. The people alive today thus represent a pivotal generation in human history. For the past two centuries humans have undermined our climate at an increasing rate, in ways that the present generations are the first to fully understand, and the last to be able to reverse. But our responsibility for decisive and immediate action rests on three special features of the relation of our present to the future, that many have failed to realize (1) future generations face dangers greater than ours even if we act robustly, (2) the worsening dangers for future generations are currently without limit, and (3) a less robust effort by us is likely to allow climate change to pass critical tipping points for severely worse and potentially unavoidable future dangers. Shue, a renowned scholar of ethics, politics and international relations who has been studying the ethics of climate change for the last two decades, guides us through what our ethical responsibilities to others are, both across the world but especially over time, and what those commitments require us to do in addressing the climate change crisis, now and forcefully"--
Climate change mitigation --- Environmental policy - United States --- Environmental ethics --- Climatic changes - Forecasting --- Climate change mitigation. --- Climate mitigation --- Climatic changes --- Climatic mitigation --- Mitigation of climate change --- Environmental protection --- Mitigation --- Acid rain. --- Alternative energy. --- American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. --- Analogy. --- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. --- BNP Paribas. --- Bank. --- Behalf. --- Biofuel. --- Bribery. --- Business plan. --- Carbon Energy. --- Carbon capture and storage. --- Chesapeake Energy. --- China Construction Bank. --- Climate change. --- Climate risk. --- Climate. --- Combustion. --- Competitiveness. --- Contempt. --- Core business. --- Criticism. --- Customer. --- Deep sea. --- Deforestation. --- Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. --- Economic cost. --- Economy and Society. --- Electricity generation. --- Energy development. --- Environmental impact of the coal industry. --- Ethane (data page). --- Every Nation. --- Externality. --- Filing (legal). --- Filing (metalworking). --- Financial Regulator. --- Fossil fuel. --- Frustration. --- Future generation. --- Geological formation. --- Global warming. --- Government. --- Gradualism. --- Grandparent. --- Greenhouse gas. --- Greenland ice sheet. --- Heat flux. --- Hedge fund. --- High-voltage direct current. --- Incentive. --- Infrastructure. --- Intermittency. --- International Energy Agency. --- Low-carbon economy. --- Market mechanism. --- Melting. --- Methane. --- Misinformation. --- National wealth. --- Natural gas. --- Norm (social). --- Occidental Petroleum. --- Occupational safety and health. --- Oil well. --- Ownership (psychology). --- Payment. --- Petroleum industry. --- Pipeline transport. --- Plastic pollution. --- Plastic. --- Political corruption. --- Pollution. --- Positive feedback. --- Requirement. --- Responsiveness. --- Saudi Arabia. --- Saving. --- Scale In. --- Scientist. --- Sea level rise. --- Sea level. --- Shorthand. --- Social disruption. --- Sociotechnical system. --- Soil. --- Sovereign state. --- Standard of living. --- Suggestion. --- Technology. --- Too big to fail. --- Useful Life. --- Vegetation. --- Water supply. --- Wealth. --- Window function. --- World economy. --- Year. --- ethylene. --- Environmental policy --- Environmental ethics. --- Forecasting.
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In the last decade, issues related to pollution from microplastics in all environmental compartments and the associated health and environmental risks have been the focus of intense social, media, and political attention worldwide. The assessment, quantification, and study of the degradation processes of plastic debris in the ecosystem and its interaction with biota have been and are still the focus of intense multidisciplinary research. Plastic particles in the range from 1 to 5 mm and those in the sub-micrometer range are commonly denoted as microplastics and nanoplastics, respectively. Microplastics (MPs) are being recognized as nearly ubiquitous pollutants in water bodies, but their actual concentration, distribution, and effects on natural waters, sediments, and biota are still largely unknown. Contamination by microplastics of agricultural soil and other environmental areas is also becoming a matter of concern. Sampling, separation, detection, characterization and evaluating the degradation pathways of micro- and nano-plastic pollutants dispersed in the environment is a challenging and critical goal to understand their distribution, fate, and the related hazards for ecosystems. Given the interest in this topic, this Special Issue, entitled “Microplastics Degradation and Characterization”, is concerned with the latest developments in the study of microplastics.
Mathematics & science --- Chemistry --- Quantum & theoretical chemistry --- PEEK --- SIRM --- damage mechanisms --- GISAXS --- irradiation --- micro and nanoplastics --- freshwater --- sludge --- optical detection --- portable devices --- in situ detection --- microplastics --- marine sediment --- pet --- nylon 6 --- nylon 6,6 --- reversed-phase HPLC --- polyolefin --- polystyrene --- Pyr-GC/MS --- polymer degradation --- microparticles --- PLA --- PBS --- enzymes --- specificity --- thermal profile --- activation energy --- wastewater --- Raman spectroscopy --- laser speckle pattern --- transmittance --- sedimentation --- HDPE --- microbeads --- photocatalysis --- scavengers --- C,N-TiO2 --- remediation --- nanotechnology --- plastic pollution --- visible light photodegradation --- microplastic --- ratiometric detection --- no-wash fluorescent probe --- imaging --- one-pot reaction --- water remediation --- nanoplastic --- artificial ageing --- polyolefins --- polyethylene terephthalate --- microplastic fiber --- washing textile --- drying textile --- polyester yarn types --- microplastic extraction --- oil extraction --- density separation --- GC–MS --- mass spectrometry identification --- plastic polymers --- polyethylene --- terrestrial --- soil --- polymers --- geotechnics --- landfills --- geosynthetics --- GCL --- clay liner --- hydraulic conductivity --- plastics --- anthropogenic activities --- quantification --- marine --- multi-parametric platform --- bioplastics --- marine environment --- spectroscopy --- resin pellets --- nanoplastics --- microplastic detection and identification --- microplastic quantification --- food packaging --- particle release --- plastic consumption --- ecotoxicity assessment --- size influence --- concentration influence --- microplastic pellets --- weathering --- degradation --- Yellowness Index --- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy --- persistent organic pollutants --- oxidative digestion --- Fenton’s reagent --- virgin --- aged --- SEM --- FTIR --- PAHs --- surface water --- chemical composition --- Ho Chi Minh City --- cement mortars --- municipal incinerated bottom ash --- PET pellets --- hydrogel --- potassium and sodium polyacrylate --- swelling --- physicochemical changes in the water --- polymeric nanoparticles --- Portugal --- resin --- pharmaceutical --- PVC --- paint --- wastewater treatment plant --- South China Sea --- pollution --- Py-GC/MS --- fragmentation and degradation --- mechanism
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