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This contributed volume covers a comprehensive account of the sources, toxic biological as well as environmental impacts, and possible remediation strategies for contamination by heavy metals. In biological systems, toxic metals affect the integrity of cellular organelles and act as carcinogens causing chromosomal aberrations or as systemic toxicants leading to cardiovascular, neurobehavioral, and immunological disorders. In plants, they interfere with photosynthesis, fertility, metabolite, and chlorophyll synthesis. Toxicity induced by heavy metals involves mechanistic approaches that need to be understood properly. They cannot be degraded by biological or chemical means and thus can only be converted to less harmful forms. The conventional detection methods include biosensors, voltammetry, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma with atomic emission spectrometry. All such strategies for metal detection and mitigation strategies are covered in this title under one section. This book incorporates classical views along with modern scientific approaches to develop an understanding of the subject matter suitable for academicians, researchers, planners, policymakers, NGOs, and environmental consultancies and raise awareness on this concern. Topics representing diverse sections namely environmental impacts, biological effects, and methods used for detection and remediation have been included to address all possible contemporary issues on the topic in one concise volume.

Plant physiology. --- Stress (Physiology). --- Plants. --- Ecology. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Stress Responses. --- Heavy metals --- Environmental aspects. --- Toxicology.

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Facing stressful conditions imposed by their environment and affecting their growth and their development throughout their life cycle, plants must be able to perceive, to process and to translate different stimuli into adaptive responses. Understanding the organism-coordinated responses involves a fine description of the mechanisms occurring at the cellular and molecular level. A major challenge is also to understand how the large diversity of molecules identified as signals, sensors or effectors could drive a cell to the appropriate plant response and to finally cope with various environmental cues. In this Research Topic we aim to provide an overview of various signaling mechanisms or to present new molecular signals involved in stress response and to demonstrate how basic/fundamental research on cell signaling will help to understand stress responses at the whole plant level.

cell signalling --- biotic stress --- Stress Tolerance --- adaptation --- Plant Stress --- abiotic stress --- phytohormone

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This edited volume focuses on the study of stress in plants and how it can be effectively managed. With the growing global population, the importance of crop yield and stress management has become a critical issue, and this book offers solutions to these challenges. The book explores the impact of abiotic and biotic stressors on plant growth and development, including drought, salinity, temperature stress, pests, and diseases. It also examines the role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in developing stress-tolerant plants. It offers insights on the latest research and advancements in plant breeding, genomics, and proteomics, which are essential in developing crops that can withstand harsh environmental conditions. It offers solutions for managing these challenges, including genetic engineering, proteomics, and genomics. The book provides a detailed overview of the latest research and advancements in plant stress management and offers practical advice on how to apply these findings in real-world scenarios. It explores the impact of climate change on agricultural production and provides insights on how to develop stress-tolerant crops that can withstand changing environmental conditions. With its comprehensive coverage of the latest research and practical insights, the book is an invaluable guide for students, researchers, and professionals looking to develop sustainable agricultural practices and ensure food security for future generations.

Stress (Physiology). --- Plants. --- Plant molecular biology. --- Plant Stress Responses. --- Plant Signalling. --- Plant Molecular Biology.

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Salinity is one of the major environmental constraints that affect many regions of the globe, and its rate of expansion is expected to increase. The interest in phytoremediation of salt-rich and contaminated soils and water has been increased in recent years, but several aspects about the plants’ responses to salinity still need to be clarified. Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) and castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) are among the plant species considered for growing in saline environments. This study aims to investigate the responses of guayule and castor to high concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl), and the recovery capacity of castor plants. To meet these purposes, hydroponically grown guayule and castor plants were exposed to increasing NaCl concentrations. Growth parameters (morphological determinations and biomass production), physiological parameters (chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchanges and photosynthetic pigments) and chemical analyses (sodium and mineral nutrient tissue-contents) were evaluated. The typical symptoms of salt-stress were observed in the two species, with differences in their responses to osmotic and ionic-specific stress components. Variations in growth and physiological parameters indicate that guayule and castor showed symptoms of ionic stress when exposed to concentrations of NaCl around 15 g L-1 and 10 g L-1 respectively. Guayule and castor did not survive at hypersaline conditions (above 35 g L-1 NaCl), but they survived at high saline conditions (above 5 g L-1 NaCl), indicating that the two species are suitable to be grown in saline soils and wetlands.

Phytoremediation --- Plant stress --- Salinity --- Sodium --- Salt torelance --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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This edited book covers all aspects of non-coding RNAs analysis. Non-coding RNAs are critical genetic regulators that have evolved as game-changers in modifying plant responses to stress conditions. The book explores potential relationships between different classes of non-coding RNAs and response of plants tobiotic and abiotic stresses. The chapters are organized into three sections. Section 1 provides a basic understanding of the various aspects and roles of RNA silencing. Section 2 includes an overview of the molecular techniques and computational methodologies used foridentification and analysis of small RNAs. Discovery timelines are also provided to highlight the significance of next-generation sequencing over time. Section 3 of the book covers the applications of RNAi techniques to improve crops and develop stress-tolerant varieties. This book compiles all available data and computational approaches to analyze non-coding RNAs. It describes the general characteristics, categorization, functional analysis, and advancements in RNAi and its role in developing stress-resilient plants. This book is helpful for students and researchers to understand the role of non-coding RNAs, which opens new insights into next-generation sequencing. It serves as excellent reading material for undergraduate and graduate students studying molecular biology, bioinformatics, agriculture, and environmental sciences.

Plant genetics. --- Plant physiology. --- Stress (Physiology). --- Plants. --- Plant Genetics. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Stress Responses. --- Stress (Physiology)