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Energy crises and global warming pose serious challenges to researchers in their attempt to develop a sustainable society for the future. Solar energy conversion is a remarkable, clean, and sustainable way to nullify the effects of fossil fuels. The findings of photocatalytic hydrogen production (PCHP) by Fujishima and Honda propose that “water will be the coal for the future”. Hydrogen is a carbon-free clean fuel with a high specific energy of combustion. Titanium oxide (TiO2), graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) are three pillars of water splitting photocatalysts owing to their superior electronic and optical properties. Tremendous research efforts have been made in recent years to fabricate visible or solar-light, active photocatalysts. The significant features of various oxide, sulfide, and carbon based photocatalysts for cost-effective hydrogen production are presented in this Special Issue. The insights of sacrificial agents on the hydrogen production efficiency of catalysts are also presented in this issue.

Technology: general issues --- photocatalysis --- H2 generation --- water splitting --- solar energy --- hydrogen production --- methanol photo-splitting --- heterojunction --- CuS@CuGaS2 --- electron-hole recombination --- perovskite oxynitride --- band gap --- density-functional theory --- Niobium(V) oxide --- graphitic carbon nitride --- hydrothermal synthesis --- H2 evolution --- heterostructures --- Z-Scheme --- TiO2 --- g-C3N4 --- CdS --- energy --- spherical particle --- disordered surface --- photocatalysts --- MoS2 --- MoSe2 --- photoelectrochemical deposition --- rapid-thermal annealing --- hydrogen evolution --- CO2 reduction --- n/a

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Semiconductor photocatalysts have attracted a great amount of multidiscipline research due to their high potential for solar-to-chemical-energy conversion applications, ranging from water and air purification to hydrogen and chemical fuel production. This unique diversity of photoinduced applications has spurred major research efforts on the rational design and development of photocatalytic materials with tailored structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties in order to promote solar-light harvesting, easy photogenerated electron-hole recombination and the concomitant low quantum efficiency. This book presents a collection of original research articles on advanced photocatalytic materials, synthesized by novel fabrication approaches and/or innovative modifications that improve their performance in target photocatalytic applications such as water (cyanobacterial toxins, antibiotics, phenols, and dyes) and air (NOx and volatile organic compounds) pollutant degradation, hydrogen evolution, and hydrogen peroxide production by photoelectrochemical cells.

Technology: general issues --- anatase --- brookite --- C/N-TiO2 --- microcystin-LR --- photodegradation --- visible light --- TiO2 nanomaterials --- Au nanoparticles --- anodization --- photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics --- LC-MS/MS --- TiO2 --- photonic crystals --- graphene oxide nanocolloids --- reduced graphene oxide --- photocatalysis --- photocatalytic materials --- nanocomposites --- sulfate-modified BiVO4 --- methylene blue --- LED visible light --- photodecomposition --- anatase TiO2 nanocrystals --- high-energy facets --- photocatalytic activity --- photovoltaic performance --- photoactive cement --- TiO2/N --- NOx decomposition --- mechanical properties --- plasmonic photocatalysis --- silver-copper oxide --- VOCs remediation --- full-spectrum photoresponse --- carbon-doped titania --- carbon-modified titania --- graphene/titania --- vis-active photocatalyst --- antibacterial properties --- laser pyrolysis --- hydrogen peroxide --- CdS --- CdSe --- photoelectrocatalysis --- photocatalytic fuel cells --- photo fuel cells --- visible light activated titania --- heterojunction photocatalysts --- photonic crystal catalysts --- graphene-based photocatalysts --- water and air purification --- solar fuels --- anatase --- brookite --- C/N-TiO2 --- microcystin-LR --- photodegradation --- visible light --- TiO2 nanomaterials --- Au nanoparticles --- anodization --- photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics --- LC-MS/MS --- TiO2 --- photonic crystals --- graphene oxide nanocolloids --- reduced graphene oxide --- photocatalysis --- photocatalytic materials --- nanocomposites --- sulfate-modified BiVO4 --- methylene blue --- LED visible light --- photodecomposition --- anatase TiO2 nanocrystals --- high-energy facets --- photocatalytic activity --- photovoltaic performance --- photoactive cement --- TiO2/N --- NOx decomposition --- mechanical properties --- plasmonic photocatalysis --- silver-copper oxide --- VOCs remediation --- full-spectrum photoresponse --- carbon-doped titania --- carbon-modified titania --- graphene/titania --- vis-active photocatalyst --- antibacterial properties --- laser pyrolysis --- hydrogen peroxide --- CdS --- CdSe --- photoelectrocatalysis --- photocatalytic fuel cells --- photo fuel cells --- visible light activated titania --- heterojunction photocatalysts --- photonic crystal catalysts --- graphene-based photocatalysts --- water and air purification --- solar fuels

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Semiconductor photocatalysts have attracted a great amount of multidiscipline research due to their high potential for solar-to-chemical-energy conversion applications, ranging from water and air purification to hydrogen and chemical fuel production. This unique diversity of photoinduced applications has spurred major research efforts on the rational design and development of photocatalytic materials with tailored structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties in order to promote solar-light harvesting, easy photogenerated electron-hole recombination and the concomitant low quantum efficiency. This book presents a collection of original research articles on advanced photocatalytic materials, synthesized by novel fabrication approaches and/or innovative modifications that improve their performance in target photocatalytic applications such as water (cyanobacterial toxins, antibiotics, phenols, and dyes) and air (NOx and volatile organic compounds) pollutant degradation, hydrogen evolution, and hydrogen peroxide production by photoelectrochemical cells.

anatase --- brookite --- C/N-TiO2 --- microcystin-LR --- photodegradation --- visible light --- TiO2 nanomaterials --- Au nanoparticles --- anodization --- photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics --- LC-MS/MS --- TiO2 --- photonic crystals --- graphene oxide nanocolloids --- reduced graphene oxide --- photocatalysis --- photocatalytic materials --- nanocomposites --- sulfate-modified BiVO4 --- methylene blue --- LED visible light --- photodecomposition --- anatase TiO2 nanocrystals --- high-energy facets --- photocatalytic activity --- photovoltaic performance --- photoactive cement --- TiO2/N --- NOx decomposition --- mechanical properties --- plasmonic photocatalysis --- silver-copper oxide --- VOCs remediation --- full-spectrum photoresponse --- carbon-doped titania --- carbon-modified titania --- graphene/titania --- vis-active photocatalyst --- antibacterial properties --- laser pyrolysis --- hydrogen peroxide --- CdS --- CdSe --- photoelectrocatalysis --- photocatalytic fuel cells --- photo fuel cells --- visible light activated titania --- heterojunction photocatalysts --- photonic crystal catalysts --- graphene-based photocatalysts --- water and air purification --- solar fuels

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), also known as two-dimensional anionic clays, as well as the derived materials, including hybrids, nanocomposites, mixed oxides, and supported metals, have been highlighted as outstanding heterogeneous catalysts with unlimited applications in various processes involving both acid–base (addition, alkylation, acylation, decarboxylation, etc.) and redox (oxidation, reduction, dehydrogenation, etc.) mechanisms. This is mainly due to their flexibility in chemical composition, allowing the fine tuning of the nature of the active sites and the control of the balance between them. Additionally, LDHs display a large anion exchange capacity and the possibility to modify their interlayer space, constraining the size and type of reactants entering in the interlamellar space. Furthermore, their easy and economic synthesis, with high levels of purity and efficiency, at both the laboratory and industrial scales, make LDHs and their derived materials excellent solid catalysts. This Special Issue collects original research papers, reviews, and commentaries focused on the catalytic applications of these remarkable materials.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- layered double hydroxides (LDH) --- polyoxometalates (POM) --- catalytic materials --- Michael addition --- cobalt-based LDHs --- ultrasonic irradiation --- synergistic effect --- photocatalysis --- nitrophenol degradation --- Zn,Al-hydrotalcite --- ZnO dispersed on alumina --- reusability --- layered double hydroxide --- LDH --- catalytic oxidation --- ethanol --- toluene --- VOC --- photocatalysts --- Cu electrodes --- diazo dyes --- electrocatalysts --- layer double hydroxides --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- hydrotalcites --- mixed oxides --- aldol condensation --- basic catalysts --- exfoliation --- nanosheets --- oxidation --- layered double hydroxides --- base catalysts --- epoxide --- formaldehyde --- oxidation removal --- BiOCl --- manganese --- biodiesel --- transesterification --- hydrothermal --- nickel --- aluminum --- solid base --- structured catalyst --- ethanol steam reforming --- aluminum lathe waste strips --- Ni nanoparticle --- mechano-chemical/co-precipitation synthesis --- organic alkalis (tetramethylammonium hydroxide) --- memory effect --- Claisen-Schmidt condensation --- self-cyclohexanone condensation --- n/a

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), also known as two-dimensional anionic clays, as well as the derived materials, including hybrids, nanocomposites, mixed oxides, and supported metals, have been highlighted as outstanding heterogeneous catalysts with unlimited applications in various processes involving both acid–base (addition, alkylation, acylation, decarboxylation, etc.) and redox (oxidation, reduction, dehydrogenation, etc.) mechanisms. This is mainly due to their flexibility in chemical composition, allowing the fine tuning of the nature of the active sites and the control of the balance between them. Additionally, LDHs display a large anion exchange capacity and the possibility to modify their interlayer space, constraining the size and type of reactants entering in the interlamellar space. Furthermore, their easy and economic synthesis, with high levels of purity and efficiency, at both the laboratory and industrial scales, make LDHs and their derived materials excellent solid catalysts. This Special Issue collects original research papers, reviews, and commentaries focused on the catalytic applications of these remarkable materials.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- layered double hydroxides (LDH) --- polyoxometalates (POM) --- catalytic materials --- Michael addition --- cobalt-based LDHs --- ultrasonic irradiation --- synergistic effect --- photocatalysis --- nitrophenol degradation --- Zn,Al-hydrotalcite --- ZnO dispersed on alumina --- reusability --- layered double hydroxide --- LDH --- catalytic oxidation --- ethanol --- toluene --- VOC --- photocatalysts --- Cu electrodes --- diazo dyes --- electrocatalysts --- layer double hydroxides --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- hydrotalcites --- mixed oxides --- aldol condensation --- basic catalysts --- exfoliation --- nanosheets --- oxidation --- layered double hydroxides --- base catalysts --- epoxide --- formaldehyde --- oxidation removal --- BiOCl --- manganese --- biodiesel --- transesterification --- hydrothermal --- nickel --- aluminum --- solid base --- structured catalyst --- ethanol steam reforming --- aluminum lathe waste strips --- Ni nanoparticle --- mechano-chemical/co-precipitation synthesis --- organic alkalis (tetramethylammonium hydroxide) --- memory effect --- Claisen-Schmidt condensation --- self-cyclohexanone condensation --- layered double hydroxides (LDH) --- polyoxometalates (POM) --- catalytic materials --- Michael addition --- cobalt-based LDHs --- ultrasonic irradiation --- synergistic effect --- photocatalysis --- nitrophenol degradation --- Zn,Al-hydrotalcite --- ZnO dispersed on alumina --- reusability --- layered double hydroxide --- LDH --- catalytic oxidation --- ethanol --- toluene --- VOC --- photocatalysts --- Cu electrodes --- diazo dyes --- electrocatalysts --- layer double hydroxides --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- hydrotalcites --- mixed oxides --- aldol condensation --- basic catalysts --- exfoliation --- nanosheets --- oxidation --- layered double hydroxides --- base catalysts --- epoxide --- formaldehyde --- oxidation removal --- BiOCl --- manganese --- biodiesel --- transesterification --- hydrothermal --- nickel --- aluminum --- solid base --- structured catalyst --- ethanol steam reforming --- aluminum lathe waste strips --- Ni nanoparticle --- mechano-chemical/co-precipitation synthesis --- organic alkalis (tetramethylammonium hydroxide) --- memory effect --- Claisen-Schmidt condensation --- self-cyclohexanone condensation