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"After the gradual slowing down of the "third wave of democratization," electoral authoritarianism is rapidly emerging as a dominant form of contemporary autocracy. Political parties play a key role within the political and institutional structures of electoral autocracies. Pro-regime parties provide the dictatorial executive with electoral and legislative tools of sustaining power. At the same time, permitted opposition parties, while normally incapable of challenging the regime, are important for regime sustainability because they perform such vital functions as co-opting actual or potential opposition groups, facilitating power-sharing, and mobilizing electoral participation. The interactions among the dominant parties and the permitted opposition parties, if displaying sustainable cross-temporal patterns, constitute authoritarian party systems. Authoritarian Party Systems provides a theoretical discussion of electoral authoritarianism with special reference to authoritarian party systems; a methodological overview of party system research with special reference to the problems caused by the authoritarian nature of the observed party systems; a comprehensive cross-regional and historical overview of authoritarian party systems; a quantitative analysis of their structural characteristics, including fragmentation, party system format, volatility, and nationalization; and in-depth discussions of the political regime determinants of authoritarian party systems and of the interplay between party systems and other components of the authoritarian institutional order. Quantitative analysis has been performed on an original database comprising cases of party-structured authoritarian regimes between 1945-2019. This content of the book is illustrated by case studies drawn from across the spectrum of contemporary authoritarian regimes"--
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"This book examines the political parties which emerged in the former Ottoman, Qing, Russian, and Habsburg empires and not only took over government power, but merged with government itself. It discusses how these parties, disillusioned with previous constitutional and parliamentary reforms, justified their takeovers with programs of controlled or supervised economic and social development, including acting as the mediators between the various social and ethnic groups in the respective territories. It pays special attention to nation-building through the party, to institutions (both constitutional and de facto), and to the global and comparative aspects of one-party regimes. It explores the origins of one-party regimes in China, Czechoslovakia, Korea, the Soviet Union, Turkey, Yugoslavia, and beyond, the roles of socialism and nationalism in the parties' approaches to development and state-building, as well the pedagogical aspirations of the ruling elites. Hence, by revisiting the dynamics of the transition from the earlier imperial formations via constitutionalism to one-party governments, and by assessing the internal and external dynamics of one-party regimes after their establishment, the book more precisely locates this type of regime within the contemporary world's political landscape. Moreover, it emphasises that one-party regimes thrived on both sides of the Cold War and in some of the non-aligned states, and that although some state socialist one-party regimes collapsed in 1989-1991, in other places historically dominant parties and new parties have continued to monopolize political power"-- Provided by publisher.
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This book examines the role played by the parties themselves in two-party systems. It rejects the argument that the behaviour of the parties is determined largely by social forces or by the supposed logic of the electoral market. Instead, it shows that both structure and agency can matter. It focuses on three major aspects of change in two-party systems: (i) why occasionally major parties ( such as the British Liberals) collapse; (ii) why collapsed parties sometimes survive as minorparties, and sometimes do not; and (iii) what determines why, and how, major parties will ally themselves with mi
Two-party systems. --- Dual-party systems --- Political parties
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How should we think about electoral reform? What are the prospects for modern-day efforts to reform away the two-party system? This book offers a "shifting coalitions" theory of electoral-system change, puts the Progressive Era in comparative perspective, and warns against repeating history. It casts reform as an effort to get or keep control of government, usually during periods of party realignment. Reform can be used to insulate some coalition, dislodge the one in power, or deal with noncommittal "centrists." Whether reform lasts depends less on the number of parties than on whether it helps coalitions hold themselves together. This is where the Progressives got it wrong. Unable to win support for "multi-party politics," they built a reform movement on the idea of "no parties." They polarized local politics on the issue of "corruption," won proportional representation in twenty-four cities, then watched (and sometimes joined) its repeal in all but one case. Along the way, they found they needed parties after all, but the rules they had designed were not up to the task. This movement's legacy still shapes American politics: nonpartisan elections to undersized city councils. Today's reformers might do well to make peace with parties, and their critics might do well to make peace with having more.
Elections --- Political parties --- Two-party systems --- Dual-party systems
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This series has taken the clarity, accessibility, reliability and in-depth analysis of our best-selling Access to History series and tailor-made it for the History IB Diploma.
Authoritarianism --- One-party systems --- History --- Examinations
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Agriculture, Cooperative --- One-party systems --- Government policy
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Political parties --- Political systems --- Tanzania --- One-party systems
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Are political parties an essential element of democracy? Or can a no-party system constitute a viable democratic alternative? Giovanni Carbone examines the politics of Museveni’s Uganda to illustrate the achievements, contradictions, and limitations of participatory politics in the absence of partisan organizations. At a time when multiparty reforms were sweeping the globe, Uganda opted for a controversial, no-party democratic model. The country’s politics over the past two decades thus provide the perfect opportunity for addressing the many questions—theoretical, empirical, and comparative—that the notion of a no-party system of elected government raises. Carbone’s analysis of how a no-party electoral regime actually works (or doesn’t) in Uganda fills a gap in both democracy studies and the study of African politics.
Political parties --- One-party systems --- Democracy --- Single-party systems --- Parties, Political --- Party systems, Political --- Political party systems --- Political science --- Divided government --- Intra-party disagreements (Political parties) --- Political conventions --- Uganda --- Politics and government
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L'historienne américaine Anne Applebaum n'est pas la seule à faire le constat alarmant que nos démocraties sont en danger. Mais son expérience - les années qu'elle a passées en Pologne après avoir travaillé à Londres - donne à son regard une acuité que peu d'observateurs possèdent. Son livre nous propose un voyage en Pologne, en Hongrie, au Royaume-Uni puis aux Etats-Unis qui nous conduit de l'intérieur de la droite modérée vers cette nouvelle droite flirtant avec l'illibéralisme et la tentation autoritaire. Son analyse est précise et s'appuie sur une connaissance approfondie des politiques mises en place par Droit et Justice en Pologne ou par le gouvernement Orban en Hongrie, en décrivant notamment les purges dans les administrations, institutions culturelles et médias. Applebaum examine ensuite les raisons qui ont poussé des hommes comme Boris Johnson à soutenir l'idée du Brexit et comment le mensonge assumé est devenu une arme politique d'une efficacité redoutable. L'hypocrisie, le cynisme, la soif de pouvoir d'une droite prête à tout prend des formes légèrement différentes dans ces pays, mais la tentation de gouverner de manière autoritaire est la même partout, et le trumpisme en fut l'illustration la plus spectaculaire pour Anne Applebaum. Son livre est un cri d'alarme à la fois rigoureusement argumenté et infiniment personnel.Traduit de l'anglais (États-Unis) par Aude de Saint-Loup et Pierre-Emmanuel Dauzat
Authoritarianism --- Democracy --- Nationalist parties --- One-party systems --- World politics
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