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Paraneoplastic syndromes, defined in this book as ""disorders caused by cancer, but not a direct result of cancer invasion of the affected organ or tissue"", once believed to be rare and esoteric neurologic disorders have assumed increasing importance as an
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Neoplasms --- Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes --- complications
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Les cannabinoïdes représentent une classe médicamenteuse composée de 3 familles : phytocannabinoïdes, endocannabinoïdes, et cannabinoïdes synthétiques, dont les actions sont similaires et médiées par la liaison de ces composés aux récepteurs cannabinoïdes CB 1 et CB2.La résultante de cette liaison induit toute une variabilité d'effets thérapeutiques (antiémétiques, stimulation de l'appétit, potentiel effet anticancéreux,...), dont un effet analgésique. Grâce à de nombreuses études réalisées principalement sur des rats, cette analgésie a pu être observée sur un type de douleurs particulières : les douleurs neuropathiques , notamment celles induites par les agents utilisés en chimiothérapie. Ces douleurs sont généralement observées au niveau des membres inférieurs et supérieurs (sensations de picotements, d'engourdissements, de sensibilité à la chaleur et au froid,. ..).Les études réalisées impliquaient l'induction d'une douleur neuropathique chez l'animal ainsi que l'évaluation de l'effet cannabinoïde sur l'hyperalgésie et l'allodynie perçues par l'animal. Plusieurs mécanismes ont été testés comme la liaison directe d'un cannabinoïde aux CB l et CB2, une augmentation du taux d'endocannabinoïdes par inhibition des enzymes responsables de leur dégradation, etc . .. Les résultats observés correspondaient tous à une diminution de ces deux paramètres, permettant ainsi de confirmer un effet analgésique sur ce type de douleur. Cependant, l'usage de cette classe n'est pas sans danger. Elle peut en effet être responsable d'effets secondaires potentiellement dangereux lorsqu'ils sont de types psychologiques. C'est pourquoi, une connaissance des contre-indications et des précautions d'usage en vigueur s'avère nécessaire. D'autres aspects importants sont les aspects économique et légal. Le premier implique un remboursement octroyé uniquement sous certaines conditions. En absence de ce remboursement, le traitement cannabinoïde devient très onéreux. Le second concerne la diversité de législations relatives à l'usage médical de dérivés du cannabis à travers le monde. On note une tendance à la généralisation de cet usage au niveau européen, notamment en Belgique. Cannabinoids represent a 3 family’s composed drug class: phytocannabinoids, endocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids which effects are similar and are medicated by the binding to the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoids receptors. Resultant of that binding induces a variability of therapeutic effects (antiemetic, appetite stimulant, potential anticancer effect…), including an analgesic effect. Thanks to many studies mainly carried out on rats, the analgesic effect could be observed on a particular pain type: neuropathic pain, especially the ones induced by chemotherapeutic agents. These pains are generally observed in the lower and upper limbs (tingling and numbness sensations, heat and cold sensitivity…). Executed studies involved the induction of neuropathic pain in animals as well as the evaluation of the cannabinoid effect on hyperalgesia and allodynia perceived by animals. Several mechanisms were tested such as the direct binding of cannabinoids to CB1 and CB2, the increase of endocannabinoid effect on hyperalgesia and allodynia perceived by animals. Several mechanisms were tested such as the direct binding of cannabinoid to CB1 and CB2, the increase of endocannabinoids by inhibition of enzymes responsible of their degradation, etc. All the results were linked to a decrease of those two parameters permitting to show an analgesic effect on the pain. However, using this drug class isn’t risk-free. Indeed, it can be responsible of side effects which can be dangerous if they reach the CNS. It is therefore necessary to have a good knowledge about contraindications and precautions for use. Other important aspects are the economic and legal aspects. The first one involves a reimbursement which is given only under specific conditions. Without that reimbursement, cannabinoid treatment is expensive. The second one is about worldwide legislation variabilities relating to medical use of cannabis derivatives. We can notice a European generalization trend of that use, also in Belgium.
Receptors, Cannabinoid --- Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy --- Induction Chemotherapy
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HYPERCALCEMIA --- HYPERPARATHYROIDISM --- PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES --- VITAMIN D --- COMPLICATIONS --- HYPERCALCEMIA --- HYPERPARATHYROIDISM --- PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES --- VITAMIN D --- COMPLICATIONS
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Tuberculosis --- Lung Diseases --- Metabolism --- Breathing Exercises --- Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes --- therapy
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Features "Endocrine-Related Cancer," a journal published by the Society for Endocrinology in Bristol, England. Offers access to browsable abstracts, as well as the full-text of current and previous issues. Contains information about investigations into endocrine-related cancer in humans and animals
Endocrine System Diseases --- Hormones --- Neoplastic Endocrine-Like Syndromes --- adverse effects --- periodicals. --- therapeutic use --- Endocrine glands --- Endocrine System Diseases. --- Neoplasms. --- Diseases --- Cancer --- adverse effects. --- therapeutic use. --- Cancer. --- Diseases. --- Society for Endocrinology. --- Bristol (England) --- Great Britain. --- England --- Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes. --- Ectopic Hormone Syndromes --- Ectopic Hormone Syndrome --- Endocrine Syndrome, Paraneoplastic --- Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndrome --- Syndrome, Ectopic Hormone --- Syndrome, Paraneoplastic Endocrine --- Syndromes, Ectopic Hormone --- Syndromes, Paraneoplastic Endocrine --- Hormones, Ectopic --- Diseases of Endocrine System --- Endocrine Diseases --- Disease, Endocrine --- Disease, Endocrine System --- Diseases, Endocrine --- Diseases, Endocrine System --- Endocrine Disease --- Endocrine System Disease --- System Disease, Endocrine --- System Diseases, Endocrine --- Endocrinology --- Periodicals --- Health Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Clinical Medicine --- Oncology --- Metabolism --- Clinical endocrinology --- Endocrine diseases --- Hormonal disorders --- Ductless glands --- Gland of internal secretion --- Glands, Ductless --- Anglia --- Angliyah --- Briṭanyah --- Grande-Bretagne --- Grossbritannien --- Marea Britanie --- Nagy-Britannia --- Prydain Fawr --- Royaume-Uni --- Saharātchaʻānāčhak --- Storbritannien --- United Kingdom --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland --- Velikobritanii︠a︡ --- Wielka Brytania --- Bristol --- Bristol, Eng. --- Corporation of the City of Bristol (England) --- Bristol (Avon) --- City of Bristol (England) --- City and County of Bristol (England) --- City & County of Bristol (England) --- Bristol (England : Unitary authority) --- Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes --- Glands --- Chromaffin cells --- Northern Ireland --- Scotland --- Wales --- Hormone --- Hormone Receptor Agonists --- Agonists, Hormone Receptor --- Receptor Agonists, Hormone --- Endocrine Glands --- Great Britain --- England and Wales --- Velikobritanii͡ --- Förenade kungariket --- Grã-Bretanha --- Igirisu --- Iso-Britannia --- Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta --- Neoplastic Endocrine-Like Syndromes. --- Endocrine Gland Neoplasms. --- Endocrine Glands. --- United Kingdom.
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Apheresis refers to an extracorporeal therapy which aims at removing pathological constituents from the patients’ blood. Due to the development of new techniques as well as the discovery of novel autoimmune antibodies, it is increasingly recognized as an important therapeutic option for a variety of autoimmune-mediated neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune encephalitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and many others. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) constitutes the standard method of apheresis for most indications, while immunoadsorption (IA) offers a more specific, low-risk alternative. Both methods aim at removing auto-antibodies from the blood. Evidence for most neurological diseases is still low. Interestingly, more recent developments suggest that apheresis is not limited to the removal of autoantibodies but may also be useful in neurodegenerative and possibly even in acute vascular disorders.
Medicine --- immunoadsorption --- acute relapsing multiple sclerosis --- plasma exchange --- therapeutic apheresis --- multiple sclerosis --- optic neuritis --- relapse --- class IV --- steroids --- Alzheimer's clinical syndrome --- dementia --- autoantibodies --- α1-Adrenergic receptor --- Inflammatory neuropathy --- chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy --- Guillain-Barré syndrome --- paranodal antibodies --- plasmapheresis --- Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome --- ß2 adrenoreceptor autoantibody --- autoimmune encephalitis --- limbic encephalitis --- NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat) --- antibody --- paraneoplastic --- apheresis --- therapeutic plasma exchange --- neurological diseases --- CRP --- stroke --- inflammation --- immunoadsorption --- acute relapsing multiple sclerosis --- plasma exchange --- therapeutic apheresis --- multiple sclerosis --- optic neuritis --- relapse --- class IV --- steroids --- Alzheimer's clinical syndrome --- dementia --- autoantibodies --- α1-Adrenergic receptor --- Inflammatory neuropathy --- chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy --- Guillain-Barré syndrome --- paranodal antibodies --- plasmapheresis --- Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome --- ß2 adrenoreceptor autoantibody --- autoimmune encephalitis --- limbic encephalitis --- NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat) --- antibody --- paraneoplastic --- apheresis --- therapeutic plasma exchange --- neurological diseases --- CRP --- stroke --- inflammation
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Apheresis refers to an extracorporeal therapy which aims at removing pathological constituents from the patients’ blood. Due to the development of new techniques as well as the discovery of novel autoimmune antibodies, it is increasingly recognized as an important therapeutic option for a variety of autoimmune-mediated neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune encephalitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and many others. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) constitutes the standard method of apheresis for most indications, while immunoadsorption (IA) offers a more specific, low-risk alternative. Both methods aim at removing auto-antibodies from the blood. Evidence for most neurological diseases is still low. Interestingly, more recent developments suggest that apheresis is not limited to the removal of autoantibodies but may also be useful in neurodegenerative and possibly even in acute vascular disorders.
immunoadsorption --- acute relapsing multiple sclerosis --- plasma exchange --- therapeutic apheresis --- multiple sclerosis --- optic neuritis --- relapse --- class IV --- steroids --- Alzheimer’s clinical syndrome --- dementia --- autoantibodies --- α1-Adrenergic receptor --- Inflammatory neuropathy --- chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy --- Guillain-Barré syndrome --- paranodal antibodies --- plasmapheresis --- Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome --- ß2 adrenoreceptor autoantibody --- autoimmune encephalitis --- limbic encephalitis --- NMDAR (N-Methyl-D-Aspartat) --- antibody --- paraneoplastic --- apheresis --- therapeutic plasma exchange --- neurological diseases --- CRP --- stroke --- inflammation --- n/a --- Alzheimer's clinical syndrome --- Guillain-Barré syndrome
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