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Dissertation
Mémoire, y compris stage professionnalisant[BR]- Séminaires méthodologiques intégratifs[BR]- Mémoire : "Reconnaissance de l'arrêt cardiorespiratoire en milieu extrahospitalier dans le cadre d'une réanimation cardiopulmonaire guidée par téléphone : Étude randomisée contrôlée : approches méthodologiques et résultats préliminaires"
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2020 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Introduction : L’arrêt cardio-respiratoire extrahospitalier (ACREH) représente un enjeu majeur de santé publique associé à un faible taux de survie et des répercussions dévastatrices. Bien que la réanimation cardio-pulmonaire par téléphone (T-RCP) ait permis d’améliorer la prise en charge des patients en ACREH, l’identification des patients nécessitant une réanimation cardio-pulmonaire (RCP) reste complexe à établir par téléphone. &#13;Objectif : L’objectif principal de cette recherche est d’évaluer l’impact de l’utilisation d’une procédure simplifiée d’évaluation de la respiration sur la reconnaissance et sur le temps de détection des ACREH lors d’une T-RCP comparée à la méthode classique par la manœuvre du « Voir, Entendre, Sentir » (VES). &#13;Méthodologie : L’essai randomisé contrôlé a été réalisé sur patient standardisé dans un modèle de simulation afin de comparer les capacités de détection de l’ACREH dans deux groupes d’intervenants non formés au BLS : un groupe bénéficiant d’une guidance téléphonique conforme au protocole ALERT actuel comprenant le « VES » (groupe VES) et un groupe bénéficiant d’une guidance téléphonique avec procédure simplifiée (groupe SIMP). Les volontaires ont été aléatoirement confrontés à une des trois situations suivantes : une victime qui respire normalement, une victime en apnée ou une victime qui présente un gasping. &#13;Résultats : La collecte des données a été arrêtée prématurément par la pandémie Covid-19. Quarante-huit volontaires ont été recrutés et repartis par randomisation dans les différents groupes : 25 dans le groupe VES (7 dans le scénario respire, 8 dans le scénario apnée et 9 dans le scénario gasping) et 23 dans le groupe SIMP (8 dans le scénario respire, 8 dans le scénario apnée et 8 dans le scénario gasping). Le temps d'identification de l'ACREH était de 73 secondes (65-84) dans le groupe SIMP et de 100 secondes (94-102) dans le groupe VES (p <0,0001). Le taux d’identification de l’ACREH par téléphone n’a pas été significativement différent entre les groupes (VES : 58,8% ; SIMP : 62,5% ; p = 0.829). &#13;Conclusion : Comparée à la méthode VES, l'approche simplifiée nécessite un temps d'identification de l'ACREH plus court. Introduction : Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is a major public health issue associated with a low survival rate and devastating consequences. Although telephone dispatcher-assisted CPR instructions (T-CPR) improve the management of OHCA, the identification of patients requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains difficult to achieve by telephone. &#13;Objective : To assess the impact of a simplified breathing assessment procedure on recognition and detection time of OHCA during a T-RCP in comparison with the classic method by the maneuver of "Look, Listen, Feel" (LLF).&#13;Methodology : The randomized controlled study was performed in a simulation model with a standardized patient in order to compare the identification of OHCA in two groups of untrained volonteers : the control group benefiting from telephone guidance in accordance with the current protocol including the "L, L, F" (LLF group) and the test group benefiting from telephone guidance using the simplified procedure (SIMP group). The volunteers were randomly confronted with one of these situations : a victim who is breathing normally, a victim with apnea or a victim with gasping. &#13;Results : Data collection had to be stopped prematurely the Covid-19 pandemic. Forty-Eight volonteers, were recruited and distributed by randomization into six groups : 25 in the LLF group (7 in the breathing scenario, 8 in the apnea scenario and 9 in the gasping scenario) and 23 in the SIMP group (8 in the breathing scenario, 8 in the apnea scenario and 8 in the gasping scenario). The lengh of time to identify OHCA was 73 seconds (65-84) in the SIMP group versus 100 seconds (94-102) in LLF group (p <0.0001). The rate of ACREH recognition by telephone procedure was not significantly different between the two groups (LLF : 58,8% ; SIMP : 62,5% ; p = 0.829). &#13;Conclusion : Compared to the LLF method, the simplified approach requires a shorter time to identify OHCA.


Book
Chronic HCV Infection: Clinical Advances and Eradication Perspectives
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection can determine liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as several extra-hepatic manifestations (i.e., mixed cryoglobulinemia, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, etc.). HCV infection is asymptomatic until severe stages of disease, thus screening policy in the general population and in specific risk categories is necessary to allow for timely intervention. Despite a high sustained virological response by direct-acting antiviral drugs, a limited percentage of treated subject failed therapy according to resistance associated substitution carried on viral isolates and comorbidities in infected patients. Therefore, tailored therapy is required to cure HCV infection. Failure to comply with these conditions may impair success of HCV eradication expected by 2030. This Special Issue aims to discuss eradication perspectives related to therapy efficacy in patients with chronic diseases, developments in diagnostic procedures and improvements in screening policy.


Dissertation
Mémoire, y compris stage professionnalisant[BR]- Séminaires méthodologiques intégratifs[BR]- Mémoire : "Identification de l'arrêt cardio-respiratoire en milieu extrahospitalier dans la réanimation guidée par téléphone : étude randomisée contrôlée en simulation et étude observationnelle analytique au Centre d'Appel Unifié 112 de Liège"
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
Year: 2021 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Introduction: L’arrêt cardio-respiratoire extrahospitalier (ACREH) est l’une des causes principales de décès dans les pays industrialisés. Durant la pandémie de Covid-19 ce phénomène s’est encore intensifié. L’identification précoce de l’ACREH par les témoins reste complexe à établir par téléphone mais permet une réanimation précoce augmentant considérablement les chances de survie de la victime. &#13;Objectif : La phase 1 avait pour but de comparer la méthode « Voir – Entendre – Sentir » (VES) et la méthode « simplifiée » dans l’identification des ACREH chez les adultes non formés au BLS en simulation. L’objectif principal de la phase 2 était de déterminer les éléments aidant le plus les préposés du Centre d’Appel Unifié (CAU) à la reconnaissance du statut respiratoire de la victime. &#13;Méthodologie : Cette étude a été divisée en 2 phases. Phase 1 : des adultes sans expérience en RCP ont été recrutés au centre cinématographique de Liège et ont ensuite participé à une simulation de T-RCP avec patient standardisé. Les participants ont été aléatoirement randomisés en deux groupes : évaluation de la respiration par la méthode VES versus par une évaluation avec une méthode simplifiée. Les volontaires ont été confrontés de manière aléatoire à un des trois scénarios suivants : la victime respire, est en apnée ou présente un gasping. Phase 2 : réécoute d’appels de T-RCP provenant du CAU de Liège et questionnaires complétés par les opérateurs. &#13;Résultats : Phase 1 : les 176 participants ont été répartis dans les 2 groupes comme suit : 88 dans le groupe VES et 88 dans le groupe simplifié. Il n’y a pas de différence significative du taux de détection des ACREH entre les 2 groupes (VES : 48,9%, SIMP : 46,6% ; p = 0,8391). Le délai d’identification du statut respiratoire de la victime était de 99,5 secondes (92 – 109) dans le groupe VES et de 73 secondes (59 – 84) dans le groupe simplifié (p < 0,0001). Phase 2 : un échantillon de 51 appels a été constitué. 60,8% des opérateurs se fient aux mots utilisés par les appelants pour identifier l’arrêt respiratoire, tandis que 31,4% se fient au nombre d’inspiration par minute de la victime. &#13;Conclusion : En comparaison avec la méthode VES, la méthode simplifiée permet de réduire le temps de détection téléphonique des ACREH de 26,5 secondes. Les mots utilisés spontanément par les appelants sont déterminants dans l’identification du statut respiratoire de la victime par les préposés du CAU 112. Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the leading causes of death in industrialized countries. During the Covid-19 pandemic, this phenomenon has further intensified. Early identification of OHCA by bystanders over the telephone remains complex but allows an early resuscitation, which greatly increases the victims’ chances of survival. &#13;Objective: The aim of phase 1 was to compare the "Look – Listen – Feel" (LLF) method and the "simplified" method in the identification of OHCA by lay person in simulation. The primary objective of phase 2 was to determine which items best help dispatcher recognize the victims’ respiratory status. &#13;Methodology: This study was divided into 2 phases. Phase 1: adults with no CPR experience were recruited from the Liege movie center and then participated in a simulated T-CPR with a standardized patient. Participants were randomized into two groups: assessment of breathing by the VES method versus by a simplified method. Volunteers were randomly confronted with one of three scenarios: the victim was breathing, apneic or gasping. Phase 2: replay of T-RCP calls from the emergency medical communication center (EMCC) of Liege and questionnaires completed by the dispatchers. &#13;Results: Phase 1: The 176 participants were divided into the 2 groups as follows: 88 in the VES group and 88 in the simplified group. There was no significant difference in the detection’s rate of OHCA between the 2 groups (VES: 48.9%, SIMP: 46.6%; p = 0.8391). The time to identify the victims’ respiratory status was 99.5 seconds (92 - 109) in the VES group and 73 seconds (59 - 84) in the simplified group (p < 0.0001). Phase 2: A sample of 51 calls was taken. 60.8% of the operators relied on the words used by the callers to identify the respiratory arrest, while 31.4% relied on the number of the victims’ breaths per minute. &#13;Conclusion: Compared to the VES method, the simplified method reduces the time of telephone detection of OHCA by 26.5 seconds. The words used spontaneously by the callers are decisive in the identification of the victims’ respiratory status by the emergency dispatchers.


Book
Chronic HCV Infection: Clinical Advances and Eradication Perspectives
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection can determine liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as several extra-hepatic manifestations (i.e., mixed cryoglobulinemia, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, etc.). HCV infection is asymptomatic until severe stages of disease, thus screening policy in the general population and in specific risk categories is necessary to allow for timely intervention. Despite a high sustained virological response by direct-acting antiviral drugs, a limited percentage of treated subject failed therapy according to resistance associated substitution carried on viral isolates and comorbidities in infected patients. Therefore, tailored therapy is required to cure HCV infection. Failure to comply with these conditions may impair success of HCV eradication expected by 2030. This Special Issue aims to discuss eradication perspectives related to therapy efficacy in patients with chronic diseases, developments in diagnostic procedures and improvements in screening policy.

Born in the USA : how a broken maternity system must be fixed to put mothers and infants first
Author:
ISBN: 1282360590 9786612360596 0520941748 9780520941748 9780520256330 0520256336 Year: 2006 Publisher: Berkeley : University of California Press,

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In this rare, behind-the-scenes look at what goes on in hospitals across the country, a longtime medical insider and international authority on childbirth assesses the flawed American maternity care system, powerfully demonstrating how it fails to deliver safe, effective care for both mothers and babies. Written for mothers and fathers, obstetricians, nurses, midwives, scientists, insurance professionals, and anyone contemplating having a child, this passionate exposé documents how, in the most expensive maternity care system in the world, women have lost control over childbirth and what the disturbing results of this phenomenon have been. Born in the USA examines issues including midwifery and the safety of out-of-hospital birth, how the process of becoming a doctor can adversely affect both practitioners and their patients, and why there has been a rise in the use of risky but doctor-friendly interventions, including the use of Cytotec, a drug that has not been approved by the FDA for pregnant women. Most importantly, this gripping investigation, supported by many troubling personal stories, explores how women can reclaim the childbirth experience for the betterment of themselves and their children. Born in the USA tells:* Why women are 70% more likely to die in childbirth in America than in Europe* What motivates obstetricians to use dangerous and unnecessary drugs and procedures* How the present malpractice crisis has been aggravated by the fear of accountability* Why procedures such as cesarean section and birth inductions are so readily used


Book
GIS in Healthcare
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The landscape of healthcare is dynamic, gradually becoming more complicated with factors beyond simple supply and demand. Similar to the diversity of social, political and economic contexts, the practical utilization of healthcare resources also varies around the world. However, the spatial components of these contexts, along with aspects of supply and demand, can reveal a common theme among these factors. This book presents advancements in GIS applications that reveal the complexity of and solutions for a dynamic healthcare landscape.


Book
GIS in Healthcare
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The landscape of healthcare is dynamic, gradually becoming more complicated with factors beyond simple supply and demand. Similar to the diversity of social, political and economic contexts, the practical utilization of healthcare resources also varies around the world. However, the spatial components of these contexts, along with aspects of supply and demand, can reveal a common theme among these factors. This book presents advancements in GIS applications that reveal the complexity of and solutions for a dynamic healthcare landscape.


Book
GIS in Healthcare
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The landscape of healthcare is dynamic, gradually becoming more complicated with factors beyond simple supply and demand. Similar to the diversity of social, political and economic contexts, the practical utilization of healthcare resources also varies around the world. However, the spatial components of these contexts, along with aspects of supply and demand, can reveal a common theme among these factors. This book presents advancements in GIS applications that reveal the complexity of and solutions for a dynamic healthcare landscape.

Keywords

Humanities --- Social interaction --- GIS --- urban health --- health clusters --- kernel density --- hotspot analysis --- healthcare planning --- health geomatics --- public health --- emergency medical facilities --- traffic jam --- megacity --- network-based location-allocation model --- Beijing --- healthcare critical infrastructure --- geovisualization --- geographic information system --- colored petri net --- COVID-19 --- social media data --- sina weibo --- spatiotemporal characteristics --- automated external defibrillator --- public access defibrillation --- out-of-hospital cardiac arrest --- resuscitation --- risk mapping --- geographical accessibility --- local scale --- municipality --- healthcare services --- spatial planning --- decentralization --- usability assessment --- web GIS --- cancer --- service area --- geospatial health --- spatial disparities --- accessibility --- subway expansion --- public transport network --- cross-border cooperation --- geographic information systems --- Iberian borderland --- strategic planning --- sustainable planning --- disaster preparedness --- smart cities --- sustainable cities --- food desert --- regression analysis --- GIS --- urban health --- health clusters --- kernel density --- hotspot analysis --- healthcare planning --- health geomatics --- public health --- emergency medical facilities --- traffic jam --- megacity --- network-based location-allocation model --- Beijing --- healthcare critical infrastructure --- geovisualization --- geographic information system --- colored petri net --- COVID-19 --- social media data --- sina weibo --- spatiotemporal characteristics --- automated external defibrillator --- public access defibrillation --- out-of-hospital cardiac arrest --- resuscitation --- risk mapping --- geographical accessibility --- local scale --- municipality --- healthcare services --- spatial planning --- decentralization --- usability assessment --- web GIS --- cancer --- service area --- geospatial health --- spatial disparities --- accessibility --- subway expansion --- public transport network --- cross-border cooperation --- geographic information systems --- Iberian borderland --- strategic planning --- sustainable planning --- disaster preparedness --- smart cities --- sustainable cities --- food desert --- regression analysis

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