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The overarching goal of this book is to provide a current picture of the latest developments in the capabilities of biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing in an affordable setting, such as advances in the technology involving light sources, and delivery, acoustic detection, and image reconstruction and processing algorithms. This book includes 14 chapters from globally prominent researchers , covering a comprehensive spectrum of photoacoustic imaging topics from technology developments and novel imaging methods to preclinical and clinical studies, predominantly in a cost-effective setting. Affordability is undoubtedly an important factor to be considered in the following years to help translate photoacoustic imaging to clinics around the globe. This first-ever book focused on biomedical photoacoustic imaging and sensing using affordable resources is thus timely, especially considering the fact that this technique is facing an exciting transition from benchtop to bedside. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists and engineers in academia and industry, as well as medical experts interested in the clinical applications of photoacoustic imaging.

photoacoustic microscopy --- ultrasonic transducer --- optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy --- transparent ultrasound transducer --- ultrasound stimulation --- photoacoustic --- LED --- clinic --- optical imaging --- tomography --- ultrasound --- small animal --- liver --- fibrosis --- optoacoustic --- spectral imaging --- blind source separation --- unsupervised unmixing --- photoacoustic imaging --- 3-D printed photoacoustic probe holder --- light delivery optimization --- LED divergence --- illumination scheme --- in vivo --- mouse --- Monte Carlo --- linear array --- tumor imaging --- LED-based photoacoustic imaging --- hair follicles --- FUE --- FUT --- photoacoustic computed tomography --- light-emitting diodes --- laser diodes --- oxygen saturation imaging --- photoacoustics --- fluence compensation --- hypoxia --- deep tissue imaging --- hemangioma --- laser --- light-emitting diodes (LED) --- mobile health --- peripheral arterial disease --- stroke --- vascular malformations --- signal enhancement --- pre-illumination --- photo-thermal effect --- heat capacity --- remote sensing --- endoscopy --- speckle --- n/a

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Chemistry, Pharmaceutical. --- Crystallization --- Optical Rotation. --- Stereoisomerism. --- Resolution (Chemistry) --- Crystallization. --- Cristallisation --- methods. --- Technological innovations. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Resolution (Chemistry) -- Technological innovations. --- Optical Rotation --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Stereoisomerism --- Isomerism --- Physicochemical Processes --- Optical Processes --- Chemistry --- Pharmacology --- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Chemical Processes --- Optical Phenomena --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Organic Chemistry Phenomena --- Physical Processes --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Investigative Techniques --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Chemical Phenomena --- Physical Phenomena --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biochemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Mesotomy --- Optical resolution --- Chemistry. --- Organic chemistry. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Separation (Technology) --- Stereochemistry --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Biochemistry. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Organic chemistry --- Composition --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Pharmaceutical chemistry.

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A provocative and challenging new conceptual framework for the study of imagesThis book builds on the groundbreaking theoretical framework established in Whitney Davis’s acclaimed previous book, A General Theory of Visual Culture, in which he shows how certain culturally constituted aspects of artifacts and pictures are visible to informed viewers. Here, Davis uses revealing archaeological and historical case studies to further develop his theory, presenting an exacting new account of the interaction that occurs when a viewer looks at a picture.Davis argues that pictoriality—the depiction intended by its maker to be seen—emerges at a particular standpoint in space and time. Reconstruction of this standpoint is the first step of the art historian’s craft. Because standpoints are inherently mutable and mobile, pictoriality constantly shifts in form and possible meaning. To capture this complexity, Davis develops new concepts of radical pictorial ambiguity, including “bivisibility” (the fact that pictures can always be seen in ways other than intended), pictorial naturalism, and the behavior of pictures under changing angles of view. He then applies these concepts to four cases—Paleolithic cave painting; ancient Egyptian tomb decoration; classical Greek architectural sculpture, with a focus on the Parthenon frieze; and Renaissance perspective as invented by Brunelleschi.A profound new theory of the work of both makers and viewers by one of the discipline’s most esteemed and engaged thinkers, Visuality and Virtuality is essential reading for art historians, architects, archaeologists, and philosophers of art and visual theory.

Visual perception. --- 3D modeling. --- A Book Of. --- Abraham Cahan. --- Abstract art. --- Accessibility. --- Aesthetics. --- Allegation. --- Ambiguity. --- Analytic geometry. --- Art history. --- Athens. --- Autobiography. --- Autodidacticism. --- Awareness. --- Axial line (dermatomes). --- Baptistery. --- Bibliography. --- Classical Greece. --- Coincidence. --- Consciousness. --- Copyright. --- Critique. --- Cupola. --- David Marr (neuroscientist). --- Depiction. --- Designer. --- Diadumenos. --- Diagram. --- Direct evidence. --- Disability. --- Donald Judd. --- Doryphoros. --- Ecology. --- Edith Hamilton. --- Egyptology. --- Explication. --- Forgiveness. --- Grapheme. --- Group dynamics. --- Harry Burleigh. --- Henry David Thoreau. --- Horizontal plane. --- Ida B. Wells. --- Illustration. --- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. --- Kilt. --- Lecture. --- Life Story (TV series). --- Literary criticism. --- Medical diagnosis. --- Melville J. Herskovits. --- Microscopy. --- Misconduct. --- Modernity. --- Musician. --- Nationality. --- Neurocognitive. --- Ontology. --- Optical resolution. --- Orthographic projection. --- Paleoanthropology. --- Perception. --- Pericles. --- Perspective (graphical). --- Pictorialism. --- Piero della Francesca. --- Plaquette. --- Poetry. --- Polykleitos. --- Prehistory. --- Proportion (architecture). --- Rectangle. --- Relief. --- Retina. --- Rhetoric. --- Scapula. --- Scrovegni Chapel. --- Scrutiny (journal). --- Serdab. --- Sightline. --- Social environment. --- Soffit. --- Software. --- Spatial distribution. --- Spatial relation. --- Stanley Kubrick. --- Stephen Crane. --- Stylobate. --- Subject (philosophy). --- Subtitle (captioning). --- The Ass in the Lion's Skin. --- The Textbooks. --- Thunderstorm. --- Trompe-l'œil. --- Visual culture. --- Visual field. --- Visual space. --- Vitruvian Man. --- World Archaeology. --- Zoology.

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Homogeneous catalysis owes its success, in large part, to the development of a wide range of ligands with well-defined electronic and steric properties, which have thus made it possible to adjust the behavior of many organometallic complexes. However, ligands used in catalysis have long been centered on elements of group 15, and it is only more recently that carbon ligands have proved to be valuable alternatives with the emergence of cyclic diaminocarbenes (NHC).This Special Issue aims to provide a contemporary overview of the advances in carbon ligand chemistry from fundamental aspects to applications.

Research & information: general --- carbenes --- ylides --- DFT calculations --- electronic structure --- catalysis --- ligands --- structure-activity relationship --- NHC --- nanoparticle --- calixarene --- palladium catalyst --- Suzuki-Miyaura reaction --- amino-acids --- water --- carbon ligand --- amide --- negative charge --- phosphonium ylide --- oxide --- pincer --- metathesis --- ruthenium --- nitro catalysts --- NHC ligands --- olefins --- selenonium ylides --- selenonium salts --- chirality --- stereogenic selenium atom --- asymmetric synthesis --- optical resolution --- reactivity --- malaria --- Plasmodium falciparum --- gold --- NHC-ligands --- hybrid molecules --- drug resistance --- N-heterocyclic carbene --- platinum --- metal complexes --- 195Pt NMR --- N-heterocyclic carbenes --- imidazole --- spectroscopy --- X-ray --- mercury(II) complex --- T-shaped --- carbodiphosphorane --- phosphorus ylides --- pincer ligands --- coordination chemistry --- Cu(I) complex --- photoluminescence --- titanium --- hafnium --- copolymerization of epoxide with CO2 --- density functional theory --- natural bond orbitals --- aromaticity --- ion pairs --- alkali metals --- tropylidenyl ions --- cyclooctatetraene ions --- rhodium --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- density functional theory (DFT) --- electrochemistry --- carbone complexes --- carbido complexes --- transition metal complexes --- chemical bonding --- pincer ligand --- macrocycle --- lithium --- potassium --- intramolecular C-H activation --- dehydrogenation --- carbone --- ligand --- germylene --- coordination --- ylide --- carbenes --- ylides --- DFT calculations --- electronic structure --- catalysis --- ligands --- structure-activity relationship --- NHC --- nanoparticle --- calixarene --- palladium catalyst --- Suzuki-Miyaura reaction --- amino-acids --- water --- carbon ligand --- amide --- negative charge --- phosphonium ylide --- oxide --- pincer --- metathesis --- ruthenium --- nitro catalysts --- NHC ligands --- olefins --- selenonium ylides --- selenonium salts --- chirality --- stereogenic selenium atom --- asymmetric synthesis --- optical resolution --- reactivity --- malaria --- Plasmodium falciparum --- gold --- NHC-ligands --- hybrid molecules --- drug resistance --- N-heterocyclic carbene --- platinum --- metal complexes --- 195Pt NMR --- N-heterocyclic carbenes --- imidazole --- spectroscopy --- X-ray --- mercury(II) complex --- T-shaped --- carbodiphosphorane --- phosphorus ylides --- pincer ligands --- coordination chemistry --- Cu(I) complex --- photoluminescence --- titanium --- hafnium --- copolymerization of epoxide with CO2 --- density functional theory --- natural bond orbitals --- aromaticity --- ion pairs --- alkali metals --- tropylidenyl ions --- cyclooctatetraene ions --- rhodium --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- density functional theory (DFT) --- electrochemistry --- carbone complexes --- carbido complexes --- transition metal complexes --- chemical bonding --- pincer ligand --- macrocycle --- lithium --- potassium --- intramolecular C-H activation --- dehydrogenation --- carbone --- ligand --- germylene --- coordination --- ylide