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Ocean color measured by satellite-mounted optical sensors is an essential climate variable that is routinely used as a central element for assessing the health and productivity of marine ecosystems and the role of oceans in the global carbon cycle. For satellite ocean color to be reliable and used in these and other important environmental applications, the data must be trustworthy and high quality. Pre-flight and on-board calibration of satellite ocean color sensors is conducted; however, once in orbit, the data quality can only be fully assessed via independent calibration and validation activities using surface measurements. These measurements therefore need to be at least as high quality as the satellite data, which necessitates SI traceability and a full uncertainty budget. This is the basis for fiducial reference measurements (FRMs) and the FRM4SOC project, which was an European Space Agency (ESA) initiative to establish and maintain SI-traceable ground-based FRM for satellite ocean color, thus providing a fundamental contribution to the European system for monitoring the Earth (Copernicus). This Special Issue of MDPI Remote Sensing is designed to showcase this essential Earth observation work through the publication of the project’s main achievements and results accompanied by other select relevant articles.

VIIRS --- SNPP --- NOAA-20 --- DINEOF --- ocean color data --- data merging --- gap-filling --- ocean color radiometers --- radiometric calibration --- indoor intercomparison measurement --- agreement between sensors --- measurement uncertainty --- field intercomparison measurement --- Hyperspectral reflectance --- validation --- autonomous measurements --- ground-truth data --- system design --- downwelling irradiance --- satellite validation --- Fiducial Reference Measurements --- water reflectance --- satellite --- calibration --- solar diffusor --- SDSM --- desert trend --- lunar calibration --- RVS --- MODIS --- Aqua --- ocean color --- water-leaving radiance --- atmospheric correction --- Sentinel-3 OLCI --- Copernicus --- ocean colour --- system vicarious calibration --- fiducial reference measurement --- Lampedusa --- MOBY --- MarONet --- radiometry --- research infrastructure --- uncertainty budget --- satellite ocean colour --- fiducial reference measurements (FRM) --- calibration and validation --- SI traceability and uncertainty --- European Space Agency (ESA) --- Committee for Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) --- fiducial reference measurements --- SI-traceability --- Mediterranean Sea --- BOUSSOLE --- MSEA --- hyper-temporal dataset --- optical radiometry --- coastal environment --- observation geometry --- remote sensing reflectance --- ocean colour radiometers --- TriOS RAMSES --- Seabird HyperSAS --- field intercomparison --- AERONET-OC --- Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower --- remote sensing --- spectral irradiance comparison --- spectral radiance sources comparison

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Around 10% of the global population lives in the world’s coastal zones, mostly concentrated in the world’s largest megacities. In many regions, the population is exposed to a variety of natural hazards and space-based observations. This Special Issue will focus on the usage of remote sensing alone or in synergy with in situ measurments and modeling tools to provide precise and systematic information about processes acting in the world’s coastal zones.

Research & information: general --- ACOLITE --- coastal waters --- atmospheric correction --- time-series --- management --- Sentinel-2 --- radon transform --- remote sensing --- bathymetry inversion --- multi-scale monitoring --- image augmentation --- phytoplankton remote sensing --- coastal ocean --- red tides --- black pixel assumption --- satellite --- sediment transport --- coastal geomorphology --- ocean color --- GOCI --- VIIRS --- turbid waters --- satellite-derived bathymetry --- Copernicus programme --- multi-temporal approach --- lidar --- turbidity --- coastal upwelling --- wind forcing --- river plume --- MODIS --- Arctic Ocean --- hurricanes --- water quality --- Puerto Rico --- harmful algal blooms --- Chattonella spp. --- Skeletonema spp. --- backscattering --- Ariake Sea --- chlorophyll-a variability --- spring–neap tides --- MODIS-Aqua --- total suspended sediment --- river discharge --- band registration --- morphological registration --- multispectral camera --- Micasense Rededge-M --- Pearl River estuary --- diffuse attenuation coefficient --- S-EOF --- land subsidence --- multi-temporal SAR interferometry --- sea-surface height --- relative sea level change --- satellite altimetry data --- GNSS --- coastal urban centers --- natural protected areas --- climate change impact --- physics-based inversion method --- ocean surface circulation --- high frequency radar --- self-organizing map --- empirical orthogonal function --- neural networks --- synoptic characteristics --- wave radar --- sea waves --- model data --- Mediterranean sea --- small river plume --- aerial drone --- coastal processes --- frontal zones --- internal waves --- along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ATI-SAR) --- current line-of-sight (LOS) velocity --- azimuth ambiguity --- baseline-to-platform speed ratio estimation --- storm surge --- coastal flooding --- marine storms --- natural hazards --- steric-effect --- satellite altimetry --- ADG/CDOM colored dissolved organic matter --- Sentinel 3 --- southwestern Puerto Rico --- ocean tidal backwater --- stage–discharge relation --- ocean tide model --- Mekong Delta --- suspended particulate matter --- ocean color data --- satellite remote sensing --- in situ measurements --- C2RCC --- Landsat-8 OLI --- Sentinel-2 MSI --- Mzymta River --- Black Sea --- MUR SST --- SST fronts --- Inner Sea of Chiloé --- northern Patagonia --- suspended sediment --- Typhoon Soudelor --- spatial–temporal distribution --- HF marine radars --- wave energy --- ACOLITE --- coastal waters --- atmospheric correction --- time-series --- management --- Sentinel-2 --- radon transform --- remote sensing --- bathymetry inversion --- multi-scale monitoring --- image augmentation --- phytoplankton remote sensing --- coastal ocean --- red tides --- black pixel assumption --- satellite --- sediment transport --- coastal geomorphology --- ocean color --- GOCI --- VIIRS --- turbid waters --- satellite-derived bathymetry --- Copernicus programme --- multi-temporal approach --- lidar --- turbidity --- coastal upwelling --- wind forcing --- river plume --- MODIS --- Arctic Ocean --- hurricanes --- water quality --- Puerto Rico --- harmful algal blooms --- Chattonella spp. --- Skeletonema spp. --- backscattering --- Ariake Sea --- chlorophyll-a variability --- spring–neap tides --- MODIS-Aqua --- total suspended sediment --- river discharge --- band registration --- morphological registration --- multispectral camera --- Micasense Rededge-M --- Pearl River estuary --- diffuse attenuation coefficient --- S-EOF --- land subsidence --- multi-temporal SAR interferometry --- sea-surface height --- relative sea level change --- satellite altimetry data --- GNSS --- coastal urban centers --- natural protected areas --- climate change impact --- physics-based inversion method --- ocean surface circulation --- high frequency radar --- self-organizing map --- empirical orthogonal function --- neural networks --- synoptic characteristics --- wave radar --- sea waves --- model data --- Mediterranean sea --- small river plume --- aerial drone --- coastal processes --- frontal zones --- internal waves --- along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ATI-SAR) --- current line-of-sight (LOS) velocity --- azimuth ambiguity --- baseline-to-platform speed ratio estimation --- storm surge --- coastal flooding --- marine storms --- natural hazards --- steric-effect --- satellite altimetry --- ADG/CDOM colored dissolved organic matter --- Sentinel 3 --- southwestern Puerto Rico --- ocean tidal backwater --- stage–discharge relation --- ocean tide model --- Mekong Delta --- suspended particulate matter --- ocean color data --- satellite remote sensing --- in situ measurements --- C2RCC --- Landsat-8 OLI --- Sentinel-2 MSI --- Mzymta River --- Black Sea --- MUR SST --- SST fronts --- Inner Sea of Chiloé --- northern Patagonia --- suspended sediment --- Typhoon Soudelor --- spatial–temporal distribution --- HF marine radars --- wave energy

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Around 10% of the global population lives in the world’s coastal zones, mostly concentrated in the world’s largest megacities. In many regions, the population is exposed to a variety of natural hazards and space-based observations. This Special Issue will focus on the usage of remote sensing alone or in synergy with in situ measurments and modeling tools to provide precise and systematic information about processes acting in the world’s coastal zones.

ACOLITE --- coastal waters --- atmospheric correction --- time-series --- management --- Sentinel-2 --- radon transform --- remote sensing --- bathymetry inversion --- multi-scale monitoring --- image augmentation --- phytoplankton remote sensing --- coastal ocean --- red tides --- black pixel assumption --- satellite --- sediment transport --- coastal geomorphology --- ocean color --- GOCI --- VIIRS --- turbid waters --- satellite-derived bathymetry --- Copernicus programme --- multi-temporal approach --- lidar --- turbidity --- coastal upwelling --- wind forcing --- river plume --- MODIS --- Arctic Ocean --- hurricanes --- water quality --- Puerto Rico --- harmful algal blooms --- Chattonella spp. --- Skeletonema spp. --- backscattering --- Ariake Sea --- chlorophyll-a variability --- spring–neap tides --- MODIS-Aqua --- total suspended sediment --- river discharge --- band registration --- morphological registration --- multispectral camera --- Micasense Rededge-M --- Pearl River estuary --- diffuse attenuation coefficient --- S-EOF --- land subsidence --- multi-temporal SAR interferometry --- sea-surface height --- relative sea level change --- satellite altimetry data --- GNSS --- coastal urban centers --- natural protected areas --- climate change impact --- physics-based inversion method --- ocean surface circulation --- high frequency radar --- self-organizing map --- empirical orthogonal function --- neural networks --- synoptic characteristics --- wave radar --- sea waves --- model data --- Mediterranean sea --- small river plume --- aerial drone --- coastal processes --- frontal zones --- internal waves --- along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ATI-SAR) --- current line-of-sight (LOS) velocity --- azimuth ambiguity --- baseline-to-platform speed ratio estimation --- storm surge --- coastal flooding --- marine storms --- natural hazards --- steric-effect --- satellite altimetry --- ADG/CDOM colored dissolved organic matter --- Sentinel 3 --- southwestern Puerto Rico --- ocean tidal backwater --- stage–discharge relation --- ocean tide model --- Mekong Delta --- suspended particulate matter --- ocean color data --- satellite remote sensing --- in situ measurements --- C2RCC --- Landsat-8 OLI --- Sentinel-2 MSI --- Mzymta River --- Black Sea --- MUR SST --- SST fronts --- Inner Sea of Chiloé --- northern Patagonia --- suspended sediment --- Typhoon Soudelor --- spatial–temporal distribution --- HF marine radars --- wave energy