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Notre droit se fonde sur un nombre limité de droits réels, raison pour laquelle on parle de "numerus clausus". Ce principe trouve ses bases au niveau historique et se justifie dans notre économie. 
Néanmoins, selon certains, la légitimité d’un tel principe n’a plus sa place dans notre société actuelle. Si le rejet du numerus clausus est depuis longtemps affirmé en France, il vient d’à nouveau se concrétiser par l’instauration d’un droit réel dit « de jouissance spéciale ». Au fil du temps, les contours et limites de ce nouveau droit, notamment celles concernant sa durée, ont été précisés par la Cour de cassation française. Toutefois, de nombreux doutes continuent à subsister et une intervention du législateur français serait opportune afin de clarifier les choses. 
En Belgique, la position de la doctrine et la jurisprudence face à la controverse du numerus clausus des droits réels est moins tranchée. En s’inspirant de la France, cette étude tente donc de cerner les différents points de vue, les difficultés et opportunités que présente ce droit réel de jouissance spéciale, afin d’en dégager les perspectives possibles de réforme de notre droit des biens belge.

Droit des biens --- numerus clausus --- droits réels --- jouissance spéciale --- Droit, criminologie & sciences politiques > Droit civil

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Medical education policy --- Physicians --- Numerus clausus --- Medical colleges --- Enseignement médical --- Étudiants en médecine --- Premier cycle des études médicales --- Démographie médicale --- Médecine générale. --- Enseignement médical premier cycle. --- Critères d'admission dans un établissement d'enseignement. --- Enseignement médical. --- Formation des enseignants. --- Formation professionnelle en santé publique. --- Médecine générale. --- Politique publique. --- Supply and demand --- Admission --- Politique publique --- Sélection et nomination

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The first comprehensive history of how Jews became citizens in the modern worldFor all their unquestionable importance, the Holocaust and the founding of the State of Israel now loom so large in modern Jewish history that we have mostly lost sight of the fact that they are only part of-and indeed reactions to-the central event of that history: emancipation. In this book, David Sorkin seeks to reorient Jewish history by offering the first comprehensive account in any language of the process by which Jews became citizens with civil and political rights in the modern world. Ranging from the mid-sixteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first, the book tells the ongoing story of how Jews have gained, kept, lost, and recovered rights in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, the United States, and Israel.Emancipation, Sorkin shows, was not a one-time or linear event that began with the Enlightenment or French Revolution and culminated with Jews' acquisition of rights in Central Europe in 1867-71 or Russia in 1917. Rather, emancipation was and is a complex, multidirectional, and ambiguous process characterized by deflections and reversals, defeats and successes, triumphs and tragedies. For example, American Jews mobilized twice for emancipation: in the nineteenth century for political rights and in the twentieth for lost civil rights. Similarly, Israel itself has struggled from the start to institute equality among its heterogeneous citizens.By telling the story of this foundational but neglected event, Jewish Emancipation reveals the lost contours of Jewish history over the past half millennium.

Jews --- Jewish diaspora. --- Liberty --- Emancipation. --- Religious aspects --- Judaism. --- Europa --- Abolitionism. --- Algeria. --- American Jewish Congress. --- Austria-Hungary. --- Blood libel. --- Bourgeoisie. --- Bureaucrat. --- Central Europe. --- Chief Rabbi. --- Christian state. --- Citizenship. --- Civil and political rights. --- Civil code. --- Civil defense. --- Civil service. --- Civil society. --- Congress Poland. --- Conscription. --- Court Jew. --- Decree. --- Deportation. --- Duchy of Warsaw. --- Eastern Europe. --- Edict. --- Emigration. --- Employment. --- Equality before the law. --- Europe. --- Exclusion. --- French nationality law. --- Galicia (Spain). --- German Confederation. --- Great power. --- Holy Roman Empire. --- Immigration. --- Infamous Decree. --- Institution. --- Israelites. --- Jewish emancipation. --- Jewish history. --- Jews. --- Jurisdiction. --- Jus sanguinis. --- Jus soli. --- Lawyer. --- Lecture. --- Legislation. --- Lithuania. --- Local government. --- Market town. --- Military service. --- Minority rights. --- Napoleon. --- Nationality. --- Naturalization. --- Nazi Party. --- Nazism. --- New Laws. --- Nobility. --- Numerus clausus. --- Of Education. --- Ottoman Empire. --- Ownership. --- Pale of Settlement. --- Papal States. --- Partitions of Poland. --- Peasant. --- Persecution. --- Pogrom. --- Poles. --- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. --- Political party. --- Politician. --- Politics. --- Precedent. --- Promulgation. --- Protestantism. --- Prussia. --- Public sphere. --- Residence. --- Russian Empire. --- Russification. --- Salary. --- Sephardi Jews. --- Shtetl. --- States of Germany. --- Statute. --- Succession of states. --- Szlachta. --- Tax. --- Toleration. --- Treaty. --- Tsarist autocracy. --- Usury. --- Western Europe. --- World War I. --- YIVO. --- Yiddish. --- Zionism. --- Political and social conditions.