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Book
ISBN: 3110753596 3110752883 Year: 2022 Publisher: München ; Wien : De Gruyter Oldenbourg,
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The night represents almost universally a special, liminal or "out of the ordinary" temporal zone with its own meanings, possibilities and dangers, and political, cultural, religious and social implications. Only in the modern era was the night systematically "colonised" and nocturnal activity "normalised," in terms of (industrial) labour and production processes. Although the globalised 24/7 economy is usually seen as the outcome of capitalist modernisation, development and expansion starting in the late nineteenth century, other consecutive and more recent political and economic systems adopted perpetual production systems as well, extending work into the night and forcing workers to work the "night shift," normalising it as part of an alternative non-capitalist modernity. This volume draws attention to the extended work hours and night shift work, which have remained underexplored in the history of labour and the social science literature. By describing and comparing various political and economic "regimes," it argues that, from the viewpoint of global labour history, night labour and the spread of 24/7 production and services should not be seen, only and exclusively, as an epiphenomenon of capitalist production, but rather as one of the outcomes of industrial modernity.
HISTORY / Social History. --- 24/7. --- industrial labour. --- labour history. --- modernity. --- night shift work.
Dissertation
Year: 2022 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)
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Background Night shift work and poor sleep quality are associated with a wide range of chronic diseases, including thyroid disease. A limited number of studies have evaluated an association between night shift work and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and an even fewer number of studies have evaluated an association between thyroid function and poor sleep quality or sleep duration. To examine possible links, this study examines five thyroid biomarkers: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) triiodothyronine (free T3 and total T3), thyroxine (free T4and total T4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) and antithyroglobulin antibodies (ATG), and their association with night shift work, sleep duration and sleep problems. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012 was obtained from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website. Three cycles were combined to increase sample size. The relationship between night shift work and biomarker levels was analyzed using general linear regression models adjusted for a) age, b) ethnicity, gender and alcohol consumption. In addition, the association of sleep duration and quality and thyroid biomarkers was evaluated in age and multi-variable adjusted models and beta coefficients and 95% IC were reported. Results The analytic sample comprised 4,095 participants from the United States. The main results show that evening workers have increased TSH (p<0.05) and ATG (p<0.05) and T3 (p<0.05) levels compared to daytime workers. However, no difference in the examined biomarkers was found between night shift and day workers (p>0.05). Thyroid levels did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) across sleep duration categories (<6 hours, 7 hours, >8 hours). Participants suffering from sleep problems experience decreased T3 (free and total) levels (p<0.05). Conclusion Overall, night shift work or sleep duration was not associated with altered thyroid biomarker levels. However, evening workers were at risk of higher thyroid biomarker levels, compared to day workers, and people with sleep problems had lower T3 levels than people who do not have sleep problems.
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