Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Experimental data have consistently revealed that the neuronal connection weight, which models the efficacy of the firing of a pre-synaptic neuron in modulating the state of a post-synaptic one, varies on short time scales, ranging from hundreds to thousands of milliseconds. This is called short-term plasticity (STP). Two types of STP, with opposite effects on the connection efficacy, have been observed in experiments. They are short-term depression (STD) and short-term facilitation (STF).Computational studies have explored the impact of STP on network dynamics, and found that STP can generate very rich intrinsic dynamical behaviours, including damped oscillations, state hopping with transient population spikes, traveling fronts and pulses, spiral waves, rotating bump states, robust self-organized critical activities and so on. These studies also strongly suggest that STP can play many important roles in neural computation. For instances, STD may provide a dynamic control mechanism that allows equal fractional changes on rapidly and slowly firing afferents to produce post-synaptic responses, realizing Weber’s law; STD may provide a mechanism to close down network activity naturally, achieving iconic sensory memory; and STF may provide a mechanism for implementing work-memory not relying on persistent neural firing. From the computational point of view, the time scale of STP resides between fast neural signalling (in the order of milliseconds) and rapid learning (in the order of minutes or above), which is the time scale of many important temporal processes occurring in our daily lives, such as motion control and working memory. Thus, STP may serve as a substrate for neural systems manipulating temporal information on the relevant time scales. This Research Topic aims to present the recent progress in understanding the roles of STP in neural information processing. It includes, but no exclusively, the studies on investigating various computational roles of STP, the modelling studies on exploring new dynamical behaviours generated by STP, and the experimental works which help us to understand the functional roles of STP.

Psychology --- Social Sciences --- neural field model --- Associative Memory --- neural information processing --- phenomenological model --- network dynamics --- short-term plasticity --- Continuous Attractor Neural Network

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Since 2003, when spontaneous activity in cortical slices was first found to follow scale-free statistical distributions in size and duration, increasing experimental evidences and theoretical models have been reported in the literature supporting the emergence of evidence of scale invariance in the cortex. Although strongly debated, such results refer to many different in vitro and in vivo preparations (awake monkeys, anesthetized rats and cats, in vitro slices and dissociated cultures), suggesting that power law distributions and scale free correlations are a very general and robust feature of cortical activity that has been conserved across species as specific substrate for information storage, transmission and processing. Equally important is that the features reminiscent of scale invariance and criticality are observed at scale spanning from the level of interacting arrays of neurons all the way up to correlations across the entire brain. Moreover, the existing relationship between features of structural connectivity and functional critical states remains partly unclear, although investigated with both analyses of experimental data and in silico models. Thus, if we accept that the brain operates near a critical point, little is known about the causes and/or consequences of a loss of criticality and its relation with brain diseases (e.g. epilepsy). The study of how pathogenetical mechanisms are related to the critical/non-critical behavior of neuronal networks would likely provide new insights into the cellular and synaptic determinants of the emergence of critical-like dynamics and structures in neural systems. At the same time, the relation between the impaired behavior and the disruption of criticality would help clarify its role in normal brain function. The main objective of this Research Topic is to investigate the emergence/disruption of the emergent critical-like states in healthy/impaired neural systems and to link these phenomena to the underlying cellular and network features, with specific attention to structural connectivity. In particular, we would like this Research Topic to collect contributions coming from the study of neural systems at different levels of architectural complexity (from in vitro neuronal ensembles up to the human brain imaged by fMRI).

Neurosciences. --- Nervous system. --- Neuroscience --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Computational models --- in vitro --- in vivo --- network dynamics --- self-organized criticality --- neuronal avalanches --- power law

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book presents diverse contributions related to some of the latest advances in the field of personalization and recommender systems, as well as social media and sentiment analysis. The work comprises several articles that address different problems in these areas by means of recent techniques such as deep learning, methods to analyze the structure and the dynamics of social networks, and modern language processing approaches for sentiment analysis, among others. The proposals included in the book are representative of some highly topical research directions and cover different application domains where they have been validated. These go from the recommendation of hotels, movies, music, documents, or pharmacy cross-selling to sentiment analysis in the field of telemedicine and opinion mining on news, also including the study of social capital on social media and dynamics aspects of the Twitter social network.

music recommender systems --- social influence --- social trust --- homophily --- collaborative filtering --- streaming services --- ego network --- events --- network dynamics --- Twitter --- hybrid recommender systems --- feedback collection --- digital libraries --- information retrieval --- real-world data --- open-access --- social capital --- social media --- operationalization --- measurement --- scoping review --- graph convolutional neural network --- recommender system --- cross-sales --- pharmacy --- popularity bias --- opinion mining --- opinion summarization --- topic modeling --- semantic similarity measures --- word embeddings --- text mining --- sentiment analysis --- Web-based questionnaire --- telemedicine --- telemonitoring --- telehomecare --- recommender systems --- utility --- multi-criteria --- penalty --- over-expectation --- under-expectation --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

There are many applications of mathematical physics in several fields of basic science and engineering. Thus, we have tried to provide the Special Issue “Modern Problems of Mathematical Physics and Their Applications” to cover the new advances of mathematical physics and its applications. In this Special Issue, we have focused on some important and challenging topics, such as integral equations, ill-posed problems, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, system of equations, fractional problems, linear and nonlinear problems, fuzzy problems, numerical methods, analytical methods, semi-analytical methods, convergence analysis, error analysis and mathematical models. In response to our invitation, we received 31 papers from more than 17 countries (Russia, Uzbekistan, China, USA, Kuwait, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Thailand, Pakistan, Turkey, Nigeria, Jordan, Romania, India, Iran, Argentina, Israel, Canada, etc.), of which 19 were published and 12 rejected.

cauchy problem --- regularization --- factorization --- regular solution --- fundamental solution --- road section --- IMF SWARA --- traffic safety --- fuzzy MARCOS --- DEA --- ordinary differential equations --- analytical methods --- mathematical models --- Riccati equation --- radial Schrödinger equation --- transformations --- hyper-singular integrals --- Navier–Stokes problem --- product user experience --- enterprise network public opinion --- identification of high-risk users --- random forest algorithm --- user portrait --- controlled second-order Lagrangian --- Euler–Lagrange equations --- isoperimetric constraints --- curvilinear integral --- differential 1-form --- partition functions --- analytical extensions --- guelfand’s and gradshteyn’s --- classical gravity --- internal waves in rotating ocean --- fractional derivative --- q-Homotopy analysis transform technique --- fixed point theorem --- minimal sensitivity --- optimization --- power transform --- critical index --- secant method --- generalized secant method --- complex roots --- cressman method --- EICM --- ENSO --- SSTA --- immune system --- virus-infected cell --- effector cell --- autoimmune disease --- time-delay virus-immune model --- differential equations --- differential operators --- non-local boundary value problems --- general conditions --- integral conditions --- multipoint conditions --- composition of operators --- pseudo-differential equation --- conjugation problem --- wave factorization --- solvability condition --- measure of noncompactness --- random effect --- random operator --- Mönch’s fixed point theorem --- multi-term fractional differential equation --- Carathéodory condition --- resolvent family theory --- multi-dimensional public opinion --- topic derivation --- complex network dynamics model --- online comments --- hot events --- fluid --- flows --- dynamic --- structure --- axiomatics --- fundamental equations --- dissipation --- complete solution --- ligaments --- waves --- vortices --- plate --- wake --- drop --- impact --- boundary element method --- barrier options --- multi-asset options --- basket options --- spread options --- thrid-order differential equations --- delay --- oscillation criteria --- n/a --- radial Schrödinger equation --- Navier-Stokes problem --- Euler-Lagrange equations --- guelfand's and gradshteyn's --- Mönch's fixed point theorem --- Carathéodory condition --- third-order differential equations

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

There are many applications of mathematical physics in several fields of basic science and engineering. Thus, we have tried to provide the Special Issue “Modern Problems of Mathematical Physics and Their Applications” to cover the new advances of mathematical physics and its applications. In this Special Issue, we have focused on some important and challenging topics, such as integral equations, ill-posed problems, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, system of equations, fractional problems, linear and nonlinear problems, fuzzy problems, numerical methods, analytical methods, semi-analytical methods, convergence analysis, error analysis and mathematical models. In response to our invitation, we received 31 papers from more than 17 countries (Russia, Uzbekistan, China, USA, Kuwait, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Thailand, Pakistan, Turkey, Nigeria, Jordan, Romania, India, Iran, Argentina, Israel, Canada, etc.), of which 19 were published and 12 rejected.

Research & information: general --- Mathematics & science --- cauchy problem --- regularization --- factorization --- regular solution --- fundamental solution --- road section --- IMF SWARA --- traffic safety --- fuzzy MARCOS --- DEA --- ordinary differential equations --- analytical methods --- mathematical models --- Riccati equation --- radial Schrödinger equation --- transformations --- hyper-singular integrals --- Navier–Stokes problem --- product user experience --- enterprise network public opinion --- identification of high-risk users --- random forest algorithm --- user portrait --- controlled second-order Lagrangian --- Euler–Lagrange equations --- isoperimetric constraints --- curvilinear integral --- differential 1-form --- partition functions --- analytical extensions --- guelfand’s and gradshteyn’s --- classical gravity --- internal waves in rotating ocean --- fractional derivative --- q-Homotopy analysis transform technique --- fixed point theorem --- minimal sensitivity --- optimization --- power transform --- critical index --- secant method --- generalized secant method --- complex roots --- cressman method --- EICM --- ENSO --- SSTA --- immune system --- virus-infected cell --- effector cell --- autoimmune disease --- time-delay virus-immune model --- differential equations --- differential operators --- non-local boundary value problems --- general conditions --- integral conditions --- multipoint conditions --- composition of operators --- pseudo-differential equation --- conjugation problem --- wave factorization --- solvability condition --- measure of noncompactness --- random effect --- random operator --- Mönch’s fixed point theorem --- multi-term fractional differential equation --- Carathéodory condition --- resolvent family theory --- multi-dimensional public opinion --- topic derivation --- complex network dynamics model --- online comments --- hot events --- fluid --- flows --- dynamic --- structure --- axiomatics --- fundamental equations --- dissipation --- complete solution --- ligaments --- waves --- vortices --- plate --- wake --- drop --- impact --- boundary element method --- barrier options --- multi-asset options --- basket options --- spread options --- thrid-order differential equations --- delay --- oscillation criteria --- n/a --- radial Schrödinger equation --- Navier-Stokes problem --- Euler-Lagrange equations --- guelfand's and gradshteyn's --- Mönch's fixed point theorem --- Carathéodory condition --- third-order differential equations