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In this edition of NordForsk magazine you can read about the healthy nordic diet, research on the nordic languages, perspectives on the future of the nordic welfare model and much more!.

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In this English version of the NordForsk magazine you will find interviews with Juni Palmgren, Bengt Sundelius, Gudmund Hernes and Cornelis Vis, and a series of articles from NordForsk-funded projects.

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"Before entering on the question of the relation of morality to our existing social environment, it will be advisable to inquire what we mean by moral progress, and what evidence there is that any such progress has occurred in recent times, or even within the period of well-established history. The belief was once prevalent, and is still held by many persons, that a knowledge of right and wrong is inherent or instinctive in everyone, and that the immoral person may be justly punished for such wrongdoing as he commits. But that this cannot be wholly, if at all, true is shown by the fact that in different societies and at different periods the standard of right and wrong changes considerably. We are obliged to conclude, therefore, that what is commonly termed morality is not wholly due to any inherent perception of what is right or wrong conduct, but that it is to some extent and often very largely a matter of convention, varying at different times and places in accordance with the degree and kind of social development which has been attained often under different and even divergent conditions of existence. The actual morality of a community is largely a product of the environment, but it is local and temporary, not permanently affecting the character. To bring together the evidence in support of this view, to distinguish between what is permanent and inherited and what is superficial and not inherited, and to trace out some of the consequences as regards what we term "morality" is the purpose of the present volume"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

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Construite de son vivant, a` la fois par le savant lui-me^me et la socie´te´ dans laquelle il de´ploie une activite´ e´tonnante, la le´gende de Pasteur a obscurci la personnalite´, les enjeux de son oeuvre, et jusqu'a` ses re´alisations elles-me^mes. Il faut ainsi restituer le triple combat que Pasteur a mene´ toute sa vie : Combat pour la ve´rite´, en raison des illusions inhe´rentes a` la de´couverte scientifique, de la pauvrete´ mate´rielle des laboratoires et de la pre´carite´ d'une existence marque´e par la maladie et l'omnipre´sence de la mort. Combat pour faire admettre ses de´couvertes par une communaute´ savante divise´e, dans un contexte hautement concurrentiel, qui oblige le savant a` de´ployer des tre´sors d'imagination pour imposer ses solutions. Combat pour se faire reconnai^tre comme e´tant celui qui apporte les preuves de´cisives, malgre´ les pole´miquesincessantes, une presse longtemps sceptique et les divisions internationales. A l'occasion du prochain bicentenaire de sa naissance, cette enque^te permet non seulement de suivre le savant dans l'enchai^nement de ses de´couvertes et de ses luttes, mais aussi de comprendre la part exacte de ses apports personnels, gra^ce a` une attention spe´ciale accorde´e au contexte e´conomique, politique et intellectuel dans lequel il a su s'inse´rer. Le livre se double d'une re´flexion sur le ro^le du grand homme dans l'histoire, les causes et la signification du processus d'he´roi¨sation. Pre´sent au coeur des de´cisions de Pasteur, le mythe permet paradoxalement de s'approcher de l'homme, de ses tourments et de ses contradictions. La connaissance de ses faiblesses rend d'autant plus impressionnante l'ampleur de ses accomplissements.

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