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Between 1919 and 1920, the eastern territories of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth were temporarily administered by the Civic Management of Eastern Territories, established by Józef Piłsudski, the leader of the Polish Army. The residents of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania were to determine their own future governance.

HIS000000 --- Administration --- Civic --- Civil --- Eastern --- Eastern territories --- Failure --- Fazan --- Federation --- Federation program --- Gierowska --- Idea --- Incorpotation opposition --- Jaroslaw --- Joanna --- Józef Piłsudski --- Kallaur --- Management --- Multi-ethnic population --- Piłsudski's --- Polish-soviet war --- Reasons --- Territories

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In the aftermath of Alexander the Great's conquests in the late fourth century B.C., Greek garrisons and settlements were established across Central Asia, through Bactria (modern-day Afghanistan) and into India. Over the next three hundred years, these settlements evolved into multiethnic, multilingual communities as much Greek as they were indigenous. To explore the lives and identities of the inhabitants of the Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek kingdoms, Rachel Mairs marshals a variety of evidence, from archaeology, to coins, to documentary and historical texts. Looking particularly at the great city of Ai Khanoum, the only extensively excavated Hellenistic period urban site in Central Asia, Mairs explores how these ancient people lived, communicated, and understood themselves. Significant and original, The Hellenistic Far East will highlight Bactrian studies as an important part of our understanding of the ancient world.

Antiquities. --- Archäologie. --- Cities and towns, Ancient --- Cities and towns, Ancient. --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Excavations (Archaeology). --- Greeks --- Greeks. --- Group identity --- Group identity. --- Social archaeology --- Social archaeology. --- History. --- Afghanistan --- Asia --- Asia, Central --- Asia, Central. --- Ay Khānom (Afghanistan) --- Bactria --- Ferner Osten. --- Hellenobaktrisches Reich. --- Indogriechisches Reich. --- HISTORY / Ancient / General. --- Garrisons --- Ethnology --- Mediterranean race --- Geography, Ancient --- Collective identity --- Community identity --- Cultural identity --- Social identity --- Identity (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Collective memory --- Archaeology --- History --- Methodology --- Ay Khānom (Afghanistan) --- Aï Khanoum (Afghanistan) --- Ai Khanum (Afghanistan) --- Ay Khanum (Afghanistan) --- Baktrii︠a︡-Tokharistan --- Bactriane-Tokharistan --- Bactriana --- Zariaspa --- Battriana --- Central Asia --- Soviet Central Asia --- Tūrān --- Turkestan --- West Turkestan --- Languages --- ai khanoum. --- alexander the great. --- alexandria on the oxus. --- ancient history. --- ancient people. --- ancient world. --- antiquity. --- archaeology. --- bactria. --- central asia. --- coins. --- conquests of alexander the great. --- eucratidia. --- extensively excavated. --- graeco bactrian kingdoms. --- greece. --- greek empire. --- greek garrison. --- hellenistic period. --- india. --- indigenous peoples. --- indo greek kingdoms. --- late fourth century. --- modern day afghanistan. --- multi ethnic. --- multi lingual. --- urban site.