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This book contains the latest findings in a number of research areas, including the effects of dog-assisted therapy on the psychomotor development of children with intellectual disability; the use of weighted blankets and sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorders; cognitive assessment and rehabilitation for pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis; the use of gait indexes in detecting gait changes in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy; as well as the effect of ankle joint mobilization, functional progressive resistance exercise, and action observation training on range of motion, gait, spasticity, gross motor function, and balance in children with spastic cerebral palsy. The book is intended for people who work with children and adolescents with neurodysfunctions on a daily basis. It will certainly be useful to physiotherapists, medical doctors, psychologists, and all members of interdisciplinary therapeutic teams. The book can also be recommended to all individuals interested in neurorehabilitation, including parents or guardians of children and adolescents with neurodysfunctions.

cerebral palsy --- action observation --- spasticity --- gross motor function --- balance --- functional progressive resistance exercise --- muscle strength --- muscle tone --- ankle joint --- COP --- gait --- join mobilization --- gait analysis --- gait variablity index --- gait deviation index --- ankle–foot orthosis --- cognition --- cognitive rehabilitation --- pediatric multiple sclerosis --- weighted blankets --- sensory-based interventions --- autism spectrum disorder --- dog-assisted therapy --- intellectual disability --- psychomotor disorders --- child developmental --- kinesthesis --- cognition disorders --- dogs

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This Special Issue shows a range of potential opportunities for the application of wearable movement sensors in motor rehabilitation. However, the papers surely do not cover the whole field of physical behavior monitoring in motor rehabilitation. Most studies in this Special Issue focused on the technical validation of wearable sensors and the development of algorithms. Clinical validation studies, studies applying wearable sensors for the monitoring of physical behavior in daily life conditions, and papers about the implementation of wearable sensors in motor rehabilitation are under-represented in this Special Issue. Studies investigating the usability and feasibility of wearable movement sensors in clinical populations were lacking. We encourage researchers to investigate the usability, acceptance, feasibility, reliability, and clinical validity of wearable sensors in clinical populations to facilitate the application of wearable movement sensors in motor rehabilitation.

Technology: general issues --- accelerometers --- wearable sensors --- exercise --- measurement --- GMFCS level --- relative orientation estimation --- IMU --- magnetometer-free --- gait analysis --- machine learning --- inertial measurement units --- neurological disorders --- falls --- validity --- 3-D motion analysis --- single leg squat --- motion capture --- clinical --- rehabilitation --- motor function --- outcomes --- implementation --- locomotion --- assistive devices --- embedded sensors --- accelerometry --- physical activity --- Fourier transform --- functional linear model --- walking distance --- lower limb amputation --- gait --- Lie group --- constrained extended Kalman filter --- pose estimation --- wearable devices --- distance measurement --- gait planning --- stride length --- center of pressure --- human–machine interaction --- perinatal stroke --- kinematics --- upper extremity --- cerebral palsy --- hemiplegia --- constraint --- inertial measurement unit --- wireless sensors network --- motion tracking --- range of motion --- shoulder --- goniometer --- spinal cord injury --- tetraplegia --- clinical setting --- circadian motor behavior --- body-worn sensors --- older adults --- physically active workers --- low back pain --- inertial motion units --- wearable sensor --- real-time gait detection --- insole pressure sensors --- pathological gait --- gait rehabilitation --- assistive device --- wearable technology --- stroke --- physical therapy --- arm use --- upper limb performance --- accelerometer --- sensor --- walking --- n/a --- human-machine interaction

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This book collects recent research in the field of care for neurodevelopmental disorders, emphasizing transdisciplinary work in clinical, educational and family contexts. It presents an opportunity to learn about the impact of participation on children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Mainly, new therapeutic approaches are presented in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or motor coordination disorders.

hippotherapy --- cerebral palsy --- equine-assisted therapy --- physical therapy --- gross motor function --- family --- infantile hemiplegia --- modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy --- physical therapy modalities --- upper extremity --- neurodevelopmental disorders --- autism spectrum disorders --- attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder --- motor coordination disorder --- activities of daily living --- participation --- occupational therapy --- autism spectrum disorder (ASD) --- preschool teachers --- religious belief --- social beliefs --- personal beliefs --- Yemen --- autism --- diagnosis --- autoencoder --- convolution neural network --- machine learning --- sensory processing --- emotional regulation --- assessment --- play --- executive functions --- autism spectrum disorder --- specific language disorder --- virtual reality --- ADHD --- rehabilitation --- cognition --- attention --- impulsivity --- pain --- speech --- family impact --- healthcare satisfaction --- death concept --- school --- causality --- irreversibility --- universality --- non-functionality --- children --- scale development --- neurodevelopment --- grief --- inclusive education --- complex interventions development --- teachers --- health professionals --- qualitative --- co-production --- co-design --- n/a --- executive function --- child --- evaluation --- guideline --- neurodevelopmental --- pathway

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This Special Issue shows a range of potential opportunities for the application of wearable movement sensors in motor rehabilitation. However, the papers surely do not cover the whole field of physical behavior monitoring in motor rehabilitation. Most studies in this Special Issue focused on the technical validation of wearable sensors and the development of algorithms. Clinical validation studies, studies applying wearable sensors for the monitoring of physical behavior in daily life conditions, and papers about the implementation of wearable sensors in motor rehabilitation are under-represented in this Special Issue. Studies investigating the usability and feasibility of wearable movement sensors in clinical populations were lacking. We encourage researchers to investigate the usability, acceptance, feasibility, reliability, and clinical validity of wearable sensors in clinical populations to facilitate the application of wearable movement sensors in motor rehabilitation.

Technology: general issues --- accelerometers --- wearable sensors --- exercise --- measurement --- GMFCS level --- relative orientation estimation --- IMU --- magnetometer-free --- gait analysis --- machine learning --- inertial measurement units --- neurological disorders --- falls --- validity --- 3-D motion analysis --- single leg squat --- motion capture --- clinical --- rehabilitation --- motor function --- outcomes --- implementation --- locomotion --- assistive devices --- embedded sensors --- accelerometry --- physical activity --- Fourier transform --- functional linear model --- walking distance --- lower limb amputation --- gait --- Lie group --- constrained extended Kalman filter --- pose estimation --- wearable devices --- distance measurement --- gait planning --- stride length --- center of pressure --- human-machine interaction --- perinatal stroke --- kinematics --- upper extremity --- cerebral palsy --- hemiplegia --- constraint --- inertial measurement unit --- wireless sensors network --- motion tracking --- range of motion --- shoulder --- goniometer --- spinal cord injury --- tetraplegia --- clinical setting --- circadian motor behavior --- body-worn sensors --- older adults --- physically active workers --- low back pain --- inertial motion units --- wearable sensor --- real-time gait detection --- insole pressure sensors --- pathological gait --- gait rehabilitation --- assistive device --- wearable technology --- stroke --- physical therapy --- arm use --- upper limb performance --- accelerometer --- sensor --- walking

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The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely common. The application of novel, sophisticated techniques, particularly related to imaging and molecular biology, has substantially advanced our understanding of the mechanisms controlling appetite and energy intake. This has led to a redefinition of many concepts, including the relative importance of central versus peripheral mechanisms, recognising that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly gut hormones, plays a critical role. Given the major advance in knowledge in the field, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of the GI mechanisms underlying the regulation of appetite and energy intake, as a series of definitive reviews by international authorities. The reviews address gut-related mechanisms, including nutrient sensing, gut hormones and GI motility, gut-brain communication, including the roles of the vagus and the modulation of reward perception, the roles of diet and the microbiota, as well as the abnormalities associated with eating disorders, specifically obesity and anorexia of ageing, and the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The reviews cover both preclinical research and studies in humans, and are complemented by a number of important original papers.

Medicine --- lixisenatide --- intragastric meal retention --- energy intake --- type 2 diabetes --- obesity --- amino acid --- isoleucine --- chronic supplementation --- energy expenditure --- oral glucose tolerance test --- glycaemic control --- gastric emptying breath test --- endocannabinoid --- cannabinoid CB1 receptor --- gut–brain --- intestine --- western diet --- preference --- whey protein --- gastric emptying --- appetite --- lifecourse --- gut hormones --- hunger --- protein --- TAS2R5 --- TAS2R39 --- TAS2R14 --- agonist --- food intake --- GLP1 --- CCK --- PYY --- miniature pig --- pig model --- functional brain imaging --- molecular imaging --- vagal afferents --- single fiber recording --- insulin resistance --- GLP-1r --- gastric barostat --- scintigraphy --- meal ingestion --- postprandial responses --- hedonic sensations --- homeostatic sensations --- abdominal wall activity --- abdominal distension --- taste --- fat --- carbohydrate --- bariatric surgery --- GLP-1 --- ghrelin --- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass --- gastric band --- sleeve gastrectomy --- circadian --- gastrointestinal tract --- enteroendocrine cells --- chemosensory --- GIP --- nutrients --- hormones --- food ingestion --- digestion --- satiety --- digestive well-being --- functional gastrointestinal disorders --- postprandial symptoms --- brainstem --- vagus --- feeding --- gastrointestinal --- cue reactivity --- meal anticipation --- motivation --- nutrient preference --- flavor --- aversion --- bile acids --- TGR-5 --- FXR --- gastrointestinal hormones --- body weight --- gastric accommodation --- satiation --- CB1 receptor --- gut-brain --- reward --- aging --- whey --- anorexia --- supplements --- sarcopenia --- nutrient sensing --- enteroendocrine cells (EECs) --- appetite regulation --- G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) --- bitter substances --- gastric motor function --- postprandial blood glucose --- preclinical studies --- human studies --- texture --- oro-sensory exposure --- sensory science --- cephalic responses --- brain areas --- brain stem --- weight management --- intestinal brake --- duodenal jejunal and ileal brake --- tastants --- circadian clock --- gastric bypass surgery --- microbiome --- hypothalamus --- n/a