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Electrochemical energy systems can successfully exploit beneficial characteristics of electrolyte and/or electrode membranes due to their intriguing peculiarities that make them well-established, standard components in devices such as fuel cells, electrolyzers, and flow batteries. Therefore, more and more researchers are attracted by these challenging yet important issues regarding the performance and behavior of the final device. This Special Issue of Membranes offers scientists and readers involved in these topics an appealing forum to bring and summarize the forthcoming Research & Development results, which stipulates that the composite electrolyte/electrode membranes should be tailored for lithium batteries and fuel cells. Various key aspects, such as synthesis/preparation of materials/components, investigation of the physicochemical and electrochemical properties, understanding of phenomena within the materials and electrolyte/electrode interface, and device manufacturing and performance, were presented and discussed using key research teams from internationally recognized experts in these fields.

ionic liquids --- N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide --- poly(ethyleneoxide) --- polymer electrolytes --- lithium polymer batteries --- PVDF --- copolymers --- battery separator --- lithium-ion batteries --- solid state battery --- thermoplastic polymer electrolyte --- ionic liquid --- sepiolite --- inorganic filler --- gel polymer electrolytes --- composites --- montmorillonite clays --- lithium batteries --- PFG-NMR --- self-diffusion coefficient --- blend polymers --- ion transport --- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) --- gel polymer electrolyte --- electrospinning --- gravure printing --- printed batteries --- printed cathode --- multilayer --- Nafion --- CaTiO3-δ --- composite electrolyte --- succinonitrile --- electrolyte --- lithium ion batteries --- composite fibers --- mixtures --- n/a

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This Special Issue focuses on the current state-of-the-art of “Polymer Clay Nano-Composites” for biomedical, anticorrosion, antibacterial, and other applications. Clay–polymer composite nanomaterials represent an emerging area of research. Loading polymers with clay particles essentially enhances the composite strength features. Of particular interest are different nano-assembly methods, such as silane mono and multilayers, polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer assembly, and others. An important development was reached for tubular and fibrous clay nanoparticles, such as halloysite, sepiolite, and imogolite. Polymer clay nanoparticles can be prepared as sheets with 1-nm thickness and width of a few hundred nm (e.g., kaolin and montmorillonite). Fibrous clays significantly reinforce the nano-composites in the assembly with biopolymers and other green polymers, leading to functional hybrid bio nano-composites. The scope of this Special Issue comprehensively includes the synthesis and characterization of polymer clay nano-composites used for several applications, including nano-clay polymer composites and hybrid nano-assemblies.

graphene oxide --- n/a --- polysaccharide --- water resistance --- nanocomposites --- layered silicate --- polyimide --- intercalation --- barrier --- composite --- indentation recovery --- ionic network --- organically modified clays --- nanotechnology --- 2-polybutadiene --- doxorubicin --- sericite --- adsorption --- morphology --- phenyltrimethylammonium chloride --- supercritical CO2 --- blowing agent --- halloysite nanotubes --- mechanical properties --- glycerol --- ammonium persulfate --- TGA --- 1 --- interfacial interactions --- carbon fibers --- nanocomposite materials --- silica sol --- N?-methylenebisacrylamide --- intercalation stability --- polymer composites --- clay–polymer nanocomposites --- in-situ intercalation --- attapulgite/polypyrrole nanocomposite --- fish gelatin --- polyacrylic acid --- fuzzy optimization --- AFM --- variable cost --- organic montmorillonite --- positron annihilation --- whey protein isolate --- interface --- CTAB --- N --- hyaluronic acid --- swelling capacity --- water shutoff --- montmorillonite --- sol–gel transition --- in situ polymerization --- hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide --- clay-amine interaction mechanisms --- gelation kinetics --- FTIR --- surface grafting --- Pareto set --- la uptake and release --- polyamines --- polystyrene foam --- CD44 receptor targeted --- tribological property --- polyethylene oxide --- structure effects --- catalytic composite --- polystyrene --- nanoclay --- thermal stability --- sacrificial bond --- Pd catalysis --- radical polymerization --- dental resins --- reinforcing --- montmorillonite clays --- coatings --- atrazine --- cellulose nanofibrils --- soap-free emulsion polymerization --- LAP --- doubly functionalized montmorillonite --- dispersion --- organo-clays --- clay-polymer nanocomposites --- sol-gel transition