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Economic surveys. --- academic predecessors. --- demographic trends. --- economic integration. --- monetary theory. --- price index. --- public debt.

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The majority of economists, would admit that money is powerful and that changes in money will impact the economy, to some extent and most of the time. Monetary theory analyzes and determines how changes in the supply of money affect the economy. The collection of policies that use monetary tools is known as monetary policy. The main monetary authority of a country is its central bank. In the United States it is called the Federal Reserve Bank System (Fed), which is a federation of 12 Federal Reserve Banks. The Fed is responsible for initiating printing of money, monitoring the interest rate, and controlling the supply of money in the economy. Monetary authorities are shielded from executive branch interference by serving 14- year terms. This allows them to act without worrying about political fallout or fear of losing their jobs. The ability to work and function independently from political pressure has been used to claim that the supply of money is exogenous. However, the Fed acts in response to changes in the economy. It constantly monitors the economy and tries to determine the most appropriate interest rate and money supply; therefore, it is acting endogenously. The claim that the Fed's actions are endogenous does not mean that it is immune to errors, political orientations, or has full knowledge of exact amount of money necessary at every moment. Collecting and analyzing data takes time. Using monetary policy to achieve specific objectives, such as a reduction in unemployment and inflation, is even more complicated than determining the correct level of the money supply, or the most appropriate interest rate.

Monetary policy. --- monetary theory --- monetary policy --- IS --- LM --- quantity theory --- Keynes --- fiscal policy --- effectiveness of money --- discretionary policies

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EconLit includes the most sought-after economics publications including peer-reviewed journal articles, working papers from leading universities, PhD dissertations, books, collective volume articles, conference proceedings, and book reviews--all expertly indexed, classified, and linkable to full-text library holdings.Students and professionals at all levels rely on EconLit's broad scope and authoritative, up-to-date coverage with nearly 1.3 million records and coverage as far back as 1886. Nearly 65,000 entries are added each year.

Economics --- Business --- Finance --- Économie politique --- Affaires --- Finances --- economic theory --- Bases de données. --- Bases de données. --- economic theory --- capital markets --- country studies --- econometrics --- economic forecasting --- environmental economics --- government regulations --- labor economics --- monetary theory --- urban economics

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The Latin American Journal of Central Banking (LAJCB) publishes high-quality research on topics that are of keen interest to central banks and associated financial regulatory and supervisory agencies. The LAJCB covers traditional topics such as monetary theory and policy, exchange rates, and international finance. It also includes topics that have gained prominence more recently, such as financial stability, climate change as it relates to financial systems, financial market infrastructures and technologies.

Banks and banking, Central --- Monetary policy --- Foreign exchange rates --- International finance --- Banks and banking, Central. --- Foreign exchange rates. --- International finance. --- Monetary policy. --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Rates of exchange --- Foreign exchange --- Banker's banks --- Banks, Central --- Central banking --- Central banks --- Banks and banking --- Law and legislation --- Political aspects --- Rates --- central banking --- monetary theory and policy --- financial stability --- financial market infrastructures and technologies --- financial systems

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"Inflation, in which all prices and wages in an economy rise, is mysterious. If a war breaks out in the Middle East, and the price of oil goes up, the mechanism is no great mystery-supply and demand often work pretty visibly. But if you ask the grocer why the price of bread is higher, he or she will blame the wholesaler, who will blame the baker, who will blame the wheat supplier, and so on. Perhaps the ultimate cause is a government printing more money, but there is really no way to know this for certain but to sit down in an office with statistics, armed with some decent economic theory. But current economic theory doesn't really explain why we haven't seen inflation for so long, and more and more economists think that current theory doesn't hold together, or provide much guidance for how central banks should behave if inflation does break out. Many also worry that central banks have much less power over the economy than they think they do, and much less understanding of the mechanism behind what power they do have. The Fiscal Theory of the Price Level is a comprehensive new approach to monetary policy. Economist John Cochrane argues that money has value because the government accepts it for tax payments. This insight, he argues, leads to a deep re-reading of monetary policy and institutions. Inflation comes when a government is unable to repay its debts, rather than from mismanagement of the split of debt between money and bonds. In the book, he will analyze institutional design, historical episodes, and compare fiscal theory to the Keynesian and new-Keynesian theory based on interest rate targets, and to monetarism. The book offers an overview and introduction to the range of contemporary monetary economics and history of thought as well as the fiscal theory"--

Inflation (Finance) --- Monetary policy. --- Prices. --- BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Economics / Macroeconomics. --- Accounting rate of return. --- Asset price inflation. --- Bond Yield. --- Central bank. --- Consumer debt. --- Consumer economy. --- Consumption (economics). --- Credit (finance). --- Credit risk. --- Credit spread (options). --- Currency crisis. --- Currency swap. --- Currency union. --- Currency. --- Debt limit. --- Debt-to-GDP ratio. --- Debt. --- Default (finance). --- Diversification (finance). --- Econometrics. --- Economic equilibrium. --- Economic planning. --- Economics. --- Exchange rate. --- Finance. --- Financial correlation. --- Financial economics. --- Fiscal adjustment. --- Fiscal gap. --- Fiscal multiplier. --- Fiscal policy. --- Fiscal space. --- Fiscal theory of the price level. --- Fixed exchange-rate system. --- Functional finance. --- GDP deflator. --- GDP-linked bond. --- Government budget balance. --- Government debt. --- Inflation swap. --- Inflation targeting. --- Inflation tax. --- Inflation. --- Interest Cost. --- Interest rate risk. --- Interest rate. --- Keynesian economics. --- Liability (financial accounting). --- Liquidity premium. --- Macroeconomic model. --- Macroeconomics. --- Marginal rate of substitution. --- Mark-to-market accounting. --- Market Risk Premium. --- Market clearing. --- Market liquidity. --- Market price. --- Microeconomic reform. --- Modern Monetary Theory. --- Monetarism. --- Monetary Theory. --- Monetary authority. --- Monetary reform. --- Monetary system. --- Money market. --- Money multiplier. --- Nominal interest rate. --- Price Change. --- Price controls. --- Price elasticity of demand. --- Price fixing. --- Price index. --- Price level. --- Public finance. --- Quantity theory of money. --- Real business-cycle theory. --- Real interest rate. --- Real versus nominal value (economics). --- Relative value (economics). --- Risk premium. --- Share price. --- Stochastic discount factor. --- Stock valuation. --- Supply (economics). --- Supply-side economics. --- Swap (finance). --- Tax and spend. --- Tax avoidance. --- Tax policy. --- Tax reform. --- Tax. --- Terminal value (finance). --- The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. --- The Wealth Effect. --- Tight Monetary Policy. --- Trade credit. --- Treasury Bill. --- Valuation (finance). --- Value (economics). --- Commercial products --- Commodity prices --- Justum pretium --- Price theory --- Consumption (Economics) --- Cost --- Costs, Industrial --- Money --- Cost and standard of living --- Supply and demand --- Value --- Wages --- Willingness to pay --- Monetary management --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Finance --- Natural rate of unemployment --- Prices --- Monetary policy