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Ever since the Gilgamesh epic and Homer's Odyssey, stories of travel and adventure, whether 'fictional', 'factual', or a mix of both, have been crucial to the collective self-definition of human societies. Since the early modern period and the increased frequency of cross-cultural encounters, the literary motif of the journey became a significant ingredient of colonial imagination. The ideology of adventure, crucial to many works of literature, pervades Western discourses of economic expansion and scientific discovery, while anthropologists, seeking to document indigenous story traditions, encountered an oral archive not unlike that of their own. Travelistic texts (by 'culture heroes', explorers, colonial agents, missionaries, scientific explorers, refugees, and foreign visitors) often provide the semantic repertoire for descriptions of 'exotic' spaces and populations. The knowledge gained through physical encounters during journeys to foreign lands often functions to revise inherited ideas about 'cultures' - those of others as well as one's own. The topics 'travel' and 'travel writing' therefore invite us to address questions of reliability and verifiability. This volume brings together experts from diverse disciplines and places around the globe whose work is concerned with the phenomenon and discourse of travel, transculturation, and the cross-cultural production of knowledge. The contributions reflect the recent shift in travel scholarship toward including the study of ideological conflicts within Europe's 'imperial gaze', as well as attempts at tracing the perspective of Europe's 'others', which frequently challenged colonial certainties and claims to intellectual supremacy. Das breite Panorama des Bandes lässt zwei Entwicklungen in der transdisziplinären Auseinandersetzung mit postkolonialer Theorie erkennen: Erstens wenden sich viele Beiträge von der Vorstellung ab, den mobilen Reisenden stünden lokal gebundene "Bereiste"gegenüber.[...] Die Umkehrung des kolonialen Blicks durch die Frage, wie außerhalb Europas Wissen über die Welt gewonnen wurde, hat hier besondere Bedeutung. Zweitens illustrieren mehrere Kapitel, welche Einsichten sich aus einer Abkehr von der pauschalen Verurteilung europäischer Reisetexte als kolonialistisch gewinnen lassen. Auch europäische Reisende der kolonialen Ära fanden sich immer wieder in der prekären Position kultureller Mittler. Dies darf bei aller gebotenen Kritik am ausbeuterischen Charakter des Kolonialismus nicht außer Acht gelassen werden. Die Beiträge des Bandes bilden insgesamt sehr gut die Vielfalt der Reiseforschung und die Herausforderungen ab, die sich aus interdisziplinären Dialogen zu diesem Feld des Kulturkontakts ergeben. - Anke Fischer-Kattner auf: sehepunkte.de Das vorliegende Werk erweist sich durch seine vielen Perspektiven als lesenswerte Lektüre, um die Praxis des Reisens und das Berichten über Reisen als raumzeitlich spezifische, hier vor allem westliche Formen des Welt-Aneignens zu reflektieren. - Sebastian Dorsch, in: Historische Zeitschrift 307 (2018), S. 443.

Travel --- Landscapes --- Travel Literature --- Carolus Linnaeus --- Adelbert von Chamisso --- Latin America --- Travelogue --- Lucio V. Mansilla --- Désiré Charnay --- Indians --- Early Modern New France --- James Isham --- North Africa --- Early Modern Japan --- Marco Polo --- Johann Gottfried Seume --- Kazimierz Nowak --- Tourist --- Epochenübergreifend

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"This book offers an account of the life of Shibusawa Eiichi, who may be considered the first 'internationalist' in modern Japan, written by his great grandson Masahide and published in 1970 under the title, Taiheiyo ni kakeru hashi (Building Bridges Over the Pacific). Japan had a tortuous relationship with internationalism between 1840, when Shibusawa was born, and 1931, the year the nation invaded Manchuria and when he passed away. The key to understanding Shibusawa's thoughts against the background of this history, the author shows, lies in the concept of 'people's diplomacy,' namely an approach to international relations through non-governmental connections. Such connections entail more transnational than international relations. In that sense, Shibusawa was more a transnationalist than an internationalist thinker. Internationalism presupposes the prior existence of sovereign states among which they cooperate to establish a peaceful order. The best examples are the League of Nations and the United Nations. Transnationalism, in contrast, goes beyond the framework of sovereign nations and promotes connections among individuals and non-governmental organizations. It could be called "globalism" in the sense that transnationalism aims at building bridges across the globe apart from independent nation-states. In that sense Shibusawa was a pioneering globalist. It was only in the 1990s that expressions like globalism and globalization came to be widely used. This was more than sixty years after Shibusawa Eiichi's death, which suggests how pioneering his thoughts were." [Akira Iriye]

Capitalists and financiers --- Shibusawa, Eiichi, --- Shibusawa, Seien, --- Eiichi, Shibusawa, --- 澁澤榮一, --- 渋澤榮一, --- 澁澤栄一, --- 澁沢榮一, --- 渋沢榮一, --- 渋澤栄一, --- 渋沢栄一, --- 澁澤榮一翁, --- 涩泽荣一, --- Japan --- United States --- Foreign relations --- Japan. --- Manchuria. --- international relations. --- internationalist. --- modern Japan. --- Shibusawa, Seien --- Eiichi, Shibusawa --- 渋澤榮一 --- 澁沢榮一 --- 渋沢榮一 --- 渋澤栄一 --- 渋沢栄一 --- 澁澤榮一翁 --- 涩泽荣一 --- 1912-1926 --- Taishō Period (Japan)

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"Aesthetics and tradition occupy a central role in modern Japanese national identity to a degree seemingly unparalleled among the world's wealthiest nations. This text surveys highlights in Japanese history, culture, and society from prehistoric to contemporary times, devoting significant attention to the visual and literary arts and to everyday material culture in each period. It provides relatively equal coverage of the premodern and modern eras, describing important historical events, personages, and cultural developments. In addition, it traces gender ideals and the emergence of religious, intellectual, and social protest movements across time. Japan's twentieth century interlude as an empire and colonizer receives a full chapter of coverage, as do postwar economic growth and the nation's emergence as a cultural superpower in the twenty-first century. Countering general perceptions of Japan as a unique and isolated country, the text highlights how interactions with other civilizations, primarily Korea and China in premodern times and Western nations in modernity, have deeply influenced its politics, economy, society and resulted in cultural hybridity"--Provided by publisher.

Popular culture --- Japanese influences. --- Japan --- History. --- asian studies. --- colonial japan. --- cultural history of japan. --- gender and sexuality in japan. --- haeian aristocracy. --- history of japan. --- history of japanese religion. --- imperial japan. --- japan as cultural superpower. --- japan studies. --- japanese culture. --- japanese history and culture textbook. --- japanese history. --- japanese life. --- japanese religion. --- japanese studies. --- modern japan. --- popular culture japan. --- premodern japan. --- religions of japan. --- tokugawa official culture.

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Kären Wigen probes regional cartography, choerography, and statecraft to redefine restoration (ishin) in modern Japanese history. As developed here, that term designates not the quick coup d'état of 1868 but a three-centuries-long project of rehabilitating an ancient map for modern purposes. Drawing on a wide range of geographical documents from Shinano (present-day Nagano Prefecture), Wigen argues that both the founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1868) and the reformers of the Meiji era (1868-1912) recruited the classical map to serve the cause of administrative reform. Nor were they alone; provincial men of letters played an equally critical role in bringing imperial geography back to life in the countryside. To substantiate these claims, Wigen traces the continuing career of the classical court's most important unit of governance-the province-in central Honshu.

Cartography --- History. --- Nagano-ken (Japan) --- Japan --- Historical geography. --- Administrative and political divisions --- Maps --- administrative reform. --- asia scholars. --- asian studies. --- cartographers. --- cartography. --- classical maps. --- coup detat. --- early modern japan. --- geographical documents. --- government impact. --- historical geography. --- historical. --- honshu. --- imperial geography. --- ishin. --- japan. --- japanese countryside. --- japanese geography. --- japanese history. --- map rehabilitation. --- maps. --- meiji era. --- nagano prefecture. --- political history. --- regional cartography. --- restoration. --- shinano. --- tokugawa shogunate.

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This highly original study provides an entirely new critical perspective on the central importance of ideas about language in the reproduction of gender, class, and race divisions in modern Japan. Focusing on a phenomenon commonly called "women's language," in modern Japanese society, Miyako Inoue considers the history and social effects of this language form. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a contemporary Tokyo corporation to study the everyday linguistic experience of white-collar females office workers and on historical research from the late nineteenth century to 1930, she calls into question the claim that "women's language" is a Japanese cultural tradition of ancient origin and offers a critical geneaology showing the extent to which this language form is, in fact, a cultural construct linked with Japan's national and capitalist modernity. Her theoretically sophisticated, empirically grounded, interdisciplinary work brilliantly illuminates the relationship between culture and language, the nature of power and subject formation in modernity, and how the complex nexus of gender, language, and political economy are experienced in everyday life.

Japanese language --- Women --- Koguryo language --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Sex differences. --- Language. --- Femmes --- Japonais (Langue) --- Langue --- Différences entre sexes --- Sociolinguistics --- Language --- asia scholars. --- asian studies. --- class differences. --- critical analysis. --- cultural traditions. --- ethnographers. --- ethnography. --- fieldwork. --- gender and language. --- gender studies. --- gendered language. --- genealogy. --- japan. --- japanese culture. --- japanese society. --- language and culture. --- linguistic modernity. --- modern japan. --- modernization. --- national identity. --- nonfiction study. --- office workers. --- political economy. --- racial issues. --- social effects. --- theoretical. --- tokyo. --- white collar workers.