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The free energy principle is a mathematical theory of the behaviour of self-organising systems that originally gained prominence as a unified model of the brain. Since then, the theory has been applied to a plethora of biological phenomena, extending from single-celled and multicellular organisms through to niche construction and human culture, and even the emergence of life itself. The free energy principle tells us that perception and action operate synergistically to minimize an organism’s exposure to surprising biological states, which are more likely to lead to decay. A key corollary of this hypothesis is active inference—the idea that all behavior involves the selective sampling of sensory data so that we experience what we expect to (in order to avoid surprises). Simply put, we act upon the world to fulfill our expectations. It is now widely recognized that the implications of the free energy principle for our understanding of the human mind and behavior are far-reaching and profound. To date, however, its capacity to extend beyond our brain—to more generally explain living and other complex adaptive systems—has only just begun to be explored. The aim of this collection is to showcase the breadth of the free energy principle as a unified theory of complex adaptive systems—conscious, social, living, or not.

Information technology industries --- Computer science --- message passing --- metabolism --- Bayesian --- stochastic --- non-equilibrium --- master equations --- cancer niches --- free energy --- Kikuchi approximations --- apoptosis --- metastasis --- cluster variation method --- Free Energy Principle --- active inference --- Bayesian brain --- generative models --- cybernetics --- embodiment --- enactivism --- cognitivism --- representations --- consciousness --- free will --- mental causation --- cognitive-affective development --- emotions --- feelings --- readiness potentials --- intentionality --- agency --- intelligence --- collective intelligence --- free energy principle --- agent-based model --- complex adaptive systems --- multiscale systems --- computational model --- uncertainty --- POMDP --- emotion --- affect control theory --- sociology --- permutation entropy --- disorder --- stress --- allostatic (hub) overload --- cascading failure --- disease --- hierarchical control systems --- critical slowing down --- model-based control --- adaptive robots --- generative model --- Bayesian inference --- filtering --- neurotechnology --- n/a

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The free energy principle is a mathematical theory of the behaviour of self-organising systems that originally gained prominence as a unified model of the brain. Since then, the theory has been applied to a plethora of biological phenomena, extending from single-celled and multicellular organisms through to niche construction and human culture, and even the emergence of life itself. The free energy principle tells us that perception and action operate synergistically to minimize an organism’s exposure to surprising biological states, which are more likely to lead to decay. A key corollary of this hypothesis is active inference—the idea that all behavior involves the selective sampling of sensory data so that we experience what we expect to (in order to avoid surprises). Simply put, we act upon the world to fulfill our expectations. It is now widely recognized that the implications of the free energy principle for our understanding of the human mind and behavior are far-reaching and profound. To date, however, its capacity to extend beyond our brain—to more generally explain living and other complex adaptive systems—has only just begun to be explored. The aim of this collection is to showcase the breadth of the free energy principle as a unified theory of complex adaptive systems—conscious, social, living, or not.

Information technology industries --- Computer science --- message passing --- metabolism --- Bayesian --- stochastic --- non-equilibrium --- master equations --- cancer niches --- free energy --- Kikuchi approximations --- apoptosis --- metastasis --- cluster variation method --- Free Energy Principle --- active inference --- Bayesian brain --- generative models --- cybernetics --- embodiment --- enactivism --- cognitivism --- representations --- consciousness --- free will --- mental causation --- cognitive-affective development --- emotions --- feelings --- readiness potentials --- intentionality --- agency --- intelligence --- collective intelligence --- free energy principle --- agent-based model --- complex adaptive systems --- multiscale systems --- computational model --- uncertainty --- POMDP --- emotion --- affect control theory --- sociology --- permutation entropy --- disorder --- stress --- allostatic (hub) overload --- cascading failure --- disease --- hierarchical control systems --- critical slowing down --- model-based control --- adaptive robots --- generative model --- Bayesian inference --- filtering --- neurotechnology --- message passing --- metabolism --- Bayesian --- stochastic --- non-equilibrium --- master equations --- cancer niches --- free energy --- Kikuchi approximations --- apoptosis --- metastasis --- cluster variation method --- Free Energy Principle --- active inference --- Bayesian brain --- generative models --- cybernetics --- embodiment --- enactivism --- cognitivism --- representations --- consciousness --- free will --- mental causation --- cognitive-affective development --- emotions --- feelings --- readiness potentials --- intentionality --- agency --- intelligence --- collective intelligence --- free energy principle --- agent-based model --- complex adaptive systems --- multiscale systems --- computational model --- uncertainty --- POMDP --- emotion --- affect control theory --- sociology --- permutation entropy --- disorder --- stress --- allostatic (hub) overload --- cascading failure --- disease --- hierarchical control systems --- critical slowing down --- model-based control --- adaptive robots --- generative model --- Bayesian inference --- filtering --- neurotechnology

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This book contains a collection of peer-review scientific papers about marine engines’ performance and emissions. These papers were carefully selected for the “Marine Engines Performance and Emissions” Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. Recent advancements in engine technology have allowed designers to reduce emissions and improve performance. Nevertheless, further efforts are needed to comply with the ever increased emission legislations. This book was conceived for people interested in marine engines. This information concerning recent developments may be helpful to academics, researchers, and professionals engaged in the field of marine engineering.

Technology: general issues --- CFD --- NOx --- engine --- ammonia --- water injection --- marine two-stroke diesel engine --- mean value engine model --- compressor model --- in-cylinder pressure trace --- model calibration --- marine propulsion system --- shaft generator --- power take-in --- power take-off --- energy efficiency design index --- energy efficiency operational indicator --- gradient vector optimization --- power converter --- torque oriented control --- scrubber --- EGCS --- emissions --- particles --- PM --- BC --- exhaust gases --- on board measurements --- reduction --- gaseous emissions --- biodiesel mixtures --- marine --- turbocharger --- bladed disc --- measurement --- laser --- simulation --- ships diesel engines --- exhaust gas emission --- fuel mixtures --- rapeseed oil methyl ester --- marine diesel oil --- fuel injection parameters --- ship propulsion system --- electric power generating system --- hybrid propulsion --- propulsion control --- LNG --- mission profile --- power take off/in --- pneumatic flexible shaft coupling --- pneumatic tuner of torsional oscillations --- torsional vibration --- semi-active vibroisolation --- constant twist angle control --- fan characteristics --- model-based control --- pneumatic bellows --- MCDM --- marine engine --- injection --- consumption --- method of characteristics --- one-dimensional numerical analysis --- single cylinder diesel engine --- mass flow rate --- intake and exhaust system --- methane slip --- methane oxidation catalyst --- natural gas --- CFD --- NOx --- engine --- ammonia --- water injection --- marine two-stroke diesel engine --- mean value engine model --- compressor model --- in-cylinder pressure trace --- model calibration --- marine propulsion system --- shaft generator --- power take-in --- power take-off --- energy efficiency design index --- energy efficiency operational indicator --- gradient vector optimization --- power converter --- torque oriented control --- scrubber --- EGCS --- emissions --- particles --- PM --- BC --- exhaust gases --- on board measurements --- reduction --- gaseous emissions --- biodiesel mixtures --- marine --- turbocharger --- bladed disc --- measurement --- laser --- simulation --- ships diesel engines --- exhaust gas emission --- fuel mixtures --- rapeseed oil methyl ester --- marine diesel oil --- fuel injection parameters --- ship propulsion system --- electric power generating system --- hybrid propulsion --- propulsion control --- LNG --- mission profile --- power take off/in --- pneumatic flexible shaft coupling --- pneumatic tuner of torsional oscillations --- torsional vibration --- semi-active vibroisolation --- constant twist angle control --- fan characteristics --- model-based control --- pneumatic bellows --- MCDM --- marine engine --- injection --- consumption --- method of characteristics --- one-dimensional numerical analysis --- single cylinder diesel engine --- mass flow rate --- intake and exhaust system --- methane slip --- methane oxidation catalyst --- natural gas

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This Special Issue, consisting of 14 papers, presents the latest findings concerning both numerical and experimental investigations. Their aim is to achieve a reduction in pollutant emissions, as well as an improvement in fuel economy and performance, for internal combustion engines. This will provide readers with a comprehensive, unbiased, and scientifically sound overview of the most recent research and technological developments in this field. More specific topics include: 3D CFD detailed analysis of the fuel injection, combustion and exhaust aftertreatments processes, 1D and 0D, semi-empirical, neural network-based control-oriented models, experimental analysis and the optimization of both conventional and innovative combustion processes.

History of engineering & technology --- homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) --- exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) --- dual-fuel --- dimethyl ether (DME) --- exhaust emission --- co-combustion --- dual fuel --- combustion stability --- coefficient of variation of IMEP --- probability density of IMEP --- 0D model --- predictive model --- tumble --- turbulent intensity --- spark-ignition engine --- engine geometry --- AdBlue® injection --- large eddy simulation --- Eulerian–Lagrangian approach --- thermal decomposition --- wall–film formation --- conversion efficiency --- hybrid electric vehicle --- real driving emissions --- fuel consumption --- vehicle performance --- electric supercharger --- Lambda-1 engine --- 48 V Mild Hybrid --- electrically assisted turbocharger --- variable geometry turbocharger-exhaust gas recirculation --- oxygen concentration --- active disturbance rejection control --- model-based --- control --- diesel engine --- ANN --- physics-based model --- semi-empirical model --- CNG --- diesel fuel --- dual fuel engine --- rate of heat release --- ignition delay --- burn duration --- exhaust gas emission --- camless --- electromagnetic variable valve train --- magnetorheological buffer --- soft landing --- solenoid injectors --- indirect-acting piezoelectric injectors --- direct-acting piezoelectric injectors --- engine-out emissions --- combustion noise --- diesel engines --- pollutant emission reduction --- mixing process --- advanced injection strategy --- varying injection rate --- engine torque estimation --- GDI engines --- extended state observer --- online performance --- torque --- nitrogen oxide emissions --- model-based control --- engines --- numerical simulation --- pollutant emissions prediction --- computational fluid dynamics

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• Reference Manager
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This book contains a collection of peer-review scientific papers about marine engines’ performance and emissions. These papers were carefully selected for the “Marine Engines Performance and Emissions” Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. Recent advancements in engine technology have allowed designers to reduce emissions and improve performance. Nevertheless, further efforts are needed to comply with the ever increased emission legislations. This book was conceived for people interested in marine engines. This information concerning recent developments may be helpful to academics, researchers, and professionals engaged in the field of marine engineering.

CFD --- NOx --- engine --- ammonia --- water injection --- marine two-stroke diesel engine --- mean value engine model --- compressor model --- in-cylinder pressure trace --- model calibration --- marine propulsion system --- shaft generator --- power take-in --- power take-off --- energy efficiency design index --- energy efficiency operational indicator --- gradient vector optimization --- power converter --- torque oriented control --- scrubber --- EGCS --- emissions --- particles --- PM --- BC --- exhaust gases --- on board measurements --- reduction --- gaseous emissions --- biodiesel mixtures --- marine --- turbocharger --- bladed disc --- measurement --- laser --- simulation --- ships diesel engines --- exhaust gas emission --- fuel mixtures --- rapeseed oil methyl ester --- marine diesel oil --- fuel injection parameters --- ship propulsion system --- electric power generating system --- hybrid propulsion --- propulsion control --- LNG --- mission profile --- power take off/in --- pneumatic flexible shaft coupling --- pneumatic tuner of torsional oscillations --- torsional vibration --- semi-active vibroisolation --- constant twist angle control --- fan characteristics --- model-based control --- pneumatic bellows --- MCDM --- marine engine --- injection --- consumption --- method of characteristics --- one-dimensional numerical analysis --- single cylinder diesel engine --- mass flow rate --- intake and exhaust system --- methane slip --- methane oxidation catalyst --- natural gas --- n/a