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The new frontier of pharmaceutical sciences is gene therapy, which is the use of molecules able to interact directly with the expression of the genetic material of the patient as well as of the disease-causing guest (bacteria, virus, parasites, and tumor cells). Among the molecules of interest for gene therapy, a relevant role is played by small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules able to interfere with the expression of genes of interest for some diseases. However, siRNA molecules, even if they are powerful as drugs, are difficult to deliver since they are sensitive to enzymes present in plasma and they are large and negatively charged, so are difficult to administer into the cell nuclei, since the cell walls are scarcely permeable to large molecules and are also negatively charged. Therefore, the focus of research on siRNA-based therapies is their delivery, which can be performed by chemical modification, association with aptamers or polycations, or embedding them into properly designed liposomes. This book is centered on the more recent development in siRNA delivery techniques toward the clinical applications of this potent class of drugs.

oligonucleotide delivery --- light-activated release --- intracellular release --- liposome --- indocyanine green --- drug co-delivery --- methotrexate --- siRNA --- antitumor effect --- mixed micelles --- targeted delivery system --- cationic liposome --- folate --- folate receptor --- cationic cholesterol derivative --- siRNA delivery --- gene knockdown --- tumor-targeting --- VEGFA --- VEGFR1 --- endoglin --- peptide --- angiogenesis --- gene silencing --- migration --- proliferation --- endothelial cells --- RNAi therapeutics --- amphiphilic dendrons --- PAMAM dendrimers --- self-assembling --- nanovectors --- covalent dendrimers --- NABDs --- liposomes --- clinical trials --- drug delivery --- nanoparticle --- carbonate apatite --- ERBB2 --- AKT --- breast cancer --- ovarian cancer --- polymer --- lipid --- delivery --- poly(ethylene) imine --- PEI --- RNA --- tyrosine-modification --- tumor xenograft --- magnetic nanoparticle --- iron oxide --- BCL2 --- BIRC5/survivin --- oral cancer --- aptamers --- cancer --- nanoparticles --- STAT6 --- polyaspartamide --- pegylation --- polyamine --- polyplexes --- asthma --- n/a

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BioPolymers could be either natural polymers – polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…, or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources. Since the late 1990s, the polymer industry has faced two serious problems: global warming and anticipation of limitation to the access to fossil resources. One solution consists in the use of sustainable resources instead of fossil-based resources. Hence, biomass feedstocks are a promising resource and biopolymers are one of the most dynamic polymer area. Additionally, biodegradability is a special functionality conferred to a material, bio-based or not. Very recently, facing the awareness of the volumes of plastic wastes, biodegradable polymers are gaining increasing attention from the market and industrial community. This special issue of Molecules deals with the current scientific and industrial challenges of Natural and Biobased Polymers, through the access of new biobased monomers, improved thermo-mechanical properties, and by substitution of harmful substances. This themed issue can be considered as collection of highlights within the field of Natural Polymers and Biobased Polymers which clearly demonstrate the increased interest in this field. We hope that this will inspire researchers to further develop this area and thus contribute to futures more sustainable society.”

Research & information: general --- imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer --- n/a

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BioPolymers could be either natural polymers – polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…, or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources. Since the late 1990s, the polymer industry has faced two serious problems: global warming and anticipation of limitation to the access to fossil resources. One solution consists in the use of sustainable resources instead of fossil-based resources. Hence, biomass feedstocks are a promising resource and biopolymers are one of the most dynamic polymer area. Additionally, biodegradability is a special functionality conferred to a material, bio-based or not. Very recently, facing the awareness of the volumes of plastic wastes, biodegradable polymers are gaining increasing attention from the market and industrial community. This special issue of Molecules deals with the current scientific and industrial challenges of Natural and Biobased Polymers, through the access of new biobased monomers, improved thermo-mechanical properties, and by substitution of harmful substances. This themed issue can be considered as collection of highlights within the field of Natural Polymers and Biobased Polymers which clearly demonstrate the increased interest in this field. We hope that this will inspire researchers to further develop this area and thus contribute to futures more sustainable society.”

Research & information: general --- imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer --- imine --- epoxide --- amine --- thermoset --- bio-based --- biobased epoxy --- cardanol --- cationic photocuring --- microfibrillated cellulose --- biobased composites --- sustainable materials --- biomass --- green chemistry --- mechanims --- humins --- epoxy resins --- thermosets --- kinetics --- ring-opening --- biobased --- polyurethane foam --- catalyst --- polycarbonates --- furan-maleimide --- Diels-Alder --- fatty acids --- melt extrusion --- 3D printing --- cellulose nanofibrils --- biocomposite filaments --- physical property --- drained and undrained peatlands --- peats --- humic acids --- thermal --- paramagnetic and optical properties --- acetylated starch --- etherified starch --- chemical composition --- macromolecular characteristics --- surface characterization --- lignin --- fractionation --- biobased polymers --- solvent extraction --- membrane-assisted ultrafiltration --- plant oil-based monomers --- mixed micelles --- methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex --- emulsion polymerization --- nanocellulose --- polymer --- coating --- textile --- adhesion --- biobased monomer --- photoinduced-polymerization --- eugenol-derived methacrylate --- bacterial cellulose --- alginate --- gelatin --- curcumin --- biomaterials --- chitosan --- silane coupling agent --- microfiber --- crosslinking --- mechanical strength --- block copolymers --- renewable resources --- RAFT --- alkyl lactate --- PSA --- terpenoid --- exo-methylene --- conjugated diene --- renewable monomer --- biobased polymer --- radical polymerization --- copolymerization --- living radical polymerization --- RAFT polymerization --- heat-resistant polymer