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Book
The great demographic illusion : majority, minority, and the expanding American mainstream
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ISBN: 0691202117 Year: 2020 Publisher: Princeton : Princeton University Press,


Book
The five million year odyssey : the human journey from ape to agriculture
Author:
ISBN: 069123633X Year: 2022 Publisher: Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press,

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Abstract

The epic story of human evolution, from our primate beginnings more than five million years ago to the agricultural eraOver the course of five million years, our primate ancestors evolved from a modest population of sub-Saharan apes into the globally dominant species Homo sapiens. Along the way, humans became incredibly diverse in appearance, language, and culture. How did all of this happen? In The Five-Million-Year Odyssey, Peter Bellwood synthesizes research from archaeology, biology, anthropology, and linguistics to immerse us in the saga of human evolution, from the earliest traces of our hominin forebears in Africa, through waves of human expansion across the continents, and to the rise of agriculture and explosive demographic growth around the world.Bellwood presents our modern diversity as a product of both evolution, which led to the emergence of the genus Homo approximately 2.5 million years ago, and migration, which carried humans into new environments. He introduces us to the ancient hominins—including the australopithecines, Homo erectus, the Neanderthals, and others—before turning to the appearance of Homo sapiens circa 300,000 years ago and subsequent human movement into Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Bellwood then explores the invention of agriculture, which enabled farmers to disperse to new territories over the last 10,000 years, facilitating the spread of language families and cultural practices. The outcome is now apparent in our vast array of contemporary ethnicities, linguistic systems, and customs.The fascinating origin story of our varied human existence, The Five-Million-Year Odyssey underscores the importance of recognizing our shared genetic heritage to appreciate what makes us so diverse.

Keywords

Human evolution. --- Acheulean. --- Agriculture (Chinese mythology). --- Agriculture. --- Ancient DNA. --- Ancient Egypt. --- Archaeological site. --- Archaeology. --- Asceticism. --- Asian people. --- Australopithecine. --- Austronesian languages. --- Bantu languages. --- Body hair. --- Borneo. --- Brain size. --- Bronze Age. --- Burial. --- Cahokia. --- Chert. --- Common chimpanzee. --- Common descent. --- Defensive wall. --- Denisovan. --- Dentition. --- Domestication. --- Early Pleistocene. --- East Africa. --- Ebla. --- Epidemic. --- Etruscan civilization. --- Eurasian (mixed ancestry). --- Fertile Crescent. --- Himachal Pradesh. --- Holocene. --- Hominini. --- Homo erectus. --- Homo habilis. --- Homo sapiens. --- Homo. --- Hunter-gatherer. --- Indo-European Languages. --- Indo-Iranian languages. --- Indonesia. --- Interglacial. --- Jebel Irhoud. --- Joseph Greenberg. --- Khoikhoi. --- Land. --- Language family. --- Late Pleistocene. --- Le Moustier. --- Legume. --- Lime plaster. --- Literature. --- Maharashtra. --- Maize. --- Material culture. --- Mating. --- Mesolithic. --- Metallurgy. --- Middle Pleistocene. --- Molecular clock. --- Monsoon. --- Neanderthal. --- Neolithic. --- New Guinea. --- Nile. --- Northern Australia. --- Oldowan. --- Paleoanthropology. --- Pastoralism. --- Permafrost. --- Philippines. --- Plate tectonics. --- Pleistocene. --- Pliocene. --- Polar regions of Earth. --- Polynesia. --- Polynesians. --- Population growth. --- Pottery. --- Pre-Pottery Neolithic. --- Prehistory. --- Saint. --- Sediment. --- Semi-arid climate. --- South Asia. --- Southeast Asia. --- Stone tool. --- Sub-Saharan Africa. --- Sulawesi. --- Sunflower seed. --- Supply (economics). --- Supraorbital ridge. --- Swanscombe. --- Technology. --- Upper Paleolithic. --- Vietnam. --- Western Europe. --- Younger Dryas.


Book
Going the distance : Eurasian trade and the rise of the business corporation, 1400-1700
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ISBN: 0691185808 Year: 2020 Publisher: Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press,

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Before the seventeenth century, trade across Eurasia was mostly conducted in short segments along the Silk Route and Indian Ocean. Business was organized in family firms, merchant networks, and state-owned enterprises, and dominated by Chinese, Indian, and Arabic traders. However, around 1600 the first two joint-stock corporations, the English and Dutch East India Companies, were established. Going the Distance tells the story of overland and maritime trade without Europeans, of European Cape Route trade without corporations, and of how new, large-scale, and impersonal organizations arose in Europe to control long-distance trade for more than three centuries. Ron Harris shows that by 1700, the scene and methods for global trade had dramatically changed: Dutch and English merchants shepherded goods directly from China and India to northwestern Europe. To understand this transformation, Harris compares the organizational forms used in four major regions: China, India, the Middle East, and Western Europe. The English and Dutch were the last to leap into Eurasian trade, and they innovated in order to compete. They raised capital from passive investors through impersonal stock markets and their joint-stock corporations deployed more capital, ships, and agents to deliver goods from their origins to consumers. Going the Distance explores the history behind a cornerstone of the modern economy, and how this organizational revolution contributed to the formation of global trade and the creation of the business corporation as a key factor in Europe's economic rise.

Keywords

Corporations --- History. --- Eurasia --- Commerce --- Economic conditions. --- Accounting. --- Arabian Sea. --- Arabs. --- Armenians. --- British Empire. --- Business Activities. --- Cairo Geniza. --- Calculation. --- Caravanserai. --- Case study. --- Central Asia. --- Central Europe. --- China. --- Civilization. --- Commodity. --- Confucianism. --- Corporation. --- Creditor. --- Currency. --- Dividend. --- Dutch East India Company. --- Eastern Mediterranean. --- Economic development. --- Economics. --- Entrepreneurship. --- Ethnic group. --- Eurasia. --- Eurasian (mixed ancestry). --- Europe. --- Exchange rate. --- Exit Option. --- Expense. --- Expropriation. --- Fugger. --- Fujian. --- Fustat. --- General partnership. --- Governance. --- Guangzhou. --- Gujarat. --- Income. --- Indian Ocean trade. --- Indian Ocean. --- Indonesia. --- Infrastructure. --- Institution. --- Investor. --- Islam. --- Jews. --- Joint venture. --- Joint-stock company. --- Jurist. --- Legal history. --- Levant Company. --- Limited partnership. --- Literature. --- Livorno. --- Lock-in (decision-making). --- Longevity. --- Malabar Coast. --- Merchant. --- Middle East. --- Mongols. --- Muziris. --- New Julfa. --- North Africa. --- Organizational structure. --- Ottoman Empire. --- Ownership. --- Partnership. --- Passive investor. --- Payment. --- Principal–agent problem. --- Quanzhou. --- Receipt. --- Roman Law. --- Routledge. --- Shareholder. --- Silk Road. --- Song dynasty. --- South India. --- Southeast Asia. --- Spice trade. --- Sri Lanka. --- Stock market. --- Stock trader. --- Supply (economics). --- Syndicate. --- Tax. --- Technology. --- Trade route. --- Turpan. --- Usury. --- Wealth. --- Western Asia. --- Western Europe. --- Writing. --- Yuan dynasty. --- Zheng (state). --- Zheng He.

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