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Pregnancy is a viewed as a window to future health. With the birth of the developmental origins of human adult disease hypothesis, research and clinical practice has turned its attention to the influence of maternal factors such as health and lifestyle surrounding pregnancy as a means to understand and prevent the inter-generational inheritance of chronic disease susceptibility. Outcomes during pregnancy have long-lasting impacts on both women on children. Moreover, nutrition early in life can influence growth and the establishment of lifelong eating habits and behaviors. This Special Issue on “Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health” is intended to highlight new epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies that investigate maternal nutrition around the pregnancy period on maternal and infant outcomes. Submissions may include original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

education --- 6?-sialyllactose --- milk composition --- growth chart --- overweight and obesity --- body composition --- pregnant women --- prenatal intervention --- thermal control --- slow digesting carbohydrates --- postpartum --- vitamin B12 --- micronutrients --- passive immunization --- antibodies --- physiological body-weight loss --- obesity --- proteolysis --- energy --- infant formula --- adolescents --- pregnancy --- gestational weight gain intervention --- randomized clinical trial --- food photography --- metabolic rate --- infancy --- micronutrient deficiency --- restraint --- folate --- nutrition --- lactation --- basal maintenance expenditure --- milk oligosaccharides --- maternal nutrition --- disinhibition --- weight retention --- DNA sequencing --- neuroplasticity --- generalized linear models --- metabolic flexibility --- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease --- prematurity --- full breastfeeding --- food cravings --- transcriptome --- maternal diet quality --- Healthy Eating Index --- human milk --- gestational weight gain --- energy expenditure --- lifestyle intervention --- RDA --- immunological properties --- mindful eating --- insulin-resistant pregnancy --- nutritional intervention --- DNA methylation --- neurobiology --- total sugars --- fetal growth --- overweight --- fetal development --- energy intake --- hippocampus --- race --- maternal obesity --- early programming --- uncontrolled and emotional eating --- breast milk --- health --- hepatic lipogenesis --- eating behavior --- physical activity --- Pregnancy --- meal replacements --- premature delivery --- sialic acid --- diet quality --- cognitive development --- iron --- growth --- breastfeeding

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This Special Issue provides 15 research articles and 4 comprehensive review articles on various aspects of plant–metal/metalloid interactions. - Up-to-date information on plant responses to metals/metalloids are published. - Various mechanisms of plant tolerance to metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are presented. - Exogenous applications of mitigating metals’/metalloids’ toxicity are discussed. - Sustainable technologies in growing plants in metal/metalloid-contaminated environments are discussed. - Phytoremediation techniques for the remediation of metals/metalloids are discussed.

metal stress --- toxicity --- silicon --- Si-fertilization --- genomics --- transporter genes --- cadmium toxicity --- oxidative stress --- antioxidative defense system --- photosynthetic pigments --- environmental pollution --- phytoextraction --- cadmium --- biostimulation --- oxidative damage --- metal toxicity --- sulphur nutrition --- stress mitigation --- cation exchange capacity --- glutathione --- agriculture --- Cd stress --- environmental --- gene expression --- PGPB --- switchgrass --- P. fasciculatum --- heavy metals --- tolerant plant --- protein carbonylation --- photosynthesis proteins --- mining soils --- thiols --- phenolic metabolites --- organic acids --- lead --- castor beans --- citric acid --- antioxidant enzyme --- antioxidant system --- ethylene --- glyoxalase system --- photosynthesis --- proline metabolism --- zinc --- jute varieties --- copper stress --- phytoremediation --- bioaccumulation factor --- translocation factor --- growth --- copper toxicity --- micronutrient deficiency --- iron --- nicotianamine --- histidine --- Cu-chelation --- lead pollution --- antioxidants --- bentonite --- grain biochemistry --- biochar --- maize hybrids --- nickel --- nutrients --- translocation --- heavy metal --- reactive oxygen species --- oxidative burst --- Rhododendron arboreum --- Vigna radiata --- enzymes activity --- chromium (Cr) --- polyphenols --- abiotic stress --- antioxidant defense --- methylglyoxal --- organic acid --- ripening physiology --- silver --- chemical elicitors --- chili --- fibrous crop --- environmental pollutants --- morphological traits --- soil remediation --- chelating agents --- chromium --- wastewater --- sunflower --- biomass --- chlorophyll contents

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Malnutrition lurks in the background of hospitalized medical patients. A large proportion of patients are malnourished upon hospital admission and patients often experience further nutritional deterioration during their stay and during disease recovery. However, although the negative effects of malnutrition on the outcomes of patients are well recognized, we still struggle to identify appropriate patients and efficacious nutritional interventions to overcome this problem. Recent studies have produced convincing evidence that adequate and timely nutritional management of medical in-patients can contribute to the prevention of negative consequences and thus improve the clinical outcome of patients. This Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine focuses on multiple practical aspects of nutritional management of medical in-patients, from screening for nutritional risk to the practical implementation of nutritional therapy and its possible complications, including financial aspects, to increasing clinician awareness and knowledge of nutritional care in hospitals.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- type 1 diabetes mellitus --- bioelectrical impedance analysis --- phase angle --- children --- adolescents --- protein --- malnutrition --- critical care --- mortality --- outcomes --- hospital readmission --- ICU Survivors --- inflammation --- nutritional assessment --- biomarkers --- albumin --- prealbumin --- IGF-1 --- elderly --- prognostic marker --- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit --- enteral nutrition --- early parenteral nutrition --- critical illness --- iron --- copper --- selenium --- zinc --- thiamine --- vitamin B12 --- obesity --- glucose control --- hyperglycemia --- parenteral nutrition --- nutritional support --- insulin --- Geriatric patients --- older persons --- therapy --- interventions --- chronic critical illness --- Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS-2002) --- age --- nutrition --- vasopressors --- shock --- glucose --- diabetes --- underfeeding --- economic challenges --- nutritional management --- mid-arm muscle circumference --- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry --- computed tomography --- fat-free mass --- appendicular skeletal muscle mass --- lean soft tissue --- skeletal muscle index --- chronic disease --- old --- anorexia nervosa --- refeeding syndrome --- weight gain --- length of stay --- nutritional risk screening --- monitoring --- micronutrient deficiency --- oral nutritional supplements --- artificial nutrition --- gastroparesis --- dumping syndrome --- pathophysiology --- clinical presentation --- treatment --- nutritional therapy --- cancer --- cachexia --- sarcopenia --- survival --- nutritional support team --- efficacy --- metabolic syndrome --- insulin resistance --- dietary pattern --- carbohydrates --- fat --- indirect calorimetry --- indirect calorimeter --- resting energy expenditure --- nutrition therapy --- medical nutrition therapy --- intensive care unit --- intermediate care unit --- critically ill patients --- nutritional counselling --- nursing --- e-counselling --- dehydration --- dysphagia --- fluid intake --- water --- cirrhosis --- ascites --- sarcopenic obesity --- vitamins --- micronutrients --- all-in-one parenteral admixture --- compatibility --- stability --- pharmaceutical expertise --- drug admixing --- drug administration --- hospital --- nutrition care --- continuity of care --- process indicators --- benchmarking --- disease related malnutrition. --- diagnosis --- management --- hypophosphatemia --- type 1 diabetes mellitus --- bioelectrical impedance analysis --- phase angle --- children --- adolescents --- protein --- malnutrition --- critical care --- mortality --- outcomes --- hospital readmission --- ICU Survivors --- inflammation --- nutritional assessment --- biomarkers --- albumin --- prealbumin --- IGF-1 --- elderly --- prognostic marker --- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit --- enteral nutrition --- early parenteral nutrition --- critical illness --- iron --- copper --- selenium --- zinc --- thiamine --- vitamin B12 --- obesity --- glucose control --- hyperglycemia --- parenteral nutrition --- nutritional support --- insulin --- Geriatric patients --- older persons --- therapy --- interventions --- chronic critical illness --- Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS-2002) --- age --- nutrition --- vasopressors --- shock --- glucose --- diabetes --- underfeeding --- economic challenges --- nutritional management --- mid-arm muscle circumference --- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry --- computed tomography --- fat-free mass --- appendicular skeletal muscle mass --- lean soft tissue --- skeletal muscle index --- chronic disease --- old --- anorexia nervosa --- refeeding syndrome --- weight gain --- length of stay --- nutritional risk screening --- monitoring --- micronutrient deficiency --- oral nutritional supplements --- artificial nutrition --- gastroparesis --- dumping syndrome --- pathophysiology --- clinical presentation --- treatment --- nutritional therapy --- cancer --- cachexia --- sarcopenia --- survival --- nutritional support team --- efficacy --- metabolic syndrome --- insulin resistance --- dietary pattern --- carbohydrates --- fat --- indirect calorimetry --- indirect calorimeter --- resting energy expenditure --- nutrition therapy --- medical nutrition therapy --- intensive care unit --- intermediate care unit --- critically ill patients --- nutritional counselling --- nursing --- e-counselling --- dehydration --- dysphagia --- fluid intake --- water --- cirrhosis --- ascites --- sarcopenic obesity --- vitamins --- micronutrients --- all-in-one parenteral admixture --- compatibility --- stability --- pharmaceutical expertise --- drug admixing --- drug administration --- hospital --- nutrition care --- continuity of care --- process indicators --- benchmarking --- disease related malnutrition. --- diagnosis --- management --- hypophosphatemia

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Malnutrition lurks in the background of hospitalized medical patients. A large proportion of patients are malnourished upon hospital admission and patients often experience further nutritional deterioration during their stay and during disease recovery. However, although the negative effects of malnutrition on the outcomes of patients are well recognized, we still struggle to identify appropriate patients and efficacious nutritional interventions to overcome this problem. Recent studies have produced convincing evidence that adequate and timely nutritional management of medical in-patients can contribute to the prevention of negative consequences and thus improve the clinical outcome of patients. This Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine focuses on multiple practical aspects of nutritional management of medical in-patients, from screening for nutritional risk to the practical implementation of nutritional therapy and its possible complications, including financial aspects, to increasing clinician awareness and knowledge of nutritional care in hospitals.

type 1 diabetes mellitus --- bioelectrical impedance analysis --- phase angle --- children --- adolescents --- protein --- malnutrition --- critical care --- mortality --- outcomes --- hospital readmission --- ICU Survivors --- inflammation --- nutritional assessment --- biomarkers --- albumin --- prealbumin --- IGF-1 --- elderly --- prognostic marker --- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit --- enteral nutrition --- early parenteral nutrition --- critical illness --- iron --- copper --- selenium --- zinc --- thiamine --- vitamin B12 --- obesity --- glucose control --- hyperglycemia --- parenteral nutrition --- nutritional support --- insulin --- Geriatric patients --- older persons --- therapy --- interventions --- chronic critical illness --- Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS-2002) --- age --- nutrition --- vasopressors --- shock --- glucose --- diabetes --- underfeeding --- economic challenges --- nutritional management --- mid-arm muscle circumference --- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry --- computed tomography --- fat-free mass --- appendicular skeletal muscle mass --- lean soft tissue --- skeletal muscle index --- chronic disease --- old --- anorexia nervosa --- refeeding syndrome --- weight gain --- length of stay --- nutritional risk screening --- monitoring --- micronutrient deficiency --- oral nutritional supplements --- artificial nutrition --- gastroparesis --- dumping syndrome --- pathophysiology --- clinical presentation --- treatment --- nutritional therapy --- cancer --- cachexia --- sarcopenia --- survival --- nutritional support team --- efficacy --- metabolic syndrome --- insulin resistance --- dietary pattern --- carbohydrates --- fat --- indirect calorimetry --- indirect calorimeter --- resting energy expenditure --- nutrition therapy --- medical nutrition therapy --- intensive care unit --- intermediate care unit --- critically ill patients --- nutritional counselling --- nursing --- e-counselling --- dehydration --- dysphagia --- fluid intake --- water --- cirrhosis --- ascites --- sarcopenic obesity --- vitamins --- micronutrients --- all-in-one parenteral admixture --- compatibility --- stability --- pharmaceutical expertise --- drug admixing --- drug administration --- hospital --- nutrition care --- continuity of care --- process indicators --- benchmarking --- disease related malnutrition. --- diagnosis --- management --- hypophosphatemia --- n/a