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This book highlights novel nano-engineering advances that enable enhanced bone formation at the implant/biomaterial and bone tissue interface, towards bone tissue engineering applications. Spanning a variety of biomaterial categories, from nanofibrous scaffolds (natural and synthetic) to the nanoscale modification of metallic implants, novel bioactive and therapeutic modifications have made it possible to enhance new bone formation, which could be particularly useful for the management of compromised sites.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing

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This book highlights novel nano-engineering advances that enable enhanced bone formation at the implant/biomaterial and bone tissue interface, towards bone tissue engineering applications. Spanning a variety of biomaterial categories, from nanofibrous scaffolds (natural and synthetic) to the nanoscale modification of metallic implants, novel bioactive and therapeutic modifications have made it possible to enhance new bone formation, which could be particularly useful for the management of compromised sites.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- human tooth powder --- bioceramics --- biocompatibility --- bone regeneration --- vascularization --- nano-composite --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- bone implants --- powder metallurgy --- calcium orthophosphates --- nano-hydroxyapatite --- eggshell --- cuttlefish bone --- mussel shell --- amorphous calcium carbonate --- hydrogel --- tissue engineering --- biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticle (BCP-NP) --- biodegradable --- gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) --- visible light --- inorganic nanomaterials --- nano hydroxyapatites --- nano silica --- metallic nanomaterials --- magnesium and its alloys --- hydroxyapatite --- surface modifications --- titanium implants --- corrosion analysis --- bioactivity --- biomaterial --- bone substitute --- apatite --- microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis --- microgeometry --- mechanobiology --- global DNA methylation --- osteoblast mechanosensing --- n/a

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In present book, an analysis of the literature pertaining to parametric and non-parametric descriptions of surface topography in basics manufacturing processes (e.g., turning, milling, grinding) has been performed. The book focuses on the improvement of machining processes, with particular attention to the functional properties of surfaces, and, also, in the control of process parameters by a selected group of parameters. Here, the specific areas of interest are: surface topography analysis; advanced manufacturing metrology; surface metrology; measurement science; and measurement systems. The proposed approach of the description of surface for the functional properties of surfaces leads to the control of the whole manufacturing process, reduction of production cost by eliminating manufacturing defects and energy consumption, as well as the improvements of surface quality. The study presented in the book is a compendium of knowledge regarding surface metrology and emerging aim in a novel scientific approach.

Technology: general issues --- profile --- two-process surface --- correlation length --- austenitization --- cryogenic --- microstructure --- microhardness --- abrasive wear --- tempering --- thermoplastic polyurethane --- heat-welded V-belt --- IR thermography --- hardness --- surface roughness --- SEM morphology --- optical microscopy --- machining --- sintered aluminum --- 3D surface roughness parameters --- surface defects --- contact profilometry --- surface topography --- thermal disturbance --- thermal expansion --- thermal chamber --- micro turning --- material removal rate --- RSM --- Ti6Al4V alloy --- tool wear --- surface texture --- anisotropy --- multiscale --- roping --- ridging --- topography --- autocorrelation function --- roughness --- EDM --- craters --- multiscale analysis --- microgeometry --- bimodal distribution --- material ratio --- parameters --- fiber-reinforced polymers --- automated fiber placement --- path planning --- abrasive water jet machining --- cutting kerf --- soda–lime glass --- radius of the cutting head trajectory --- quality --- contact mechanics --- equivalent sum rough surface --- β-phase TNTZ alloy --- nano-finishing --- magnetic abrasive finishing --- material removal --- optimization --- parametric appraisal --- circulated coins --- surface condition --- optical methods --- measurements and analysis --- mechanical engineering --- roughness analysis --- high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) --- texture feature descriptors --- texture image classification --- support vector machine (SVM) --- electroplated grinding wheel --- grinding wheel wear --- grinding wheel surface texture --- n/a --- soda-lime glass

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The Special Issue Machining—Recent Advances, Applications and Challenges is intended as a humble collection of some of the hottest topics in machining. The manufacturing industry is a varying and challenging environment where new advances emerge from one day to another. In recent years, new manufacturing procedures have retained increasing attention from the industrial and scientific community. However, machining still remains the key operation to achieve high productivity and precision for high-added value parts. Continuous research is performed, and new ideas are constantly considered. This Special Issue summarizes selected high-quality papers which were submitted, peer-reviewed, and recommended by experts. It covers some (but not only) of the following topics: High performance operations for difficult-to-cut alloys, wrought and cast materials, light alloys, ceramics, etc.; Cutting tools, grades, substrates and coatings. Wear damage; Advanced cooling in machining: Minimum quantity of lubricant, dry or cryogenics; Modelling, focused on the reduction of risks, the process outcome, and to maintain surface integrity; Vibration problems in machines: Active and passive/predictive methods, sources, diagnosis and avoidance; Influence of machining in new concepts of machine–tool, and machine static and dynamic behaviors; Machinability of new composites, brittle and emerging materials; Assisted machining processes by high-pressure, laser, US, and others; Introduction of new analytics and decision making into machining programming. We wish to thank the reviewers and staff from Materials for their comments, advice, suggestions and invaluable support during the development of this Special Issue.

in situ estimation --- modeling --- simulation --- variable pitch --- X-ray diffraction --- cutting edge preparation --- plastic zone --- flank milling --- surface roughness --- power consumption --- cutting tool --- fatigue --- additive manufacturing --- optimization --- trochoidal step --- surface topography --- sinusoidal grid --- milling --- desirability approach --- electrochemical discharge machining --- fast simulation --- Inconel 718 --- secondary adhesion wear --- machinability --- hybrid stacks drilling --- cooling rate --- shape memory alloy --- residual stress --- diameter variation --- turning --- computer vision --- workholding --- on-machine monitoring --- chip morphology --- dry-cutting --- turning machine tools --- SACE-drilled hole depth --- residual stresses --- cryogenic machining --- prime machining costs --- PVD Ti0.41Al0.59N/Ti0.55Al0.45N coating --- single point incremental sheet forming --- butt weld joint --- dish angle --- machining characteristic --- DSC test --- segmented diamond blade --- cutting tool wear --- ultra-precision machining --- ceramics --- shape memory effect --- current density --- fractal dimension --- crack growth rate --- drilling --- force–temperature correlation through analytical modeling --- finite element model --- analytic solution --- aluminium --- taguchi method --- multi-objective optimization --- real-time prediction --- Gamma-TiAl --- cutting temperature --- EN 31 steel --- superalloys --- material-removal rate --- glass machining --- corner radius --- thin-wall machining --- vibration --- GPU --- titanium aluminides --- minimum quantity lubrication --- machining temperatures at two deformation zones --- finite element method --- roughness --- slight materials --- high computational efficiency --- dynamic --- adhesive --- heat transfer analysis --- connections --- stability --- vibrations --- trochoidal milling --- magnesium alloys --- specific cutting energy --- laser-assisted machining --- artificial neutral network --- microscopic analysis --- Milling stability --- topography --- weight loss --- modal testing --- sustainable machining --- dry --- damping --- ductile machining --- Inconel® 718 --- modelling --- cutting edge microgeometry --- electropulsing --- PCD --- cutting geometry --- fixture --- artificial neural networks --- spark-assisted chemical engraving --- machining --- specific energy consumption --- heat transfer search algorithm --- material removal rate --- prediction --- CFRP/UNS A92024 --- tool wear --- titanium alloy --- multi-beam laser --- chip compression ratio --- design of experiments --- concrete --- ANN --- titanium --- chatter --- response surface methodology --- machine tool --- superelastic nitinol --- optimal machining conditions --- machine vision --- steel sheet --- cutting process --- fracture mechanism --- self-excitation --- tool insert condition --- induction assisted milling --- hole quality --- GA --- titanium alloys --- microlens array --- parameter identification --- Taguchi method --- weld reinforcement --- slow tool servo --- cutting parameters --- flank super abrasive machining (SAM) --- stiffness properties --- grey relational analysis --- deflection --- computer numerical control --- grain density --- surface grinding --- the cutting force components --- Huber–Mises stress --- WEDM