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Pulsed lasers are lasers with a single laser pulse width of less than 0.25 s, operating only once in every certain time interval. Commonly used pulsed lasers are nanosecond, femtosecond, and picosecond lasers. A pulsed laser produces short pulses with a short interaction time with the material, which can largely avoid impact on the thermal movement of molecules and has a minimal thermal impact on the surrounding materials, thus having significant advantages in precision microfabrication. It is now widely used in flexible electronics, chips, medicine, and other fields, such as photographic resin curing, microwelding, vision correction, heart stent manufacturing, etc. However, as an emerging processing technology, the application prospects of pulsed lasers have yet to be fully expanded, and there is still a need to continuously explore the mechanisms of interaction with materials, to manufacture advanced functional structures, and to develop advanced process technologies.

wettability --- electrodes --- laser structuring --- spread area --- electrolyte --- wetting time --- oxide dispersion strengthened steel --- ODS Eurofer --- laser welding --- microstructure --- EBSD --- laser diodes --- pulsed and continuous wave (cw) regimes --- medical applications --- dermatology --- laryngology --- laser micro-cutting --- PI film --- contact spacer --- tactile sensor --- laser surface texturing --- hardness --- Zr-based metallic glass --- laser processing --- PET film --- transparent polymer --- temperature field --- ultraviolet nanosecond pulse laser --- laser photothermal ablation --- n/a

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Metal manufacturing is a fundamental and indispensable technology in the processing of raw metals into desired products, which significantly promotes the development of industry and society overall. This book presents original research and a state of the art review of contemporary metal manufacturing processes, especially in the modeling, optimization, and design of the manufacturing processes. This book covers topics such as machine learning algorithms in manufacturing metal products, the fabrication and optimization of mechanical properties of metals, and numerical simulations and experiments in the machining of metals. The book presents some essential theories and successful manufacturing techniques for the low-cost and highly efficient production of metals.

Business strategy --- Manufacturing industries --- machine learning --- reinforcement learning --- Q-learning --- steelmaking process CAS-OB --- decision-support system --- optimisation algorithm --- 3D auxetic structures --- selective laser melting --- micro assembled --- structural surface layer model --- A380 alloy --- Ca --- AlFeSi phase --- refine --- micro-cutting --- grain size --- surface integrity --- cutting forces --- chip formation --- OFHC copper C102 --- amorphous alloys --- Fe-based amorphous alloys --- difficult-to-machine --- assisted machining --- high-frequency PCB --- drilling --- coating technology --- tool wear --- hot filament chemical vapor deposition --- PCBN tool --- gray cast iron --- surface quality --- temperature prediction --- weighted regularized extreme learning machine --- just-in-time learning --- sample similarities --- variable correlations --- tool edge preparation --- orthogonal cutting --- numerical simulation --- ANOVA --- temperature --- stress --- ECAP --- metallic materials --- processing parameters --- deformation mechanism --- n/a