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The successful commercialization of advanced energy devices, including fuel cells and solar cells (e.g., dye-sensitized solar cells) is somewhat dependent on the cost, activity and durability of the electrocatalysts. Nowadays, precious metal electrodes are the most widely used. Accordingly, the manufacturing costs are relatively high, which constrains wide application. Recently, some reports have introduced some promising non-precious electrocatalysts to be exploited in both oxidation and reduction reactions. It was concluded that immobilization of the functional material on a proper support can distinctly improve catalytic activity. Moreover, due to the synergetic effect, metallic alloy nanoparticles show very good electrocatalytic activity in this regard. This Special Issue aims to cover the most recent progress and the advances in the field of the immobilized non-precious electrocatalysts. This includes, but is not limited to, non-precious electrocatalysts for alcohol (methanol, ethanol, etc.) oxidation, oxygen reduction reaction and electrolyte reduction in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- electrocatalysts --- bifunctional catalyst --- graphene --- dopants --- oxygen reduction reaction --- glassy carbon electrode --- metalloporphyrins --- Green Hydrogen --- SO2 electrolysis --- Westinghouse cycle --- carbon shell --- metallosupramolecular polymer --- hollow particles --- doping --- ethanol oxidation reaction --- palladium --- hollow carbon sphere --- alkaline medium --- dye sensitized solar cell --- SnO2-decorated graphene oxide --- counter electrode --- solar energy --- N, O-codoping --- polydopamine --- oxygen reduction --- oxygen evolution --- bifunctional --- electroactive surface area --- electrospinning --- Sn-incorporated Ni/C nanofibers --- Methanol --- Urea --- Cu3.8Ni-nanoalloy --- carbon nanofibers (NFs) --- urea oxidation --- fuel cells --- bilirubin oxidase --- direct electron transfer --- mediated electron transfer --- osmium polymer --- n/a

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The successful commercialization of advanced energy devices, including fuel cells and solar cells (e.g., dye-sensitized solar cells) is somewhat dependent on the cost, activity and durability of the electrocatalysts. Nowadays, precious metal electrodes are the most widely used. Accordingly, the manufacturing costs are relatively high, which constrains wide application. Recently, some reports have introduced some promising non-precious electrocatalysts to be exploited in both oxidation and reduction reactions. It was concluded that immobilization of the functional material on a proper support can distinctly improve catalytic activity. Moreover, due to the synergetic effect, metallic alloy nanoparticles show very good electrocatalytic activity in this regard. This Special Issue aims to cover the most recent progress and the advances in the field of the immobilized non-precious electrocatalysts. This includes, but is not limited to, non-precious electrocatalysts for alcohol (methanol, ethanol, etc.) oxidation, oxygen reduction reaction and electrolyte reduction in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- electrocatalysts --- bifunctional catalyst --- graphene --- dopants --- oxygen reduction reaction --- glassy carbon electrode --- metalloporphyrins --- Green Hydrogen --- SO2 electrolysis --- Westinghouse cycle --- carbon shell --- metallosupramolecular polymer --- hollow particles --- doping --- ethanol oxidation reaction --- palladium --- hollow carbon sphere --- alkaline medium --- dye sensitized solar cell --- SnO2-decorated graphene oxide --- counter electrode --- solar energy --- N, O-codoping --- polydopamine --- oxygen reduction --- oxygen evolution --- bifunctional --- electroactive surface area --- electrospinning --- Sn-incorporated Ni/C nanofibers --- Methanol --- Urea --- Cu3.8Ni-nanoalloy --- carbon nanofibers (NFs) --- urea oxidation --- fuel cells --- bilirubin oxidase --- direct electron transfer --- mediated electron transfer --- osmium polymer

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New carbon materials with improved mechanical, electrical, chemical, and optical properties are predicted and considered to be very promising for practical application. Carbon-based materials in the form of films, fabrics, aerogels, or microstructural materials are known for their large surface areas and pore volumes, light weight, and a great variety of structural morphology. Such unique structures can then be employed for a variety of purposes, for example, the production of new electronic devices, energy storage, and the fabrication of new materials. Nowadays, clear understanding of carbon materials via several examples of synthesis/processing methodologies and properties characterization is required. This Special Issue, “Carbon-Based Materials”, addresses the current state regarding the production and investigation of carbon-based materials. It consists of 13 peer-reviewed papers that cover both theoretical and experimental works in a wide a range of subjects on carbon structures.

carbon nanowalls --- plasma synthesis --- growth mechanism --- deposition speed --- deposition parameters --- deposition temperature --- reduced graphene oxide --- nitrogen-doping --- chemical vapor deposition --- physicochemical properties --- optical properties --- electrical conductivity --- graphite platelet coatings --- LDPE --- thermal expansion coefficient --- thermoresistive properties --- graphene oxide --- organosilanes --- grafting --- solid state NMR --- XRD --- ESR --- carbon nanotube bundle --- plane strain conditions --- lateral compression --- equilibrium structure --- thermal stability --- chain model --- single crystal diamond --- Homoepitaxy growth --- 300 torr --- graphene --- one-side modification --- hydrogenation --- fluorination --- chlorination --- CVD mosaic --- surface morphology --- substrates --- energy gap --- Dirac velocity --- mechanical deformation --- critical charge --- supercharged impurity --- resonant scattering --- coordination --- metallosupramolecular polymer --- active site --- carbon materials --- oxygen reduction reaction --- high volatile coking coal --- boron carbide --- coking behavior --- chemical structure --- coke quality --- crumpled graphene --- Ni-graphene composite --- hydrogen --- molecular dynamics --- storage media --- nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes --- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) --- palladium --- chromium removal --- Ni–graphene composite --- mechanical properties

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This Special Issue is one of the first for the new MDPI flagship journal Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549) which has a broad remit for publishing original research in all areas of chemistry. The theme of this issue is Supramolecular Chemistry in the 3rd Millennium and I am sure that this topic will attract many exciting contributions. We chose this topic because it encompasses the unity of contemporary pluridisciplinary science, in which organic, inorganic, physical and theoretical chemists work together with molecular biologists and physicists to develop a systems-level understanding of molecular interactions. The description of supramolecular chemistry as ‘chemistry beyond the molecule’ (Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Lecture and Gautam R. Desiraju, Nature, 2001, 412, 397) addresses the wide variety of weak, non-covalent interactions that are the basis for the assembly of supramolecular architectures, molecular receptors and molecular recognition, programed molecular systems, dynamic combinatorial libraries, coordination networks and functional supramolecular materials. We welcome submissions from all disciplines involved in this exciting and evolving area of science.

Technology: general issues --- anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host–guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host–guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal–organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N′,N″,N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs --- n/a --- host-guest chemistry --- host-guest interaction --- metal-organic cage --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide

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• Reference Manager
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This Special Issue is one of the first for the new MDPI flagship journal Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549) which has a broad remit for publishing original research in all areas of chemistry. The theme of this issue is Supramolecular Chemistry in the 3rd Millennium and I am sure that this topic will attract many exciting contributions. We chose this topic because it encompasses the unity of contemporary pluridisciplinary science, in which organic, inorganic, physical and theoretical chemists work together with molecular biologists and physicists to develop a systems-level understanding of molecular interactions. The description of supramolecular chemistry as ‘chemistry beyond the molecule’ (Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Lecture and Gautam R. Desiraju, Nature, 2001, 412, 397) addresses the wide variety of weak, non-covalent interactions that are the basis for the assembly of supramolecular architectures, molecular receptors and molecular recognition, programed molecular systems, dynamic combinatorial libraries, coordination networks and functional supramolecular materials. We welcome submissions from all disciplines involved in this exciting and evolving area of science.

Technology: general issues --- anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host-guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host-guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal-organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs