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The general objective of this thesis was to explore the potential of in-situ H2O removal during fuel-related synthesis reactions with focus on in-situ H2O removal by hydrophilic membranes and by chemical reaction. It is demonstrated that in-situ H2O removal through vapour permeation during CO2 hydrogenation to Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons and during DME/DEE synthesis leads to increased conversion and yield levels, which are directly linked to the degree of H2O recovery.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis --- H2O removal --- membrane reactor --- water gas shift reaction --- CO2 hydrogenation
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This Special Issue is aimed at highlighting the potentialities of membrane and membrane reactor operations in various sectors of chemical engineering, based on application of the process intensification strategy. In all of the contributions, the principles of process intensification were pursued during the adoption of membrane technology, demonstrating how it may lead to the development of redesigned processes that are more compact and efficient while also being more environmental friendly, energy saving, and amenable to integration with other green processes. This Special Issue comprises a number of experimental and theoretical studies dealing with the application of membrane and membrane reactor technology in various scientific fields of chemical engineering, such as membrane distillation for wastewater treatment, hydrogen production from reforming reactions via inorganic membrane and membrane photoassisted reactors, membrane desalination, gas/liquid phase membrane separation of CO2, and membrane filtration for the recovery of antioxidants from agricultural byproducts, contributing to valorization of the potentialities of membrane operations.
membrane configuration --- solar energy --- modeling --- gas/liquid separation --- wastewater treatment --- membrane distillation --- hydrogel composite membranes --- on-board --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- ethanol --- multivariate analysis --- membrane engineering --- micro channel --- two-phase flow --- advanced separations --- water splitting --- micro direct methanol fuel cell (µDMFC) --- ultrafiltration (UF) --- palladium --- ionic liquids membranes --- photocatalysis --- fouling renewable heat sources --- micro contactor --- porous membranes --- desalination --- clarification --- separator --- steam reforming --- membrane reactor --- methane --- photocatalytic membrane reactor --- Z-scheme --- orange press liquor --- CO2 conversion --- microfiltration (MF) --- Pd-based membrane
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This comprehensive reference work describes in an instructive manner the combination of different membrane operations such as enzyme membrane reactors (EMR's), microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF) and osmotic distillation (OD) is studied in order to identify their synergistic effects on the optimization of processes in agro-food productions (fruit juices, wines, milk and vegetable beverages) and wastewater treatments within the process intensification strategy. The introduction to integrated membrane operations is followed by applications in the several industries of the food sector, such as valorization of food processing streams, biocatalytic membrane reactors, and membrane emulsification.
Membranes (Technology) --- Membrane separation --- Membrane reactors. --- Food industry and trade. --- Filtration, Membrane --- Membrane filtration --- Separation, Membrane --- Separation (Technology) --- Artificial membranes --- Technology --- Food --- Food preparation industry --- Food processing --- Food processing industry --- Food technology --- Food trade --- Agricultural processing industries --- Processed foods --- Reactors, Membrane --- Bioreactors --- Industrial applications. --- Processing --- Beverage. --- Clean Techology. --- Enzyme Membrane Reactor. --- Food Industry. --- Food Production. --- Membrane. --- Microfiltration. --- Nanofiltration. --- Osmotic Distillation. --- Reverse Osmosis. --- Separation. --- Ultrafiltration.
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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
hydrides --- membrane --- Pd-Ag membranes --- electroless plating --- defect distribution --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- suspension plasma spraying --- chemical potential --- review --- grain boundary --- manufacturing --- palladium --- LOHC --- palladium alloy --- open architecture --- PdAg-membrane --- hydrogen permeation --- modelling --- membranes --- pore mouth size distribution --- MLLDP --- solubility --- closed architecture --- demonstration --- Pd-based membrane --- methanol steam reforming --- activity --- micro reactor --- microstructured --- hydrogen separation --- membrane reactors --- Pd alloy --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- gas to liquid --- dense Pd membrane --- propylene --- heat treatment --- surface characterization --- porous membrane --- multi-stage --- membrane reactor --- dehydrogenation --- hydrides --- membrane --- Pd-Ag membranes --- electroless plating --- defect distribution --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- suspension plasma spraying --- chemical potential --- review --- grain boundary --- manufacturing --- palladium --- LOHC --- palladium alloy --- open architecture --- PdAg-membrane --- hydrogen permeation --- modelling --- membranes --- pore mouth size distribution --- MLLDP --- solubility --- closed architecture --- demonstration --- Pd-based membrane --- methanol steam reforming --- activity --- micro reactor --- microstructured --- hydrogen separation --- membrane reactors --- Pd alloy --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- gas to liquid --- dense Pd membrane --- propylene --- heat treatment --- surface characterization --- porous membrane --- multi-stage --- membrane reactor --- dehydrogenation
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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
hydrides --- membrane --- Pd-Ag membranes --- electroless plating --- defect distribution --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- suspension plasma spraying --- chemical potential --- review --- grain boundary --- manufacturing --- palladium --- LOHC --- palladium alloy --- open architecture --- PdAg-membrane --- hydrogen permeation --- modelling --- membranes --- pore mouth size distribution --- MLLDP --- solubility --- closed architecture --- demonstration --- Pd-based membrane --- methanol steam reforming --- activity --- micro reactor --- microstructured --- hydrogen separation --- membrane reactors --- Pd alloy --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- gas to liquid --- dense Pd membrane --- propylene --- heat treatment --- surface characterization --- porous membrane --- multi-stage --- membrane reactor --- dehydrogenation
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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
hydrides --- membrane --- Pd-Ag membranes --- electroless plating --- defect distribution --- hydrogen --- hydrogen production --- suspension plasma spraying --- chemical potential --- review --- grain boundary --- manufacturing --- palladium --- LOHC --- palladium alloy --- open architecture --- PdAg-membrane --- hydrogen permeation --- modelling --- membranes --- pore mouth size distribution --- MLLDP --- solubility --- closed architecture --- demonstration --- Pd-based membrane --- methanol steam reforming --- activity --- micro reactor --- microstructured --- hydrogen separation --- membrane reactors --- Pd alloy --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- gas to liquid --- dense Pd membrane --- propylene --- heat treatment --- surface characterization --- porous membrane --- multi-stage --- membrane reactor --- dehydrogenation
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