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In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- wind energy conversion system --- distributed control --- battery energy storage system --- consensus algorithm --- photovoltaic --- voltage stability --- grid capacity --- penetration level --- frequency stability --- Egypt’s national grid --- renewable energies --- photovoltaic (PV) --- energy challenge --- policy options --- technological development --- market development --- battery storage --- concentrated solar power (CSP), installed capacity --- solar energy resources --- solar thermal plants --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- maximum power point (MPP) --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- perturbe and observe (P&amp --- O) --- incremental conductance (IC) --- off-shore wind farms --- wind farm aggregation --- admittance model order reduction --- HVDC diode rectifiers --- grid-forming wind turbines --- efficiency improvement --- photovoltaic inverters --- parallel inverters --- wind turbine emulator --- wind turbine energy systems --- photovoltaics --- two-stage grid-connected PV inverters --- reduced DC-link --- sensorless MPPT

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This book results from a Special Issue related to the latest progress in the thermodynamics of machines systems and processes since the premonitory work of Carnot. Carnot invented his famous cycle and generalized the efficiency concept for thermo-mechanical engines. Since that time, research progressed from the equilibrium approach to the irreversible situation that represents the general case. This book illustrates the present state-of-the-art advances after one or two centuries of consideration regarding applications and fundamental aspects. The research is moving fast in the direction of economic and environmental aspects. This will probably continue during the coming years. This book mainly highlights the recent focus on the maximum power of engines, as well as the corresponding first law efficiency upper bounds.

thermodynamics --- optimization --- entropy analysis --- Carnot engine --- modelling with time durations --- steady-state modelling --- transient conditions --- converter irreversibility --- sequential optimization --- Finite physical Dimensions Optimal Thermodynamics --- global efficiency --- energy efficiency --- heat engine --- heat pump --- utilization --- Carnot efficiency --- comparison --- thermal system --- cycle analysis --- second law of thermodynamics --- Clausius Statement --- theorem of the equivalence of transformations --- linear irreversible thermodynamics --- maximum power output --- maximum ecological Function --- maximum efficient power function --- enzymatic reaction model --- ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) --- plate heat exchanger --- finite-time thermodynamics --- heat transfer entropy --- entropy production --- new efficiency limits --- two-stage LNG compressor --- energy losses --- exergy destruction --- exergy efficiency --- Stirling cycle --- refrigerator --- heat exchanger --- second law --- n/a

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This book results from a Special Issue related to the latest progress in the thermodynamics of machines systems and processes since the premonitory work of Carnot. Carnot invented his famous cycle and generalized the efficiency concept for thermo-mechanical engines. Since that time, research progressed from the equilibrium approach to the irreversible situation that represents the general case. This book illustrates the present state-of-the-art advances after one or two centuries of consideration regarding applications and fundamental aspects. The research is moving fast in the direction of economic and environmental aspects. This will probably continue during the coming years. This book mainly highlights the recent focus on the maximum power of engines, as well as the corresponding first law efficiency upper bounds.

History of engineering & technology --- thermodynamics --- optimization --- entropy analysis --- Carnot engine --- modelling with time durations --- steady-state modelling --- transient conditions --- converter irreversibility --- sequential optimization --- Finite physical Dimensions Optimal Thermodynamics --- global efficiency --- energy efficiency --- heat engine --- heat pump --- utilization --- Carnot efficiency --- comparison --- thermal system --- cycle analysis --- second law of thermodynamics --- Clausius Statement --- theorem of the equivalence of transformations --- linear irreversible thermodynamics --- maximum power output --- maximum ecological Function --- maximum efficient power function --- enzymatic reaction model --- ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) --- plate heat exchanger --- finite-time thermodynamics --- heat transfer entropy --- entropy production --- new efficiency limits --- two-stage LNG compressor --- energy losses --- exergy destruction --- exergy efficiency --- Stirling cycle --- refrigerator --- heat exchanger --- second law

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Photovoltaic solar energy technology (PV) has been developing rapidly in the past decades, leading to a multi-billion-dollar global market. It is of paramount importance that PV systems function properly, which requires the generation of expected energy both for small-scale systems that consist of a few solar modules and for very large-scale systems containing millions of modules. This book increases the understanding of the issues relevant to PV system design and correlated performance; moreover, it contains research from scholars across the globe in the fields of data analysis and data mapping for the optimal performance of PV systems, faults analysis, various causes for energy loss, and design and integration issues. The chapters in this book demonstrate the importance of designing and properly monitoring photovoltaic systems in the field in order to ensure continued good performance.

fault diagnosis --- modeling --- simulation --- fault tree analysis --- photovoltaic system --- Bartlett’s test --- metaheuristic --- population density --- spatial analyses --- AC parameters --- parameter estimation --- fiber reinforced polymeric plastic (FRP) --- Hartigan’s dip test --- energy --- image processing --- real data --- photovoltaic (PV) systems monitoring --- forecast --- photovoltaic plants --- system --- graphical malfunction detection --- defects --- STATCOM --- photo-generated current --- performance analysis --- photovoltaic module performance --- solar energy --- urban context --- thermal interaction --- underdamped oscillation --- reliability --- membership algorithm --- photovoltaic systems --- availability --- fuzzy logic controller --- ANOVA --- solar farm --- energy yield --- cluster analysis --- photovoltaics --- annual yield --- residential buildings --- PV array --- PV system --- dc-dc converter --- quasi-opposition based learning --- grid-connected --- performance ratio --- organic soiling --- vegetated/green roof --- conventional roof membrane --- UV-fluorescence imaging --- PV thermal performance --- PV systems --- failure mode and effect analysis --- ageing and degradation of PV-modules --- sheet molding compound FRP --- Jarque-Bera’s test --- Tukey’s test --- technical costs --- Kruskal-Wallis’ test --- improved cuckoo search algorithm --- PV energy performance --- pultruded FRP --- cracks --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- structural design --- software development --- floating PV generation structure --- malfunction detection --- modules --- photovoltaic performance --- maximum power point --- GIS --- impedance spectroscopy --- floating PV systems (FPV) --- solar cells --- Renewable Energy --- loss analysis --- shade resilience --- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) --- failure detection --- optimization problem --- failure rates --- FCM algorithm --- stability analysis --- reactive power support --- mooring system --- buck converter --- Mood’s Median test --- photovoltaic modeling --- module architecture --- PV module --- data analysis --- partial shading --- opposition-based learning --- silicon --- floating PV module (FPVM) --- electroluminescence --- urban compactness

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Open-source electronics are becoming very popular, and are integrated with our daily educational and developmental activities. At present, the use open-source electronics for teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has become a global trend. Off-the-shelf embedded electronics such as Arduino- and Raspberry-compatible modules have been widely used for various applications, from do-it-yourself (DIY) to industrial projects. In addition to the growth of open-source software platforms, open-source electronics play an important role in narrowing the gap between prototyping and product development. Indeed, the technological and social impacts of open-source electronics in teaching, research, and innovation have been widely recognized.

distributed measurement systems --- open-source platform --- n/a --- FPGA --- technology convergence --- distributed energy resource --- vision system --- infrared --- DC/DC converter --- modified sliding window algorithm --- virtual sensor --- open platform --- context --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- ontology --- Python --- EPICS --- human-computer interface (HCI) --- visual algorithms --- open hardware --- automated vehicle --- interleaved --- electromyogram (EMG) --- sensor detection --- smart farming --- digital signal controllers --- blockchain --- PiCamera --- eye tracking --- smart cities --- Arduino --- smart converter --- OPC UA --- Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) --- wireless sensor networks --- Raspberry Pi --- BeagleBoard --- service learning --- embedded systems education --- individual management of livestock --- robotics --- sensor networks --- dsPIC --- thermal imaging --- photovoltaic (PV) system --- hardware trojan taxonomy --- science teaching --- side channel analysis --- coalition --- electrooculogram (EOG) --- automation networks --- robotic tool --- cloud computing --- Java --- industry 4.0 --- teaching robotics --- Digital Signal Processor (DSP) --- piecewise linear approximation (PLA) --- Internet of Things --- Cloud of Things --- STEM --- support vector regression --- cyber-physical systems --- interaction --- node-RED --- momentum data sensing --- remote sensing platform