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Stallion harassment and the mating system of horses.

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Article
Spacing pattern in a social group of stray cats: effects on male reproductive success.
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Year: 2004

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Reproductive consequences of male spacing patterns have received relatively little attention in nonterritorial mammals, in particular in group-living species, where most studies have focused on the relation between social rank and reproductive success. We investigated the effects of spacing pattern on male reproductive success within a social, nonterritorial, promiscuous population of stray cats, Felis catus. Male home ranges overlapped home ranges of many females, consistent with a promiscuous mating system. Furthermore, males with the largest home ranges included the most female home ranges; they successfully reproduced with these females and had the highest reproductive success. Home range size predicted male reproductive success even when controlling for the effect of social rank. However, males also reproduced with females whose home range did not overlap their home range, suggesting that males can make quick excursions outside their home range to find new mating opportunities. We conclude that, in group-living situations, a male's ability to maintain a large home range may be one of the principal causes of variation in mating success in the stray cat.


Article
Hormonal and Experiential Factors Influencing Parental Behavior in Male Rodents - An Integrative Approach.
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Year: 1993

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Parental behaviour in rodents has traditionally been modelled on studies of maternal behaviour in the female rat. Female parental behaviour is initiated by hormonal changes during pregnancy and parturition and by pup stimuli. Models of parental behaviour based on the neuroendocrine control of maternal behaviour are not appropriate for understanding male parental care. This paper examines seven factors which influence the initiation and maintenance of paternal behaviour in male rodents: (1) the mating system of the species; (2) the ecological conditions under which the animals live; (3) the male's social experience; (4) sexual experience and female stimuli; (5) pup stimuli; (6) hormonal changes in adult males in response to female and pup stimuli; and (7) neonatal hormone levels. The role of stimuli from the female and pups in activating the neuroendocrine changes which may facilitate the onset and maintenance of paternal behaviour is also described. The aim of the paper is to provide an integrative approach to the study of male parental care and to stimulate research on the hormonal and experiential factors underlying paternal behaviour in male rodents


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Current Advances and Challenges in Fisheries and Aquaculture Science: Feature Papers for the New Journey of Fishes
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This addresses current advances and challenges in fisheries and aquaculture science. Exposure of larval fish to elevated temperatures during embryological development may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations, which are suggested possible impacts of global warming. Molecular markers shed new light on the ontogenetic migration of stream fishes. Fast growth rates, early age at maturity, moderate fecundity, and diverse diet explain the potential for introduced fishes to dominate fish communities in their native and introduced range. Taking videos of marine benthic habitats supports low-impact, real-time monitoring of species occurrence. Among heavily fished species, almost half had outdated demographic assessments that would benefit from the integration of data from fisheries sources and improved collaboration among fishery stakeholders and managers. The continued growth of aquaculture will depend upon developing feeds that improve the growth, oxidative status, and immune response of fed cultured organisms. New aquaculture feedstuffs might be derived from plants or microbes, and new additives would include ghrelins and dietary symbiotics. The effects of these constituents on survival, growth, gut histomorphology, immune response were assessed for cultured freshwater and marine species. The results provide suggestions for advances in aquafeeds for the species studied and for cultured fishes more generally. The scientific advances realized with the use of new tools provide the basis for addressing global challenges to fisheries, aquaculture and for ongoing scientific research.


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Current Advances and Challenges in Fisheries and Aquaculture Science: Feature Papers for the New Journey of Fishes
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This addresses current advances and challenges in fisheries and aquaculture science. Exposure of larval fish to elevated temperatures during embryological development may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations, which are suggested possible impacts of global warming. Molecular markers shed new light on the ontogenetic migration of stream fishes. Fast growth rates, early age at maturity, moderate fecundity, and diverse diet explain the potential for introduced fishes to dominate fish communities in their native and introduced range. Taking videos of marine benthic habitats supports low-impact, real-time monitoring of species occurrence. Among heavily fished species, almost half had outdated demographic assessments that would benefit from the integration of data from fisheries sources and improved collaboration among fishery stakeholders and managers. The continued growth of aquaculture will depend upon developing feeds that improve the growth, oxidative status, and immune response of fed cultured organisms. New aquaculture feedstuffs might be derived from plants or microbes, and new additives would include ghrelins and dietary symbiotics. The effects of these constituents on survival, growth, gut histomorphology, immune response were assessed for cultured freshwater and marine species. The results provide suggestions for advances in aquafeeds for the species studied and for cultured fishes more generally. The scientific advances realized with the use of new tools provide the basis for addressing global challenges to fisheries, aquaculture and for ongoing scientific research.


Book
Current Advances and Challenges in Fisheries and Aquaculture Science: Feature Papers for the New Journey of Fishes
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This addresses current advances and challenges in fisheries and aquaculture science. Exposure of larval fish to elevated temperatures during embryological development may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations, which are suggested possible impacts of global warming. Molecular markers shed new light on the ontogenetic migration of stream fishes. Fast growth rates, early age at maturity, moderate fecundity, and diverse diet explain the potential for introduced fishes to dominate fish communities in their native and introduced range. Taking videos of marine benthic habitats supports low-impact, real-time monitoring of species occurrence. Among heavily fished species, almost half had outdated demographic assessments that would benefit from the integration of data from fisheries sources and improved collaboration among fishery stakeholders and managers. The continued growth of aquaculture will depend upon developing feeds that improve the growth, oxidative status, and immune response of fed cultured organisms. New aquaculture feedstuffs might be derived from plants or microbes, and new additives would include ghrelins and dietary symbiotics. The effects of these constituents on survival, growth, gut histomorphology, immune response were assessed for cultured freshwater and marine species. The results provide suggestions for advances in aquafeeds for the species studied and for cultured fishes more generally. The scientific advances realized with the use of new tools provide the basis for addressing global challenges to fisheries, aquaculture and for ongoing scientific research.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Fisheries & related industries --- Aurantiochytrium sp. --- docosahexaenoic acid --- histology --- Oreochromis niloticus --- physiology --- temperature --- underwater video --- ichthyofauna --- seagrass bed --- macroalgae soft substrate --- perireefal --- synbiotic --- acidifier --- organic salt --- humoral immune response --- antioxidant enzymes --- digestive enzymes --- disease resistance --- fishing importance --- FAO --- IUCN Red List --- RAM Legacy --- overfishing --- sustainability --- aquaculture feeds --- plant byproducts --- enzymatic pretreatment --- skeletal development --- ossification --- morphological alterations --- bullhead --- black bullhead --- ameiurus --- Ameiurus melas --- life history --- growth --- reproductive potential --- fecundity --- maturity --- sex ratio --- conservation planning --- dispersal --- genetic markers --- mating system --- parentage analysis --- visual tags --- aquaculture --- ghrelin --- gilthead sea bream --- growth hormone secretagogue --- feed intake --- metabolism --- welfare --- alternative ingredients --- gut digesta --- gut histomorphology --- gut mucosa --- Aurantiochytrium sp. --- docosahexaenoic acid --- histology --- Oreochromis niloticus --- physiology --- temperature --- underwater video --- ichthyofauna --- seagrass bed --- macroalgae soft substrate --- perireefal --- synbiotic --- acidifier --- organic salt --- humoral immune response --- antioxidant enzymes --- digestive enzymes --- disease resistance --- fishing importance --- FAO --- IUCN Red List --- RAM Legacy --- overfishing --- sustainability --- aquaculture feeds --- plant byproducts --- enzymatic pretreatment --- skeletal development --- ossification --- morphological alterations --- bullhead --- black bullhead --- ameiurus --- Ameiurus melas --- life history --- growth --- reproductive potential --- fecundity --- maturity --- sex ratio --- conservation planning --- dispersal --- genetic markers --- mating system --- parentage analysis --- visual tags --- aquaculture --- ghrelin --- gilthead sea bream --- growth hormone secretagogue --- feed intake --- metabolism --- welfare --- alternative ingredients --- gut digesta --- gut histomorphology --- gut mucosa

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