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Multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO), which transmits multiple data streams via multiple antenna elements, is one of the most attractive technologies in the wireless communication field. Its extension, called ‘massive MIMO’ or ‘large-scale MIMO’, in which base station has over one hundred of the antenna elements, is now seen as a promising candidate to realize 5G and beyond, as well as 6G mobile communications. It has been the first decade since its fundamental concept emerged. This Special Issue consists of 19 papers and each of them focuses on a popular topic related to massive MIMO systems, e.g. analog/digital hybrid signal processing, antenna fabrication, and machine learning incorporation. These achievements could boost its realization and deepen the academic and industrial knowledge of this field.

History of engineering & technology --- Energy industries & utilities --- distributed massive MIMO --- phase noise --- amplified thermal noise --- spectral efficiency --- 5G --- massive MIMO --- computational efficiency --- precoding algorithms --- channel estimation --- far-field --- antenna array --- diagnosis procedure --- noisy data --- BCS --- millimeter-wave --- energy efficiency --- pilot contamination --- quantization noise --- massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) --- distributed antenna systems (DAS) --- sounding reference signal (SRS) --- Massive MIMO --- pilot decontamination --- MSE --- dynamic user scheduling --- dynamic pilot allocation --- beamforming --- line-of-sight --- Ricean fading --- frequency-selective --- power scaling --- hybrid beamforming --- HetNets --- mmWaves --- analog multi-beam --- hybrid beam-forming --- PHY layer --- MAC layer --- pilot assignment --- large-scale fading coefficients --- Bayesian inference --- overcomplete dictionary --- diamond-ring slot --- dual-polarized antenna --- mobile-phone antenna --- pattern diversity --- Metamaterials (MTM) --- leaky-wave antenna (LWA) --- antenna arrays --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transverse slots --- beam-scanning --- mutual coupling isolation --- millimetre-wave --- composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) --- 5G wireless networks --- non-coherent detection --- QAM --- multi-user MIMO --- space division multiple access (SDMA) --- block diagonalization (BD) --- non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) --- broadcast channel --- discontinuous deception --- multiple beam communications --- artificial intelligence --- wireless communications --- non-orthogonal unicast and multicast transmission --- statistical channel state information --- beam domain --- massive MIMO systems --- MIDE algorithm --- low computational complexity --- BER --- resource allocation --- distributed massive MIMO --- phase noise --- amplified thermal noise --- spectral efficiency --- 5G --- massive MIMO --- computational efficiency --- precoding algorithms --- channel estimation --- far-field --- antenna array --- diagnosis procedure --- noisy data --- BCS --- millimeter-wave --- energy efficiency --- pilot contamination --- quantization noise --- massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) --- distributed antenna systems (DAS) --- sounding reference signal (SRS) --- Massive MIMO --- pilot decontamination --- MSE --- dynamic user scheduling --- dynamic pilot allocation --- beamforming --- line-of-sight --- Ricean fading --- frequency-selective --- power scaling --- hybrid beamforming --- HetNets --- mmWaves --- analog multi-beam --- hybrid beam-forming --- PHY layer --- MAC layer --- pilot assignment --- large-scale fading coefficients --- Bayesian inference --- overcomplete dictionary --- diamond-ring slot --- dual-polarized antenna --- mobile-phone antenna --- pattern diversity --- Metamaterials (MTM) --- leaky-wave antenna (LWA) --- antenna arrays --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transverse slots --- beam-scanning --- mutual coupling isolation --- millimetre-wave --- composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) --- 5G wireless networks --- non-coherent detection --- QAM --- multi-user MIMO --- space division multiple access (SDMA) --- block diagonalization (BD) --- non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) --- broadcast channel --- discontinuous deception --- multiple beam communications --- artificial intelligence --- wireless communications --- non-orthogonal unicast and multicast transmission --- statistical channel state information --- beam domain --- massive MIMO systems --- MIDE algorithm --- low computational complexity --- BER --- resource allocation

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO), which transmits multiple data streams via multiple antenna elements, is one of the most attractive technologies in the wireless communication field. Its extension, called ‘massive MIMO’ or ‘large-scale MIMO’, in which base station has over one hundred of the antenna elements, is now seen as a promising candidate to realize 5G and beyond, as well as 6G mobile communications. It has been the first decade since its fundamental concept emerged. This Special Issue consists of 19 papers and each of them focuses on a popular topic related to massive MIMO systems, e.g. analog/digital hybrid signal processing, antenna fabrication, and machine learning incorporation. These achievements could boost its realization and deepen the academic and industrial knowledge of this field.

distributed massive MIMO --- phase noise --- amplified thermal noise --- spectral efficiency --- 5G --- massive MIMO --- computational efficiency --- precoding algorithms --- channel estimation --- far-field --- antenna array --- diagnosis procedure --- noisy data --- BCS --- millimeter-wave --- energy efficiency --- pilot contamination --- quantization noise --- massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) --- distributed antenna systems (DAS) --- sounding reference signal (SRS) --- Massive MIMO --- pilot decontamination --- MSE --- dynamic user scheduling --- dynamic pilot allocation --- beamforming --- line-of-sight --- Ricean fading --- frequency-selective --- power scaling --- hybrid beamforming --- HetNets --- mmWaves --- analog multi-beam --- hybrid beam-forming --- PHY layer --- MAC layer --- pilot assignment --- large-scale fading coefficients --- Bayesian inference --- overcomplete dictionary --- diamond-ring slot --- dual-polarized antenna --- mobile-phone antenna --- pattern diversity --- Metamaterials (MTM) --- leaky-wave antenna (LWA) --- antenna arrays --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transverse slots --- beam-scanning --- mutual coupling isolation --- millimetre-wave --- composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) --- 5G wireless networks --- non-coherent detection --- QAM --- multi-user MIMO --- space division multiple access (SDMA) --- block diagonalization (BD) --- non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) --- broadcast channel --- discontinuous deception --- multiple beam communications --- artificial intelligence --- wireless communications --- non-orthogonal unicast and multicast transmission --- statistical channel state information --- beam domain --- massive MIMO systems --- MIDE algorithm --- low computational complexity --- BER --- resource allocation --- n/a

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With the rapid evolution of the wireless communications, fifth-generation (5G) communication has received much attention from both academia and industry, with many reported efforts and research outputs and significant improvements in different aspects, such as data rate speed and resolution, mobility, latency, etc. In some countries, the commercialization of 5G communication has already started as well as initial research of beyond technologies such as 6G.MIMO technology with multiple antennas is a promising technology to obtain the requirements of 5G/6G communications. It can significantly enhance the system capacity and resist multipath fading, and has become a hot spot in the field of wireless communications. This technology is a key component and probably the most established to truly reach the promised transfer data rates of future communication systems. In MIMO systems, multiple antennas are deployed at both the transmitter and receiver sides. The greater number of antennas can make the system more resistant to intentional jamming and interference. Massive MIMO with an especially high number of antennas can reduce energy consumption by targeting signals to individual users utilizing beamforming.Apart from sub-6 GHz frequency bands, 5G/6G devices are also expected to cover millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) spectra. However, moving to higher bands will bring new challenges and will certainly require careful consideration of the antenna design for smart devices. Compact antennas arranged as conformal, planar, and linear arrays can be employed at different portions of base stations and user equipment to form phased arrays with high gain and directional radiation beams. The objective of this Special Issue is to cover all aspects of antenna designs used in existing or future wireless communication systems. The aim is to highlight recent advances, current trends, and possible future developments of 5G/6G antennas.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- double-fed slot antenna --- MIMO system --- mobile terminals --- polarization diversity --- UWB technology --- 5G --- future handsets --- modified PIFA --- multi-antenna system --- multi-band operation --- MIMO --- 5G mobile handsets --- dual-band antenna --- microstrip patch antenna --- millimeter-wave --- high gain --- transmitarray (TA) antenna --- metasurface (MS) --- PSO --- side-lobe level (SLL) reduction --- lens antenna --- negative refractive index --- multibeam --- beam scanning --- beyond-5G --- 6G --- interference alignment --- K-User MIMO --- OFDM --- wideband antenna --- MIMO antenna --- four-port wideband antenna --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transmission zeros (TZs) --- metallic via --- coupling topology --- antenna array --- antenna measurements --- beam pattern --- beam steering --- equivalent circuit modelling --- transmitarray --- chirality --- dielectric resonator antennas --- metasurfaces --- antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) --- millimeter wave --- compact --- 5G applications --- corrugations --- reconfigurable antennas --- reconfigurable parasitic layers --- antenna optimization --- antenna design --- nonlinear characterization --- behavioral modelling --- x-parameters --- PIN diode --- dielectric resonator antenna --- aperture coupled --- 26 GHz --- small cell --- active metamaterial antenna --- continuous tuning --- resonance blindness --- EM co-simulation --- nonlinear property --- phased array --- massive MIMO --- wideband array --- triangular grid --- double-fed slot antenna --- MIMO system --- mobile terminals --- polarization diversity --- UWB technology --- 5G --- future handsets --- modified PIFA --- multi-antenna system --- multi-band operation --- MIMO --- 5G mobile handsets --- dual-band antenna --- microstrip patch antenna --- millimeter-wave --- high gain --- transmitarray (TA) antenna --- metasurface (MS) --- PSO --- side-lobe level (SLL) reduction --- lens antenna --- negative refractive index --- multibeam --- beam scanning --- beyond-5G --- 6G --- interference alignment --- K-User MIMO --- OFDM --- wideband antenna --- MIMO antenna --- four-port wideband antenna --- substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) --- transmission zeros (TZs) --- metallic via --- coupling topology --- antenna array --- antenna measurements --- beam pattern --- beam steering --- equivalent circuit modelling --- transmitarray --- chirality --- dielectric resonator antennas --- metasurfaces --- antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) --- millimeter wave --- compact --- 5G applications --- corrugations --- reconfigurable antennas --- reconfigurable parasitic layers --- antenna optimization --- antenna design --- nonlinear characterization --- behavioral modelling --- x-parameters --- PIN diode --- dielectric resonator antenna --- aperture coupled --- 26 GHz --- small cell --- active metamaterial antenna --- continuous tuning --- resonance blindness --- EM co-simulation --- nonlinear property --- phased array --- massive MIMO --- wideband array --- triangular grid