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Marine fouling affects most man-made surfaces temporarily or permanently immersed in the sea, causing important economic costs. Intense research is aimed at methods for preventing or reducing fouling development. The most widespread solution to inhibit fouling is to make surfaces unsuitable for settlers by coating them with antifouling paints containing toxic compounds. Most such antifouling agents give undesirable effects on nontarget species, including commercially important ones. The search for new nontoxic antifouling technologies has become a necessity, particularly after the ban of organotin compounds such as tributyltin (TBT), once the most widespread and used antifouling agent. Alternative organic and metal-based biocides are now used in antifouling paints, but their possible toxic effects on the aquatic environment are not yet fully understood. A nontoxic alternative for antifouling protection comes from the possibility of adopting natural antifouling compounds that are and may be found in marine sessile invertebrates like sponges, bryozoans, corals, and tunicates and in marine microorganisms. Such metabolites can prevent their producers from being fouled on by other organisms or be responsible for specific metabolic functions that may interfere with biofouling species adhesion. As natural marine compounds, they may inhibit settlement through a nontoxic mechanism without adverse effects to the environment. Such compounds could be developed into active ingredients of new antifouling coatings. So far, a rather limited number of natural products antifoulants (NPAs) has been isolated from marine organisms, but a huge reservoir of compounds with potential antifouling activity is hidden in marine organisms. The Special Issue on Marine Natural Products with Antifouling Activity aims at the discovery of such compounds their activity, toxicity and potential application in environmentally friendly antifouling coatings.

Research & information: general --- barnacle --- cement gland --- cyprid adhesive --- transcriptome --- cement protein --- cyanobacteria --- uropathogens --- anti-adhesive coating --- urinary catheters --- surface modification --- catheter-associated urinary tract infections --- antifouling mechanism --- antifouling coating --- antifoulant --- environmentally friendly --- polymer --- flavonoids --- synthesis --- click chemistry --- biofouling --- antifouling --- eco-friendly alternatives --- elasnin --- biofilms --- marine --- natural products --- marine microorganisms --- urinary catheter --- antibiofilm --- coating --- chitin --- chitosan --- marine waste --- antimicrobial activity --- poly(lactic acid) --- active packaging --- antifouling compounds --- structural optimisation --- butenolide --- larval attachment assay

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This second edition of the Special Issue “Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential - II” published papers on up-to-date information regarding isolation, structural elucidation, functional characterization, and therapeutic potential evaluation of peptides isolated from marine organisms. Chemical synthesis and biotechnological production of marine peptides and their mimetics will also be a focus of this Special Issue. In addition, this Special Issue will publish new results arising from a peptidomic approach. 24 Papers were accepted and included in the first issue, which we published as a Special Issue book (https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1742). Following the success of the first Special Issue, as Guest Editor, I invite researchers in the field to contribute to the second edition entitled " Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential - II] ".

Medicine --- Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous niphonius) --- muscle --- peptide --- antioxidant activity --- stability --- biological activity --- chemistry --- marine derived fungi --- peptides --- biotransformation --- laxaphycin --- autophagy --- apoptosis --- cyanobacteria --- bioactive peptides --- marine --- secondary structure --- proline --- mechanism of activity --- marine waste --- antimicrobial peptide --- polychaeta --- innate immunity --- BRICHOS domain --- recombinant peptide --- β-hairpin structure --- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) --- arenicin --- complement system --- complement regulation --- jellyfish --- Rhopilema esculentum --- Sanderia malayensis --- proteome --- venom --- toxin --- hydrolysate --- fish protein --- ageing --- physical function --- dietary assessment --- seafood intake --- healthy ageing --- marine organism --- anticancer medicine --- small peptide --- liner peptide --- cyclic peptide --- marine peptide --- dolastatin 10 --- antitumor --- lead exploration --- n/a

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• Reference Manager
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This second edition of the Special Issue “Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential - II” published papers on up-to-date information regarding isolation, structural elucidation, functional characterization, and therapeutic potential evaluation of peptides isolated from marine organisms. Chemical synthesis and biotechnological production of marine peptides and their mimetics will also be a focus of this Special Issue. In addition, this Special Issue will publish new results arising from a peptidomic approach. 24 Papers were accepted and included in the first issue, which we published as a Special Issue book (https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1742). Following the success of the first Special Issue, as Guest Editor, I invite researchers in the field to contribute to the second edition entitled " Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential - II] ".

Medicine --- Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous niphonius) --- muscle --- peptide --- antioxidant activity --- stability --- biological activity --- chemistry --- marine derived fungi --- peptides --- biotransformation --- laxaphycin --- autophagy --- apoptosis --- cyanobacteria --- bioactive peptides --- marine --- secondary structure --- proline --- mechanism of activity --- marine waste --- antimicrobial peptide --- polychaeta --- innate immunity --- BRICHOS domain --- recombinant peptide --- β-hairpin structure --- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) --- arenicin --- complement system --- complement regulation --- jellyfish --- Rhopilema esculentum --- Sanderia malayensis --- proteome --- venom --- toxin --- hydrolysate --- fish protein --- ageing --- physical function --- dietary assessment --- seafood intake --- healthy ageing --- marine organism --- anticancer medicine --- small peptide --- liner peptide --- cyclic peptide --- marine peptide --- dolastatin 10 --- antitumor --- lead exploration --- Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorous niphonius) --- muscle --- peptide --- antioxidant activity --- stability --- biological activity --- chemistry --- marine derived fungi --- peptides --- biotransformation --- laxaphycin --- autophagy --- apoptosis --- cyanobacteria --- bioactive peptides --- marine --- secondary structure --- proline --- mechanism of activity --- marine waste --- antimicrobial peptide --- polychaeta --- innate immunity --- BRICHOS domain --- recombinant peptide --- β-hairpin structure --- nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) --- arenicin --- complement system --- complement regulation --- jellyfish --- Rhopilema esculentum --- Sanderia malayensis --- proteome --- venom --- toxin --- hydrolysate --- fish protein --- ageing --- physical function --- dietary assessment --- seafood intake --- healthy ageing --- marine organism --- anticancer medicine --- small peptide --- liner peptide --- cyclic peptide --- marine peptide --- dolastatin 10 --- antitumor --- lead exploration