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Parkinson's disease --- Methylphenyltetrahydropyridine --- Designer drugs --- Fetal tissues --- Fetal tissue --- Tissues --- Synthetic drugs of abuse --- Drugs --- Drugs of abuse --- Synthetic drugs --- MPTP (Neurotoxin) --- Neurotoxic agents --- Pyridine --- Palsy, Shaking --- Paralysis agitans --- Parkinson disease --- Parkinsonism --- Shaking palsy --- Brain --- Extrapyramidal disorders --- Physiological effect. --- Toxicology. --- Transplantation --- Animal models. --- Derivatives --- Diseases

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Trusted as the leading text in the field, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, 6th Edition, brings you fully up to date with new developments in this rapidly-changing subspecialty. International experts provide thorough coverage of basic science and clear guidance for your day-to-day clinical challenges ? from innovative medical and surgical treatments to new drug delivery systems and recent discoveries in genetics, plus much more. In addition, an extensive online video atlas demonstrates movement and posture abnormalities, as well as unique and unusual phenomenology. Get comprehensive, current information on every aspect (including behavioral and psychologic concomitants) of all common and uncommon movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease, other neurodegenerative diseases, tremors, dystonia, Tourette's syndrome, Huntington's disease, and ataxias. Focus on the new discoveries you need to know about: the role of ubiquitin-proteosome and autophagy systems in neurodegeneration; genetics of Parkinson?s disease and other movement disorders; innovative medical and surgical treatment of Parkinson?s disease and hyperkinetic movement disorders; and more. Stay up to date with new information on autoimmune disorders, novel deliveries of drugs, and new formulations of botulinum toxin. Benefit from access to an outstanding online video library (with dozens of new videos) that demonstrate what you?re likely to see in practice and key elements to look for. Instantly view videos online with your tablet or smartphone, thanks to new QR codes inserted throughout the text. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: Dozens of videos that demonstrate the movement and posture abnormalities and other disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease and other neurologic disorders. Complete content with enhanced navigation. Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web. Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation. Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text. Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues. Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use.

Parkinson's disease. --- Movement disorders. --- Maladie de Parkinson --- Troubles moteurs --- Parkinson, Maladie de --- Maladie de Parkinson. --- Troubles moteurs. --- Parkinson's disease --- Movement disorders --- Parkinson Disease --- Movement Disorders --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Parkinsonian Disorders --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Nervous System Diseases --- Basal Ganglia Diseases --- Brain Diseases --- Diseases --- Neurology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Brain Disorders --- CNS Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders --- Encephalon Diseases --- Encephalopathy --- Intracranial CNS Disorders --- Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders --- Brain Disease --- Brain Disorder --- CNS Disorder, Intracranial --- Encephalon Disease --- Encephalopathies --- Intracranial CNS Disorder --- Basal Ganglia Disorders --- Lenticulostriate Disorders --- Extrapyramidal Disorders --- Basal Ganglia Disease --- Basal Ganglia Disorder --- Extrapyramidal Disorder --- Lenticulostriate Disorder --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System --- Degenerative Diseases, Neurologic --- Degenerative Diseases, Spinal Cord --- Degenerative Neurologic Diseases --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorders --- Nervous System Degenerative Diseases --- Neurodegenerative Disorders --- Neurologic Degenerative Conditions --- Neurologic Degenerative Diseases --- Neurologic Diseases, Degenerative --- Degenerative Diseases, Nervous System --- Degenerative Condition, Neurologic --- Degenerative Conditions, Neurologic --- Degenerative Neurologic Disease --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorder --- Neurodegenerative Disease --- Neurodegenerative Disorder --- Neurologic Degenerative Condition --- Neurologic Degenerative Disease --- Neurologic Disease, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorder, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorders, Degenerative --- Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Autosomal Dominant Parkinsonism --- Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Chromosome 6-Linked Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Experimental Parkinson Disease --- Experimental Parkinsonism --- Experimental Parkinsonism, MPTP-Induced --- Familial Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Recessive --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Dominant --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Recessive --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Autosomal Dominant --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Autosomal Recessive --- MPTP-Induced Experimental Parkinsonism --- Parkinson Disease 2 --- Parkinson Disease 2, Autosomal Recessive Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease Autosomal Recessive, Early Onset --- Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Dominant. Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease, Experimental --- Parkinson Disease, Familial, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinsonian Diseases --- Parkinsonian Syndromes --- Parkinsonism, Early Onset, with Diurnal Fluctuation --- Parkinsonism, Early-Onset, With Diurnal Fluctuation --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile, Autosomal Recessive --- Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Familial Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonian Syndrome --- Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonism, Experimental --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile --- Ramsay Hunt Paralysis Syndrome --- Chromosome 6 Linked Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Diseases, Experimental Parkinson --- Dominant Parkinsonism, Autosomal --- Experimental Parkinson Diseases --- Experimental Parkinsonism, MPTP Induced --- Experimental Parkinsonisms --- Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Familial --- Juvenile Parkinsonisms --- MPTP Induced Experimental Parkinsonism --- Parkinson Diseases, Experimental --- Parkinsonism, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinsonism, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinsonism, Familial Juvenile --- Parkinsonism, MPTP-Induced Experimental --- Parkinsonisms, Experimental --- Parkinsonisms, Juvenile --- Recessive Parkinsonism, Autosomal --- Striatonigral Degeneration --- CNS Diseases --- Central Nervous System Disorders --- CNS Disease --- Central Nervous System Disease --- Central Nervous System Disorder --- Movement Disorder Syndromes --- Dyskinesia Syndromes --- Etat Marbre --- Status Marmoratus --- Dyskinesia Syndrome --- Movement Disorder --- Movement Disorder Syndrome --- Psychomotor Disorders --- Dyskinesias --- Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease --- Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease --- Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic --- Parkinson's Disease --- Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic --- Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body --- Idiopathic Parkinson Disease --- Lewy Body Parkinson Disease --- Paralysis Agitans --- Primary Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonism, Primary --- Lewy Bodies --- Manganese Poisoning --- Dyskinesia --- Motor disorders --- Disabilities --- Nervous system --- Palsy, Shaking --- Paralysis agitans --- Parkinson disease --- Shaking palsy --- Brain --- Extrapyramidal disorders

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Parkinson Disease. --- Parkinson Disease, Secondary. --- Drug Therapy. --- Parkinson's disease --- Symptomatic Parkinson's disease --- Maladie de Parkinson --- Parkinson, Maladie de --- Chemotherapy --- Chimiothérapie --- Parkinsonian Disorders --- Neurodegenerative Diseases --- Movement Disorders --- Nervous System Diseases --- Basal Ganglia Diseases --- Diseases --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Brain Diseases --- Parkinson Disease --- Brain Disorders --- CNS Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Disorders, Intracranial --- Central Nervous System Intracranial Disorders --- Encephalon Diseases --- Encephalopathy --- Intracranial CNS Disorders --- Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders --- Brain Disease --- Brain Disorder --- CNS Disorder, Intracranial --- Encephalon Disease --- Encephalopathies --- Intracranial CNS Disorder --- CNS Diseases --- Central Nervous System Disorders --- CNS Disease --- Central Nervous System Disease --- Central Nervous System Disorder --- Basal Ganglia Disorders --- Lenticulostriate Disorders --- Extrapyramidal Disorders --- Basal Ganglia Disease --- Basal Ganglia Disorder --- Extrapyramidal Disorder --- Lenticulostriate Disorder --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Neurology --- Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease --- Lewy Body Parkinson's Disease --- Parkinson Disease, Idiopathic --- Parkinson's Disease --- Parkinson's Disease, Idiopathic --- Parkinson's Disease, Lewy Body --- Idiopathic Parkinson Disease --- Lewy Body Parkinson Disease --- Paralysis Agitans --- Primary Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonism, Primary --- Lewy Bodies --- Manganese Poisoning --- Movement Disorder Syndromes --- Dyskinesia Syndromes --- Etat Marbre --- Status Marmoratus --- Dyskinesia Syndrome --- Movement Disorder --- Movement Disorder Syndrome --- Psychomotor Disorders --- Dyskinesias --- Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System --- Degenerative Diseases, Neurologic --- Degenerative Diseases, Spinal Cord --- Degenerative Neurologic Diseases --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorders --- Nervous System Degenerative Diseases --- Neurodegenerative Disorders --- Neurologic Degenerative Conditions --- Neurologic Degenerative Diseases --- Neurologic Diseases, Degenerative --- Degenerative Diseases, Nervous System --- Degenerative Condition, Neurologic --- Degenerative Conditions, Neurologic --- Degenerative Neurologic Disease --- Degenerative Neurologic Disorder --- Neurodegenerative Disease --- Neurodegenerative Disorder --- Neurologic Degenerative Condition --- Neurologic Degenerative Disease --- Neurologic Disease, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorder, Degenerative --- Neurologic Disorders, Degenerative --- Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Autosomal Dominant Parkinsonism --- Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Chromosome 6-Linked Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Experimental Parkinson Disease --- Experimental Parkinsonism --- Experimental Parkinsonism, MPTP-Induced --- Familial Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Recessive --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Dominant --- Juvenile Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Recessive --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Autosomal Dominant --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Autosomal Recessive --- MPTP-Induced Experimental Parkinsonism --- Parkinson Disease 2 --- Parkinson Disease 2, Autosomal Recessive Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease Autosomal Recessive, Early Onset --- Parkinson Disease, Autosomal Dominant. Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease, Experimental --- Parkinson Disease, Familial, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinson Disease, Juvenile, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinsonian Diseases --- Parkinsonian Syndromes --- Parkinsonism, Early Onset, with Diurnal Fluctuation --- Parkinsonism, Early-Onset, With Diurnal Fluctuation --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile, Autosomal Recessive --- Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Familial Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonian Syndrome --- Parkinsonism --- Parkinsonism, Experimental --- Parkinsonism, Juvenile --- Ramsay Hunt Paralysis Syndrome --- Chromosome 6 Linked Autosomal Recessive Parkinsonism --- Diseases, Experimental Parkinson --- Dominant Parkinsonism, Autosomal --- Experimental Parkinson Diseases --- Experimental Parkinsonism, MPTP Induced --- Experimental Parkinsonisms --- Juvenile Parkinsonism --- Juvenile Parkinsonism, Familial --- Juvenile Parkinsonisms --- MPTP Induced Experimental Parkinsonism --- Parkinson Diseases, Experimental --- Parkinsonism, Autosomal Dominant --- Parkinsonism, Autosomal Recessive --- Parkinsonism, Familial Juvenile --- Parkinsonism, MPTP-Induced Experimental --- Parkinsonisms, Experimental --- Parkinsonisms, Juvenile --- Recessive Parkinsonism, Autosomal --- Striatonigral Degeneration --- Disease.

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Sedimentary habitats cover the vast majority of the ocean floor and constitute the largest ecosystem on Earth. These systems supply fundamental services to human beings, such as food production and nutrient recycling. It is well known that meiofauna are an abundant and ubiquitous component of sediments, even though their biodiversity and importance in marine ecosystem functioning remain to be fully investigated. In this book, the meiofaunal biodiversity trends in marine habitats worldwide are documented, along with the collection of empirical evidence on their role in ecosystem services, such as the production, consumption, and decomposition of organic matter, and energy transfer to higher and lower trophic levels. Meiofaunal activities, like feeding and bioturbation, induce changes in several physico-chemical and biological properties of sediments, and might increase the resilience of the benthic ecosystem processes that are essential for the supply of ecosystem goods and services required by humans. As a key component of marine habitats, the taxonomical and functional aspects of the meiofaunal community are also used for the ecological assessment of the sediments’ quality status, providing important information on the anthropogenic impact of benthos.

benthos --- biodiversity --- key --- meiofauna --- taxonomy --- species richness --- β-diversity --- biological traits --- tropical --- marine --- freshwater --- Caribbean --- huntermaniidae --- cletodidae --- rhizotrichidae --- Nannopus --- Monstrillidae --- Monstrillopsis paradoxa sp. nov. --- Monstrillopsis planifrons --- morphological taxonomy --- tagmosis --- male genitalia --- pore pattern --- male/female matching --- marine invertebrate host --- semi-parasitic --- Korea --- free-living marine nematodes --- pictorial key --- macrofauna --- associated fauna --- biological substrate --- species diversity --- community ecology --- benthic ecology --- gastrotricha --- South America --- South Hemisphere --- nuclear genes --- ABGD --- BINs --- DNA barcoding --- mPTP --- dam impact --- estuary --- heavy metals --- free-living nematodes --- density --- diversity --- benthic foraminifera --- checklist --- Kuwait --- Arabian Gulf --- North Adriatic Sea --- trophic status --- prokaryotes --- ecosystem functioning --- sea turtles --- loggerheads --- marine biodiversity --- epibionts --- Florida --- Gulf of Mexico --- meiofauna paradox --- nematodes --- Nematoda --- hotspots --- phoresis --- epibiosis --- ciliophora --- suctorea --- nematoda --- ecology --- new species --- bioindicators

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Creatine plays a critical role in cellular metabolism, primarily by binding with phosphate to form phosphocreatine (PCr) as well as shuttling high-energy phosphate compounds in and out of the mitochondria for metabolism. Increasing the dietary availability of creatine increases the tissue and cellular availability of PCr, and thereby enhances the ability to maintain high-energy states during intense exercise. For this reason, creatine monohydrate has been extensively studied as an ergogenic aid for exercise, training, and sport. Limitations in the ability to synthesize creatine and transport and/or store dietary creatine can impair metabolism and is a contributor to several disease states. Additionally, creatine provides an important source of energy during metabolically stressed states, particularly when oxygen availability is limited. Thus, researchers have assessed the role of creatine supplementation on health throughout the lifespan, as well as whether creatine availability may improve disease management and/or therapeutic outcomes. This book provides a comprehensive overview of scientific and medical evidence related to creatine's role in metabolism, health throughout the lifespan, and our current understanding of how creatine can promote brain, heart, vascular and immune health; reduce the severity of musculoskeletal and brain injury; and may provide therapeutic benefits in glucose management and diabetes, cancer therapy, inflammatory bowel disease, and post-viral fatigue.

ergogenic aids --- cellular metabolism --- phosphagens --- sarcopenia --- cognition --- diabetes --- creatine synthesis deficiencies --- concussion --- traumatic brain injury --- spinal cord injury --- muscle atrophy --- rehabilitation --- pregnancy --- immunity --- anti-inflammatory --- antioxidant --- anticancer --- creatine --- nutritional supplements --- fertility --- newborn --- development --- brain injury --- post-viral fatigue syndrome --- chronic fatigue syndrome --- GAA --- creatine kinase --- dietary supplements --- exercise --- skeletal muscle --- glycemic control --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- phosphorylcreatine --- dietary supplement --- ergogenic aid --- youth --- athletes --- osteoporosis --- osteosarcopenia --- frailty --- cachexia --- innate immunity --- adaptive immunity --- inflammation --- macrophage polarization --- cytotoxic T cells --- toll-like receptors --- vascular pathology --- cardiovascular disease --- oxidative stress --- vascular health --- female --- menstrual cycle --- hormones --- exercise performance --- menopause --- mood --- children --- height --- BMI-for-age --- stature-for-age --- growth --- phosphocreatine --- creatine transporter --- supplementation --- treatment --- heart --- heart failure --- ischemia --- myocardial infarction --- anthracycline --- cardiac toxicity --- energy metabolism --- cell survival --- bioinformatics --- systems biology --- cellular allostasis --- dynamic biosensor --- pleiotropic effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation --- inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) --- ulcerative colitis --- Crohn’s disease --- creatine kinase (CK) --- phosphocreatine (PCr) --- creatine transporter (CrT) --- intestinal epithelial cell protection --- intestinal tissue protection --- creatine perfusion --- organ transplantation --- Adenosine mono-phosphate (AMP) --- activated protein kinase (AMPK) --- liver kinase B1 (LKB1) --- mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- glucose transporter (GLUT) --- T cell antitumor immunity --- metabolic regulator --- cancer immunotherapy --- supplements --- muscle damage --- recovery --- immobilization --- atrophy --- muscular dystrophy --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis --- Parkinson’s Disease --- cardiopulmonary disease --- mitochondrial cytopathy --- hypertrophy --- athletic performance --- weightlifting --- resistance exercise --- training --- muscular power --- muscular adaptation --- muscle fatigue --- adipose tissue --- muscle strength --- physiological adaptation --- mitochondria --- thermogenesis --- MAP kinase signaling system --- sodium-chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters --- signal transduction --- intradialytic creatine supplementation --- hemodialysis --- muscle --- protein energy wasting --- clinical trial --- muscle weakness --- chronic fatigue --- cognitive impairment --- depression --- anemia --- resistance training --- sports nutrition --- strength --- toxicity --- methylation --- hyperhomocysteinemia --- neuromodulation --- MCDA --- mitochondriopathia --- cardiac infarction --- long COVID --- hypoxia --- stroke --- neurodegenerative diseases --- noncommunicable disease --- adenosine 5′-monopnophosphate-activated protein kinase --- anthracyclines --- creatine supplementation --- cardiac signaling --- cardiotoxicity --- doxorubicin --- soy --- vegetarian/vegan diet --- amino acids --- dietary ingredients --- performance