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It is well-known by now that the angular momentum carried by elementary particles can be categorized as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). In the early 1900s, Poynting recognized that a particle, such as a photon, can carry SAM, which has only two possible states, i.e., clockwise and anticlockwise circular polarization states. However, only fairly recently, in 1992, Allen et al. discovered that photons with helical phase fronts can carry OAM, which has infinite orthogonal states. In the past two decades, the OAM-carrying beam, due to its unique features, has gained increasing interest from many different research communities, including physics, chemistry, and engineering. Its twisted phase front and intensity distribution have enabled a variety of applications, such as micromanipulation, laser beam machining, nonlinear matter interactions, imaging, sensing, quantum cryptography and classical communications. This book aims to explore novel insights of OAM beams. It focuses on state-of-the-art advances in fundamental theories, devices and applications, as well as future perspectives of OAM beams.

n/a --- radio frequency --- multi-input multi-output --- photonic lantern --- uniform circular array --- turbulence mitigation --- state of polarization --- long period fiber grating --- MIMO --- frequency-domain --- receiver --- 28 GHz --- metasurfaces --- light–matter interactions --- dielectric lens --- free-space optical communications --- helicity --- orbital angular momentum multiplexing --- OAM --- orbital angular momentum --- subwavelength digital gratings --- nanofabrication --- time-gated frequency-shift interpolation --- silicon metasurfaces --- phase mode --- reactive ion etching --- dual symmetry --- bi-isotropic media --- mode selective coupler --- twisted waves --- photonics lantern --- pseudo-Doppler --- chirality --- OAM-MIMO --- Poincaré sphere --- electron beam lithography --- Pancharatnam–Berry optical elements --- polarization division multiplexing --- mode division multiplexing --- nonlinear optics --- interpolation --- microstructure optical fiber --- tunable OAM --- structured light --- light-matter interactions --- Poincaré sphere --- Pancharatnam-Berry optical elements