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This book is an adaptation of a research presented at the Micaela Bastidas National University of Apurímac (Peru), whose objective was to determine the level of leadership of the municipal administration for the period 2018-2020, from the perspective of the citizens and servants of the municipality of Abancay (Peru). The findings of this study were based on a basic descriptive level research, within a non-experimental cross-sectional design, considering that objective results were sought, the approach was quantitative, for this purpose an appropriate questionnaire was developed for the public servant and another for the citizen that contains items for the dimensions of citizen security, public cleaning, execution of public works, and taxation system. These instruments were administered to a sample of 172 public servants between appointed and contracted, and 245 citizens, it being important to point out that the determination of the sample size was stratified probabilistic. For the contrasting of the hypothesis for being a comparative study with ordinal data, it was through the Mann Whitney U test whose inferential results allowed us to conclude that from the perspective of the citizen in 88% with respect to the leadership of the municipal management who point out that the leadership is not adequate, while public servants indicate that it is almost always or always adequate (53.9% and 23.26% respectively). The inferential analysis allows us to affirm that there is a significant difference between the perceptions of both groups. Este libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada en la Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac (Perú), cuyo objetivo fue determinar el nivel de liderazgo de la gestión edil periodo 2018-2020, desde la perspectiva de los ciudadanos y servidores de la municipalidad de Abancay (Perú). Los hallazgos de este estudio se basaron, en una investigación básica de nivel descriptivo, dentro de un diseño no experimental transversal, considerando que se buscó obtener resultados objetivos, el enfoque fue cuantitativo, para este fin se elaboró un cuestionario apropiado para el servidor público y otro para el ciudadano que contienen ítem para las dimensiones de seguridad ciudadana, limpieza pública ejecución de obras públicas, y sistema de tributación. Estos instrumentos fueron administrados a una muestra de 172 servidores públicos entre nombrados y contratados, y 245 ciudadanos, siendo importante señalar que la determinación del tamaño de la muestra fue probabilístico estratificado. Para la contrastación de la hipótesis por ser un estudio comparativo con datos ordinales fue a través de la prueba U de Mann Whitney cuyos resultados inferenciales permitieron concluir que desde la perspectiva del ciudadano en un 88% respecto al liderazgo de la gestión edil quienes señalan que el liderazgo no es adecuado, mientras que los servidores públicos señalan que si es casi siempre o siempre adecuado (53,9% y 23,26% respectivamente). El análisis inferencial permite afirmar que existe una diferencia significativa entre las percepciones de ambos grupos.

liderazgo político --- gestión edil --- servidor público

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This book is an adaptation of a research presented at the Micaela Bastidas National University of Apurímac (Peru), whose objective was to determine the level of leadership of the municipal administration for the period 2018-2020, from the perspective of the citizens and servants of the municipality of Abancay (Peru). The findings of this study were based on a basic descriptive level research, within a non-experimental cross-sectional design, considering that objective results were sought, the approach was quantitative, for this purpose an appropriate questionnaire was developed for the public servant and another for the citizen that contains items for the dimensions of citizen security, public cleaning, execution of public works, and taxation system. These instruments were administered to a sample of 172 public servants between appointed and contracted, and 245 citizens, it being important to point out that the determination of the sample size was stratified probabilistic. For the contrasting of the hypothesis for being a comparative study with ordinal data, it was through the Mann Whitney U test whose inferential results allowed us to conclude that from the perspective of the citizen in 88% with respect to the leadership of the municipal management who point out that the leadership is not adequate, while public servants indicate that it is almost always or always adequate (53.9% and 23.26% respectively). The inferential analysis allows us to affirm that there is a significant difference between the perceptions of both groups. Este libro es una adaptación de una investigación presentada en la Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac (Perú), cuyo objetivo fue determinar el nivel de liderazgo de la gestión edil periodo 2018-2020, desde la perspectiva de los ciudadanos y servidores de la municipalidad de Abancay (Perú). Los hallazgos de este estudio se basaron, en una investigación básica de nivel descriptivo, dentro de un diseño no experimental transversal, considerando que se buscó obtener resultados objetivos, el enfoque fue cuantitativo, para este fin se elaboró un cuestionario apropiado para el servidor público y otro para el ciudadano que contienen ítem para las dimensiones de seguridad ciudadana, limpieza pública ejecución de obras públicas, y sistema de tributación. Estos instrumentos fueron administrados a una muestra de 172 servidores públicos entre nombrados y contratados, y 245 ciudadanos, siendo importante señalar que la determinación del tamaño de la muestra fue probabilístico estratificado. Para la contrastación de la hipótesis por ser un estudio comparativo con datos ordinales fue a través de la prueba U de Mann Whitney cuyos resultados inferenciales permitieron concluir que desde la perspectiva del ciudadano en un 88% respecto al liderazgo de la gestión edil quienes señalan que el liderazgo no es adecuado, mientras que los servidores públicos señalan que si es casi siempre o siempre adecuado (53,9% y 23,26% respectivamente). El análisis inferencial permite afirmar que existe una diferencia significativa entre las percepciones de ambos grupos.

Institutions & learned societies: general --- liderazgo político --- gestión edil --- servidor público

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This book asks an important question often ignored by ancient historians and political scientists alike: Why did Athenian democracy work as well and for as long as it did? Josiah Ober seeks the answer by analyzing the sociology of Athenian politics and the nature of communication between elite and nonelite citizens. After a preliminary survey of the development of the Athenian "constitution," he focuses on the role of political and legal rhetoric. As jurymen and Assemblymen, the citizen masses of Athens retained important powers, and elite Athenian politicians and litigants needed to address these large bodies of ordinary citizens in terms understandable and acceptable to the audience. This book probes the social strategies behind the rhetorical tactics employed by elite speakers. A close reading of the speeches exposes both egalitarian and elitist elements in Athenian popular ideology. Ober demonstrates that the vocabulary of public speech constituted a democratic discourse that allowed the Athenians to resolve contradictions between the ideal of political equality and the reality of social inequality. His radical reevaluation of leadership and political power in classical Athens restores key elements of the social and ideological context of the first western democracy.

Political participation --- Political leadership --- -Political rights --- Political leadership -- Greece -- Athens. --- Political participation -- Greece -- Athens. --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Mass political behavior --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political behavior --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Politics, Practical --- Leadership --- Athens (Greece) --- Politics and government. --- History of ancient Greece --- Athens --- Democracy. --- Politics and government --- Athens (Greece) - Politics and government. --- Political participation - Greece - Athens. --- Political leadership - Greece - Athens. --- Liderazgo político --- Participación política --- Atenas (Grecia) --- Política y gobierno