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Throughout their life cycles—from production, usage, through to disposal—materials and products interact with the environment (water, soil, and air). At the same time, they are exposed to environmental influences and, through their emissions, have an impact on the environment, people, and health. Accelerated experimental testing processes can be used to predict the long-term environmental consequences of innovative products before these actually enter the environment. We are living in a material world. Building materials, geosynthetics, wooden toys, soil, nanomaterials, composites, wastes and more are research subjects examined by the authors of this book. The interactions of materials with the environment are manifold. Therefore, it is important to assess the environmental impact of these interactions. Some answers to how this task can be achieved are given in this Special Issue.

Research & information: general --- Environmental economics --- environmental simulations --- polymer-based products --- artificial weathering --- degradation --- leaching --- soil contact --- carbon concrete composite --- irrigated construction elements --- environmental compatibility --- irrigated building materials --- environmental assessment --- evaluation concepts --- bio-based insulation --- earthen building materials --- volatile organic compounds --- semi-volatile organic compounds --- formaldehyde --- radon --- wooden toys --- emission test chamber --- flask method --- EN 717-3 --- microchamber --- Enchytraeids --- waterproof building materials --- ecotoxicology --- biotest --- geosynthetics --- geotextiles --- dynamic surface leaching test --- artificial ageing --- marine littering --- batch leaching test --- liquid-solid ratio --- column percolation test --- advection-dispersion model --- adsorption–desorption equilibrium --- clinoptilolite --- soil --- water --- CEC --- specific surface --- zeolitization --- hydrogen storage --- kinetics --- material life cycle assessment --- Eco-Indicator 99’ --- CML 2001 --- calcium phosphate --- calcium carbonate --- recycling --- environmental problems --- seashell --- leaching test --- equilibrium condition --- non-equilibrium condition --- modelling --- sorption kinetics --- non-linear sorption --- heterogeneity --- mineral recycling material --- compliance testing --- nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2) --- engineered nanomaterial (ENM) --- sewage sludge incineration (SSI) --- ENM containing sewage sludge ash (SSA) --- column elution --- agricultural use --- n/a --- adsorption-desorption equilibrium --- Eco-Indicator 99'

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Urbanization worldwide is a pervasive phenomenon of our time, and sustainable urban development is one of the greatest challenges faced by the contemporary world. The subsurface plays a range of roles in such developments through the complex processes of urbanization, including building development, constructing roads, and providing water supplies, drainage, sanitation, and even solid waste disposal.Urban groundwater problems are usually predictable; however, they are not predicted early enough. During recent decades, progressive advances in the scientific understanding of urban hydrogeological processes and the groundwater regimes of a substantial number of cities have been documented. This extensive array of subsurface challenges that cities have to contend with lies at the core of the sustainability of the urban water cycle. This is threatened by the increasing scale and downward extent of urban subsurface construction, including utilities (cables, sewage, and drainage), transportation (tunnels, passages), and storage (cellars, parking lots, and thermal energy). The cumulative impact of this subsurface congestion on the surrounding geology, and especially on the groundwater system, has to be constantly studied and addressed.In this volume, key connections amongst urban hydrogeology activities are identified as being consistent with scientific results and good practices in their relationship to subsurface data and knowledge on subsurface systems. The volume supports a useful dialogue between the providers and consumers of urban groundwater data and knowledge, offering new perspectives on the existing research themes.

hydrochemistry --- chalk aquifer --- 1,1,1-trichloroethane --- degradation --- sulphate --- backfill --- leaching test --- urban development --- developing cities --- groundwater policy --- integrated management --- groundwater --- urban hydrology --- drainage --- modeling --- sewer --- baseflow --- urban hydrogeology --- groundwater quality --- sewer system --- agriculture --- groundwater modeling --- urban --- resilience --- sustainability --- hazards --- subsurface --- water cycle --- land-use --- infrastructure --- planning --- catchment --- hydrogeology --- accidental wetland --- road salt --- headwater stream --- groundwater flow --- urban groundwater --- numerical modeling --- water budget --- regional land subsidence --- groundwater abstraction --- numerical simulation --- InSAR --- Semarang City --- cutoff walls --- plastic concrete --- cement-bentonite-water ratio --- infiltration of stormwater --- green infrastructure --- nature-based solutions --- bioretention --- hydrologic performance --- full-scale testing --- drought --- urban planning --- sustainable development --- n/a

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Advances in nanotechnology have boosted the development of more efficient materials, with emerging sectors (electronics, energy, aerospace, etc.) demanding novel materials to fulfill the complex technical requirements of their products. This is the case of polymeric foams, which may display good structural properties alongside functional characteristics through a complex composition and (micro)structure in which a gas phase is combined with rigid ones, mainly based on nanoparticles, dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. In recent years, there has been an important impulse in the development of nanocomposite foams, extending the concept of nanocomposites to the field of cellular materials. This, alongside developments in new advanced foaming technologies which have allowed the generation of foams with micro, sub-micro, and even nanocellular structures, has extended the applications of more traditional foams in terms of weight reduction, damping, and thermal and/or acoustic insulation to novel possibilities, such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. This Special Issue, which consists of a total of 22 articles, including one review article written by research groups of experts in the field, considers recent research on novel polymer-based foams in all their aspects: design, composition, processing and fabrication, microstructure, characterization and analysis, applications and service behavior, recycling and reuse, etc.

graphene oxide --- n/a --- microstructure --- multi-objective particle swarm optimization --- electromagnetic wave absorption --- polyamide --- lignin --- expandable microspheres --- surfactants --- aluminum microfibers --- biomaterials --- permittivity --- compression properties --- shock compression --- syntactic foams --- 1 --- impact wedge–peel test --- phenolic foams --- 3 --- foam extrusion --- energy conservation --- heat transfer --- heterogeneous nucleation --- polyurethane foam --- leaching test --- functional --- cellulose foam --- impact property --- foam injection molding --- itaconic acid --- composites --- foaming quality --- phosphorus flame retardants --- polymer waste --- metallic tube --- 5-benzene-trisamides --- polyurethane foam composites --- polyetherimide foams --- scCO2 --- Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer --- thermal conductivity --- ethyl cellulose --- super critical CO2 --- thermal insulation --- cell nucleation --- crystalline --- polypropylene --- PZT --- burning characteristic --- foams --- quasi-static compression tests --- flame-retardant ABS microcellular foams --- nanotubes --- conductivity --- energy absorption capability --- intrinsic toughness --- ternary synergistic effect --- multilayers --- absorbent PMI foam --- semi-rigid polyurethane foams --- phosphorus --- EMI --- supramolecular additives --- MuCell® injection-molding foaming --- piezocomposite --- ultrasonication --- scCO2 foaming --- automobile structural adhesives --- thermogravimetric analysis --- rigid polyurethane foam --- failure mechanism --- mechanical properties --- multifunctional foams --- SANS --- fluoelastomer --- sound absorption coefficient --- acoustic performances --- functional foam --- foam morphology --- mechanical property --- polystyrene foams --- piezoelectric --- graphene --- Pluronic --- epoxy composite foam adhesive --- polymers --- flame retardancy --- core–shell rubber --- extrusion foaming --- equation of state --- cellulose nanofiber --- epoxy --- DOPO --- PUR --- grey relational analysis --- activation energies --- adjacent façade --- electrical conductivity --- impact wedge-peel test --- core-shell rubber --- adjacent façade