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In 'Enlightened Feudalism', Jeremy Hayhoe demonstrates that these local institutions actually functioned with a degree of efficiency, professionalism, and attention to peasant concerns that few historians have appreciated. Set in Northern Burgundy, this study reveals how provincial administrative elites quietly encouraged the use of simpler procedure for minor disputes, thus bringing seigneurial courts closer to village life. But these reforms paradoxically made the newly invigorated courts a key instrument of the late eighteenth-century intensification of the seigneurie. Peasant ambivalence toward seigneurial courts reflected this duality, as the 'cahiers de doléances' both praised the institution for its role in community affairs, and vigorously criticized it for bolstering the seigneurial system. By situating the local court within a wide range of para-judicial institutions and behaviors, Hayhoe presents a new vision of village society, one in which communal bonds were too weak to enforce behavioral norms. Village communities had substantial authority over their own affairs, but required the frequent and active collaboration of the court to enforce the rules that they put into place. Jeremy Hayhoe is assistant professor at the Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
Manorial courts
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History
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Manorial courts.
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Niedergerichtsbarkeit.
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1700-1799.
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Burgund
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Colouring the Caribbean offers the first comprehensive study of Agostino Brunias's intriguing pictures of colonial West Indians of colour - so called 'Red' and 'Black' Caribs, dark-skinned Africans and Afro-Creoles, and people of mixed race - made for colonial officials and plantocratic elites during the late-eighteenth century. Although Brunias's paintings have often been understood as straightforward documents of visual ethnography that functioned as field guides for reading race, this book investigates how the images both reflected and refracted ideas about race commonly held by eighteenth-century Britons, helping to construct racial categories while simultaneously exposing their constructedness and underscoring their contradictions. The book offers provocative new insights about Brunias's work gleaned from a broad survey of his paintings, many of which are reproduced here for the first time.
Race relations. --- Race in art. --- Imperialism in art. --- Race dans l'art. --- Livres numériques. --- Impérialisme dans l'art. --- Integration, Racial --- Race problems --- Race question --- Relations, Race --- Ethnology --- Social problems --- Sociology --- Ethnic relations --- Minorities --- Racism --- Brunias, Agostino --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Caribbean Area. --- Caribbean Area --- Caribbean Free Trade Association countries --- Caribbean Region --- Caribbean Sea Region --- West Indies Region --- Race relations --- History. --- "idian trade scenes. --- Afro-Creoles. --- Agostino Brunias. --- Black Caribs. --- British colonial Caribbean. --- British colonial art. --- Carib Wars. --- Caribbean life. --- colonial West Indians. --- dark-skinned Africans. --- late-eighteenth century Britain. --- mixed-race people. --- paintings. --- plantocratic elites. --- visual ethnography.
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In 1771 Joseph Banks and other wealthy collectors sent a talented, self-taught naturalist to Sierra Leone to collect all things rare and curious, from moths to monkeys. Henry Smeathman's expedition to the West African coast, which coincided with a steep rise in British slave trading in this area, lasted four years during which time he built a house on the Banana Islands, married into the coast's ruling dynasties, and managed to negotiate the tricky life of a 'stranger' bound to his landlord and local customs. In this book, which draws on a rich and little-known archive of journals and letters, Coleman retraces Smeathman's life as he shuttled between his home on the Bananas and two key Liverpool trading forts-Bunce Island and the Isles de Los. In the logistical challenges of tropical collecting and the dispatch of specimens across the middle passage we see the close connection between science and slavery. We also see the hardening of Smeathman's attitude towards the slaves, a change of sentiment which was later reversed by four years in the West Indies. The book concludes with the 'Flycatcher' back in London - a celebrated termite specialist, eager to return to West Africa to establish a free, antislavery settlement.
Naturalists --- Slavery --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Colonies --- History --- Smeathman, Henry, --- Smeathman, --- Travel. --- Homes and haunts. --- Sierra Leone --- S'erra Leone --- Serra Leôa --- Republic of Sierra Leone --- Republik Sierra Leone --- Sierra Leona --- República de Sierra Leona --- République de Sierra Leone --- Repubblica della Sierra Leone --- Сьерра-Леоне --- Республика Сьерра-Леоне --- Respublika Sʹerra-Leone --- Republika ng Sierra Leone --- Cộng hòa Sierra Leone --- Xi-ê-ra Lê-ôn --- 塞拉利昂 --- Sailali'ang --- Saila Li'ang --- シエラレオネ --- Shierareone --- シエラ・レオネ --- Shiera Reone --- Social conditions --- Enslaved persons --- slavery, science, and empire --- late eighteenth-century traveling naturalist --- Atlantic slavery --- biography --- Isle de Los --- 18th-century West Africa --- tropics --- British slave trading --- cultures of collecting in the 18th century --- new archives for Henry Smeathman --- Banana Islands --- 18th-century West Indies --- Joseph Banks --- Bunce Island --- subaltern natural history --- history of African slavery --- Middle Passage --- 18th-century natural history, slavery, and colonization --- 18th-century Sierra Leone --- termites
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