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The authors study the sources and pattern of China's impressive economic growth over the past 25 years and show that key issues currently of concern to policymakers-widening inequality, rural poverty, and resource intensity-are to a large extent rooted in China's growth strategy, and resolving them requires a rebalancing of policies. Using both macroeconomic level and sector data and analyses, the authors extend the growth accounting framework to decompose the sources of labor productivity growth. They find that growth of industrial production, led by a massive investment effort that boosted the capital/labor ratio, has been the single most important factor driving GDP and overall labor productivity growth since the early 1990s. The shift of labor from low-productivity agriculture has been limited, and, hence, contributed only marginally to overall labor productivity growth. The productivity gap between agriculture and the rest of the economy has continued to widen, leading to increased rural-urban income inequality. Looking ahead, the authors calibrate two alternative scenarios. They show that continuing with the current growth pattern would further increase already high investment and saving needs to unsustainable levels, lower urban employment growth, and widen the rural-urban income gap. Instead, reducing subsidies to industry and investment, encouraging the development of the services industry, and reducing barriers to labor mobility would result in a more balanced growth with an investment-to-GDP ratio that is consistent with the medium-term saving trend, faster growth in urban employment, and a substantial reduction in the income gap between rural and urban residents.

Accounting --- Economic Growth --- Economic Theory --- Economic Theory and Research --- Effects --- Employment Growth --- Incentives --- Income --- Investment --- Labor --- Labor Markets --- Labor Mobility --- Labor Movements --- Labor Policies --- Labor Productivity --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Policies --- Poverty Reduction --- Prices --- Pro-Poor Growth --- Production --- Productivity Growth --- Rural Labor --- Social Benefits --- Social Protections and Labor --- Urban Employment --- Value

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Delving beneath Southern California's popular image as a sunny frontier of leisure and ease, this book tells the dynamic story of the life and labor of Los Angeles's large working class. In a sweeping narrative that takes into account more than a century of labor history, John H. M. Laslett acknowledges the advantages Southern California's climate, open spaces, and bucolic character offered to generations of newcomers. At the same time, he demonstrates that-in terms of wages, hours, and conditions of work-L.A. differed very little from America's other industrial cities. Both fast-paced and sophisticated, Sunshine Was Never Enough shows how labor in all its guises-blue and white collar, industrial, agricultural, and high tech-shaped the neighborhoods, economic policies, racial attitudes, and class perceptions of the City of Angels. Laslett explains how, until the 1930's, many of L.A.'s workers were under the thumb of the Merchants and Manufacturers Association. This conservative organization kept wages low, suppressed trade unions, and made L.A. into the open shop capital of America. By contrast now, at a time when the AFL-CIO is at its lowest ebb-a young generation of Mexican and African American organizers has infused the L.A. movement with renewed strength. These stories of the men and women who pumped oil, loaded ships in San Pedro harbor, built movie sets, assembled aircraft, and in more recent times cleaned hotels and washed cars is a little-known but vital part of Los Angeles history.

Working class --- Labor --- Labor movement --- Labor and laboring classes --- Social movements --- Manpower --- Work --- Commons (Social order) --- Laboring class --- Labouring class --- Working classes --- Social classes --- History. --- Employment --- History --- E-books --- agricultural. --- american history. --- blue collar workers. --- california. --- economic policies. --- industrial relations. --- industrialization. --- labor capitals. --- labor historians. --- labor history. --- labor movements. --- labor types. --- laborers. --- los angeles history. --- los angeles. --- merchants and manufacturers association. --- nonfiction. --- race and class. --- san pedro harbor. --- southern california. --- trade unions. --- united states. --- wages. --- white collar workers. --- work hours. --- working class. --- working conditions.

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Michael Omi and Howard Winant's Racial Formation in the United States remains one of the most influential books and widely read books about race. Racial Formation in the 21st Century, arriving twenty-five years after the publication of Omi and Winant's influential work, brings together fourteen essays by leading scholars in law, history, sociology, ethnic studies, literature, anthropology and gender studies to consider the past, present and future of racial formation. The contributors explore far-reaching concerns: slavery and land ownership; labor and social movements; torture and war; sexuality and gender formation; indigineity and colonialism; genetics and the body. From the ecclesiastical courts of seventeenth century Lima to the cell blocks of Abu Grahib, the essays draw from Omi and Winant's influential theory of racial formation and adapt it to the various criticisms, challenges, and changes of life in the twenty-first century.

Sexism. --- Racism. --- Race. --- Racism --- Sex bias --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Prejudices --- Sex (Psychology) --- Social perception --- Sex role --- Bias, Racial --- Race bias --- Race prejudice --- Racial bias --- Anti-racism --- Critical race theory --- Race relations --- Physical anthropology --- Omi, Michael. --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question --- 21st century. --- activists. --- african americans. --- anthropology. --- colonialism. --- contemporary society. --- cultural anthropologists. --- essay collection. --- ethnic studies. --- gender studies. --- genetics. --- historians. --- historical perspective. --- labor movements. --- land ownership. --- law scholars. --- literature. --- modern life. --- nonfiction essays. --- postcolonialism. --- race theory. --- racial formation. --- racial issues. --- sexuality. --- slavery. --- social movements. --- sociologists. --- sociology. --- united states. --- us history. --- war.

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In May 1937, seventy thousand workers walked off their jobs at four large steel companies known collectively as "Little Steel." The strikers sought to make the companies retreat from decades of antiunion repression, abide by the newly enacted federal labor law, and recognize their union. For two months a grinding struggle unfolded, punctuated by bloody clashes in which police, company agents, and National Guardsmen ruthlessly beat and shot unionists. At least sixteen died and hundreds more were injured before the strike ended in failure. The violence and brutality of the Little Steel Strike became legendary. In many ways it was the last great strike in modern America. Traditionally the Little Steel Strike has been understood as a modest setback for steel workers, one that actually confirmed the potency of New Deal reforms and did little to impede the progress of the labor movement. However, The Last Great Strike tells a different story about the conflict and its significance for unions and labor rights. More than any other strike, it laid bare the contradictions of the industrial labor movement, the resilience of corporate power, and the limits of New Deal liberalism at a crucial time in American history.

E-books --- Little Steel Strike, U.S., 1937 --- Iron and steel workers --- New Deal, 1933-1939 --- Labor unions --- History --- Little Steel Strike (United States : 1937) --- New Deal (1933-1939) --- United States --- Little Steel Strike, U.S., 1937. --- New Deal, 1933-1939. --- Iron workers --- Steel workers --- Iron industry and trade --- Metal-workers --- Steel industry and trade --- Steel Strike, U.S., 1937 --- Strikes and lockouts --- Memorial Day Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1937 --- Employees --- Steel industry --- Iron and steel workers - Labor unions - United States - History - 20th century. --- 1930s labor disputes. --- 20th century america. --- 20th century labor movement. --- american history. --- american steel. --- capitalism. --- deadly labor disputes. --- depression era labor. --- industrial labor movements. --- industrial labor. --- labor history. --- labor organization. --- labor rights. --- labor riots. --- labor strikes of the 1930s. --- labor studies. --- last great strike. --- last major strike in america. --- little steel strike. --- little steel. --- new deal reforms. --- social history. --- steel industry. --- union history. --- union rights. --- united steel workers. --- us labor movement.

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Readers will be surprised at many of the findings and arguments of this volume. Skocpol dispels the myth that Americans are inherently hostile to governmental social spending. When universal social programs jointly benefit the middle class and the poor, she shows, Americans since the nineteenth century have been willing to pay taxes for them and happy to partake of the security they provide. Insights from the past also illuminate why ideological attacks against "bureaucratic meddling" by the federal government repeatedly prove so potent in U.S. politics. Skocpol suggests why President Clinton's proposals for comprehensive health care reforms were so quickly attacked, even though Americans agree that the health financing system is in crisis and support universal insurance coverage. Reforming health care, revamping the welfare system, preserving or cutting Social Security, creating employment programs for displaced employees, and revising U.S. social programs to help working parents with children - all of these endeavors and more are part of ongoing national debates about the future of social policy in the United States. In this wide-ranging collection of essays, renowned social scientist Theda Skocpol shows how historical understanding, centered on U.S. governmental institutions and shifting political alliances, can illuminate the limits and possibilities of American social policymaking both past and present.

History of North America --- Social policy --- anno 1900-1999 --- United States --- Etat providence --- Staat [Welvaarts] --- State [Welfare ] --- Welfare state --- Welvaartsstaat --- Etats-Unis --- Politique sociale --- #SBIB:316.8H40 --- #SBIB:35H437 --- #SBIB:35H6030 --- Welfare state. --- State, Welfare --- Economic policy --- Public welfare --- State, The --- Welfare economics --- Sociaal beleid: social policy, sociale zekerheid, verzorgingsstaat --- Beleidssectoren: sociale zekerheid --- Bestuur en beleid: nationale en regionale studies: Verenigde Staten --- Social policy. --- Socialna politika. --- National planning --- State planning --- Family policy --- Social history --- United States of America. --- Združene države Amerike. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- Boer War. --- Bush, George. --- Concord Coalition. --- English Revolution. --- Goldmark, Josephine. --- Grange. --- Knights of Labor. --- Korean War. --- Lockheed Corporation. --- Marshall Plan. --- Mugwumps. --- National Youth Administration. --- OAA. --- Revenue Acts. --- absolutism. --- almshouses. --- capitalism. --- child care. --- democratization. --- dependency. --- distributional policies. --- federalism. --- hospitals. --- individual rights. --- individualism. --- job creation politics. --- labor movements. --- middle class. --- migration. --- parents. --- pension attorneys. --- poorhouses. --- producerism. --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- Amerik --- Америк --- Amerikiĭn Nėgdsėn Uls --- Америкийн Нэгдсэн Улс --- ANU --- АНУ --- Северо-Американские Штаты --- Северо-Американские Соединенные Штаты --- Сѣверо-Американскіе Соединенные Штаты --- Соединенные Штаты Америки --- Соединенные Штаты Северной Америки --- Соединенные Штаты Сѣверной Америки --- США --- ЗДА --- Зьєднані Держави Америки