Listing 1 - 7 of 7 |
Sort by
|
Choose an application
This paper assesses two research questions: has the presence of foreign firms contributed to productivity increases in Turkey, and how could Turkey increase foreign direct investment inflows? First, the analysis applies dynamic regressions in differences over an AMADEUS firm-level data set. Similar to the results for other emerging countries, Turkish firms that received foreign direct investment will see an increase in productivity after the fourth year. The paper finds evidence of negative but small competition spillovers over domestic firms in the same sector of the multinational, as well as positive and large knowledge spillovers to domestic firms in broader two-digit sectors. This finding constitutes a case for foreign direct investment attraction policies in Turkey. Second, based on the findings of the cross-country regressions, the paper argues that Turkey could increase its attractiveness to foreign investors by strengthening institutional quality, in particular the rule of law, and mitigating exchange rate volatility.
Determinants of FDI --- Foreign Direct Investment --- Knowledge Spillovers
Choose an application
When potential beneficiaries share their knowledge and attitudes about a policy intervention, their decision to participate and the effectiveness of both the policy and its evaluation may be influenced. This matters most notably in integrated social policies with several components. In this article, spillover effects on take-up behaviors are investigated in the context of a conditional cash transfer program in rural Mexico. These effects are identified using exogenous variations in the local frequency of beneficiaries generated by the program's randomized evaluation. A higher treatment density in the areas surrounding the evaluation villages is found to increase the take-up of scholarships and enrollment at the lower-secondary level. These cross-village spillovers operate exclusively within households receiving another component of the program, and do not carry over larger distances. While several tests reject heterogeneities in impact due to spatial variations in program implementation, evidence is found suggesting that spillovers stem partly from the sharing of information about the program among eligible households.
Conditional Cash Transfers --- Knowledge Spillovers --- Policy Evaluation --- Social Policy --- Spatial Externalities --- Take-Up
Choose an application
This paper investigates whether the agglomeration of economic activity in regional clusters affects long-run manufacturing total factor productivity growth in an emerging market context. It explores a large firm-level panel dataset for Chile during a period characterized by high growth rates and rising regional income inequality (1992-2004). The findings are clear-cut. Locations with greater concentration of a particular sector did not experience faster growth in total factor productivity during this period. Rather, local sector diversity was associated with higher long-run growth in total factor productivity. However, there is no evidence that the diversity effect was driven by the local interaction with a set of suppliers and/or clients. The authors interpret this as evidence that agglomeration economies are driven by other factors, such as the sharing of access to specialized inputs not provided solely by a single sector, such as skills or financing.
Achieving Shared Growth --- Agglomeration Economies --- Economic Growth --- Economic Theory & Research --- International Economics & Trade --- Knowledge Spillovers --- Labor Policies --- Local Growth --- Political Economy --- Total Factor Productivity Growth --- Chile
Choose an application
This paper examines the relationship between urban agglomeration and firm innovation using a recently developed dataset that consistently measures city boundaries across Asia together with geo-referenced firm-level data. It finds that the spatial distribution of innovation by firms is highly concentrated within countries. Further, firms in larger cities have substantially higher propensities to introduce product and process innovations and undertake R and D activities, a result that holds for subgroups of countries and even when the largest cities are excluded from the analysis. Finally, the presence of high quality universities and highly ranked engineering departments in cities is positively associated with firm innovation, lending support to the idea that the accumulation of human capital locally is a key channel through which urban agglomeration affects innovation.
Choose an application
This paper investigates whether the agglomeration of economic activity in regional clusters affects long-run manufacturing total factor productivity growth in an emerging market context. It explores a large firm-level panel dataset for Chile during a period characterized by high growth rates and rising regional income inequality (1992-2004). The findings are clear-cut. Locations with greater concentration of a particular sector did not experience faster growth in total factor productivity during this period. Rather, local sector diversity was associated with higher long-run growth in total factor productivity. However, there is no evidence that the diversity effect was driven by the local interaction with a set of suppliers and/or clients. The authors interpret this as evidence that agglomeration economies are driven by other factors, such as the sharing of access to specialized inputs not provided solely by a single sector, such as skills or financing.
Achieving Shared Growth --- Agglomeration Economies --- Economic Growth --- Economic Theory & Research --- International Economics & Trade --- Knowledge Spillovers --- Labor Policies --- Local Growth --- Political Economy --- Total Factor Productivity Growth --- Chile
Choose an application
This research explores different probability models of labor demand induced by the innovative behavior of Pe-ruvian enterprises in two levels, national average and of three particular industries: cultural and creative indus-tries, Knowledge Intensive Business Services (kibs), and high- and medium-high technology (hmht). Internation-al evidence suggests that such activities have the power to generate new knowledge which once disseminated can, at the same time, influence the innovative behavior of other sectors. The independent variables are grouped into internal and external determinants to the compa-ny, which act on it through knowledge spillovers. It was found that, for an average company that introduced one of the three types of innovation analyzed and that hired personnel as a result of these introductions, the largest important number of knowledge spillovers comes re-spectively from the kibs, creative and cultural industries and hmht. However, it is also observed that the magni-tude of knowledge spillovers from innovative companies in creative and cultural industries over kibs is greater than that observed in the other way round, that is, kibswould benefit more from creative and cultural indus-tries as external source of knowledge that vice versa. Therefore, to sum up, creative and cultural industries are important to promote innovation in the economy as a whole.
Higher education. --- Administración cultural --- Industria cultural --- Industria Cultural --- Aspectos económicos --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- Universities and colleges --- Education --- Cultural and creative industries --- labor demand --- innovation capabilities --- knowledge spillovers --- Differentiated Knowledge Bases
Choose an application
How much credit can be given to entrepreneurship for the unprecedented innovation and growth of free-enterprise economies? In this book, some of the world's leading economists tackle this difficult and understudied question, and their responses shed new light on how free-market economies work--and what policies most encourage their growth. The contributors take as their starting point William J. Baumol's 2002 book The Free-Market Innovation Machine (Princeton), which argued that independent entrepreneurs are far more important to growth than economists have traditionally thought, and that an implicit partnership between such entrepreneurs and large corporations is critical to the success of market economies. The contributors include the editors and Robert M. Solow, Kenneth J. Arrow, Michael M. Weinstein, Douglass C. North, Barry R. Weingast, Ying Lowrey, Nathan Rosenberg, Melissa A. Schilling, Corey Phelps, Sylvia Nasar, Boyan Jovanovic, Peter L. Rousseau, Edward N. Wolff, Deepak Somaya, David J. Teece, Naomi R. Lamoreaux, Kenneth L. Sokoloff, Yochanan Shachmurove, Ralph E. Gomory, Jonathan Eaton, Samuel S. Kortum, Alan S. Blinder, Robert J. Shiller, Burton G. Malkiel, and Edmund S. Phelps.
American Marconi Corporation. --- Athanasoulis, Stefano. --- Bergson, Henri. --- Blanchard, Thomas. --- Brush Electric Company. --- Burlington and Quincy Railroad. --- Carothers, Wallace. --- Cisco Systems. --- Cromwell, Oliver. --- DiCaprio, Leonardo. --- Digital. --- Eaton, Jonathan. --- Economides, Nicholas. --- Emerson, Ralph Waldo. --- Fleming, Alexander. --- Genentech. --- Gomory, Ralph E. --- Hamilton, Alexander. --- Hobbes, Thomas. --- Index of Economic Freedom. --- Intel Corporation. --- James, William. --- Jansky, Karl. --- Jovanovic, Boyan. --- Keller, Wolfgang. --- Keynes, John Maynard. --- Langmuir, Irving. --- Lawrence, Andrew. --- Leonardo da Vinci. --- Lowrey, Ying. --- Mao Zedong. --- Marx, Karl. --- Mauro, Paolo. --- Mowery, David. --- Nasar, Sylvia. --- National Science Foundation. --- Nordhaus, William. --- Oak Park, Illinois. --- Panofsky, Wolfgang. --- Pasteur, Louis. --- aggregative growth theory. --- antitrust policy. --- civil service examinations. --- corporatism. --- democracy. --- eBay. --- engineering disciplines. --- exact boundary theorem. --- exogenous growth models. --- expropriation, governmental. --- intellectual property. --- knowledge spillovers. --- lasers. --- networks: alliance. --- new growth economics. --- optimal portfolio of innovations. --- patent agents.
Listing 1 - 7 of 7 |
Sort by
|