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Kava (Beverage) --- Kava (Boisson) --- Kava (Ceremonie) --- Kava (Drank) --- Kava (Plante) --- Kava ceremonie --- Kava ceremony --- Kava plant --- Ethnology --- Oceania --- Anthropologie sociale et culturelle --- Social life and customs --- Kava plant. --- Kava ceremony. --- Ethnology - Oceania. --- Oceania - Social life and customs.

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(96) POLYNESIA --- (951) NOUVELLE GUINEE --- 001.4 TERMINOLOGY --- 025.4 CLASSIFICATION --- (9) OCEANIA --- 311.213.2 SAMPLING --- Ethnobotany --- Kava plant --- Ava (Plant) --- ʻAwa --- Cava (Plant) --- Kava-kava --- Kava pepper --- Kavakava --- Piper methysticum --- Piper (Genus) --- Indigenous peoples --- Ethnobiology --- Plants --- Human-plant relationships --- Varieties

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Ron Brunton revives a problem posed by the great anthropologist W. H. R. Rivers in History of Melanesian Society (1914): how to explain the strange geographical distribution of kava, a narcotic drink once widely consumed by south-west Pacific islanders. Rivers believed that it was abandoned by many people even before European contact in favour of another drug, betel, drawing his speculations from the ideas of the diffusionist school of anthropology. However, Dr Brunton disagrees. Taking the varying fortunes of kava on the island of Tanna, Vanauta, as his starting point, he suggests that kava's abandonment can best be explained in terms of its association with unstable religious cults, and not because of the adoption of betel. The problem of kava is therefore part of a broader problem of why many traditional Melanesian societies were characteristically highly unstable, and Dr Brunton sees this instability as both an outcome and a cause of weak institutions of authority and social coordination.

Kava (Beverage) --- Kava ceremony --- Tanna (Ni-Vanuatu people) --- Drug use. --- Social conditions. --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology --- Tanna (Vanuatu people) --- Tanna (Vanuatuan people) --- Tannese (Ni-Vanuatu people) --- Ethnology --- Melanesians --- Drinking customs --- Ava (Beverage) --- Cava (Beverage) --- Kaava --- Kawa --- Yagona --- Beverages --- Rivers, W. H. R. --- Rivers, William Halse Rivers,

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"Language of the Snakes traces the history of the Prakrit language as a literary phenomenon, starting from its cultivation in courts of the Deccan in the first few centuries of the common era. Although little studied today, Prakrit was an important vector of the "kavya movement," and once joined Sanskrit at the apex of classical Indian literary culture. The opposition--as well as underlying identity--between Prakrit and Sanskrit was at the center of an enduring "language order" in India, a set of ways of thinking about, naming, classifying, representing, and ultimately using languages. As a language of classical literature that nevertheless retained its associations with more demotic language practices, Prakrit both embodies major cultural tensions--between high and low, transregional and regional, cosmopolitan and vernacular--and provides a unique perspective onto the history of literature and culture in South Asia."--Provided by publisher.

History --- Asian history --- Prakrit literature --- Prakrit languages. --- Sanskrit literature --- Language and culture --- History and criticism. --- Culture and language --- Culture --- Extinct languages --- Indo-Aryan languages, Middle --- asian history. --- asian literature. --- classical indian literary culture. --- classical literature. --- common era. --- cosmopolitan. --- creating a new language. --- cultural tensions. --- deccan. --- demotic language practices. --- first centuries. --- india. --- indian literary criticism. --- kava movement. --- language history. --- language order. --- language. --- literary phenomenon. --- old languages. --- prakrit. --- regional. --- sanskrit. --- south asia. --- transregional. --- vernacular.

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Biocultural restoration is a process by which the various connections between humanity and nature, as well as between People and Place are revived to restore the health and function of social-ecological systems. This collection explores the subject of biocultural restoration and does so within the context of Hawaiʻi, the most remote archipelago on the planet. The Hawaiian Renaissance, which started in the 1970s, has led to a revival of Hawaiian language, practices, philosophy, spirituality, knowledge systems, and systems of resource management. Many of the leading Indigenous and local scholars of Hawaiʻi who were born into the time of the Hawaiian Renaissance contributed to this collection. More than a third of the authors are of Indigenous Hawaiian ancestry; each paper had at least one Indigenous Hawaiian author, and several papers had a Hawaiian lead author, making this the largest collection to date of scientific publications authored by Indigenous Hawaiians (Kānaka ʻŌiwi). In addition, the majority of authors are women, and two of the papers had 100 percent authorship by women. This collection represents a new emphasis in applied participatory research that involves academics, government agencies, communities and both private and non-profit sectors.

Research & information: general --- ridge-to-reef --- groundwater --- land-use --- nutrients --- bleaching --- scenario --- resilience --- collaboration --- scientific tools --- management --- alternative regime state --- portable biocultural toolkit --- social-ecological system theory --- Hawaii --- Colocasia esculenta --- biocultural monitoring --- community engagement --- community-based management --- indigenous knowledge --- indigenous science --- Hawaiʻi --- human land use footprint --- traditional ecological knowledge --- biocultural restoration --- social-ecological system --- Hawaiian Islands --- biocapacity --- sustainability --- sacred ecology --- biocultural conservation --- Hawai‘i --- biocultural resource management (BRM) --- ahupuaa --- social-ecological community --- social-ecological zone --- traditional resource management --- konohiki --- co-management --- institutional fit --- social-ecological systems --- fisheries --- breadfruit --- food systems --- Artocarpus altilis --- indigenous resource management --- traditional agriculture --- indigenous agriculture --- biocultural --- restoration --- food energy water --- ecosystem services --- cultural services --- sustainable agriculture --- taro --- wetland agriculture --- flooded field systems --- lo‘i kalo --- sediment --- cultural revitalization --- sweet potato --- kava --- sugarcane --- research ethics --- mariculture --- aquaculture --- community restoration --- conservation ecology --- Native Hawaiian fishpond --- microbes --- microbial source tracking --- Native Hawaiian --- agro-ecology --- ‘āina momona