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There is growing interest in the use of physical plasmas (ionized gases) for biomedical applications, especially in the framework of so-called “plasma medicine”, which exploits the action of low-power, atmospheric pressure plasmas for therapeutic purposes. Such plasmas are “cold plasmas”, in the sense that only electrons have a high temperature, whereas ions and the neutral gas particles are at or near room temperature. As a consequence, the “plasma flame” can be directly applied to living matter without appreciable thermal load. Reactive chemical species, charged particles, visible and UV radiation, and electric fields are interaction channels of the plasma with pathogens, cells, and tissues, which can trigger a variety of different responses. Possible applications include disinfection, wound healing, cancer treatment, non-thermal blood coagulation, just to mention some. The understanding of the mechanisms of plasma action on living matter requires a strongly interdisciplinary approach, with competencies ranging from plasma physics and technology to chemistry, to biology and finally to medicine. This book is a collection of work that explores recent advances in this field.

n/a --- decontamination --- plasma-treated water --- tissue damage --- regeneration --- Escherichia coli --- water treatment --- kINPen --- biofilm --- dielectric barrier discharge --- metamorphosis --- non-thermal plasma --- lymphocytes --- low-current arc --- keratinocytes --- ultrastructure --- tap water --- bio-target --- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma --- infection --- oxygen plasma --- tadpoles --- dentistry --- apoptosis --- fear-free dentistry --- plasma-surface interaction --- plasma medicine --- macrophages --- plasma-activated medium --- reactive oxygen species --- developmental plasticity --- reactive species --- atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) --- cold atmospheric plasmas --- jet plasma --- cold atmospheric plasma jet --- bio-decontamination --- atmospheric pressure plasma --- cold argon plasma --- RONS --- plasma device --- blood coagulation --- mitochondria --- antimicrobial activity --- tooth whitening --- cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) --- plasma --- inductively-limited discharge

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In the last decade, research on cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has significantly advanced our understanding of the effect of CAP on cancer cells and their potential for cancer treatment. This effect is due to the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) created by plasma. This has been demonstrated for different cancer cell lines and the first clinical trials showed promising results. In addition, plasma could be combined with other treatments—such as immunotherapy—to boost its anticancer activity. The addition of new research tools to study the response of cancer cells to CAP—such as 3D in vitro, in ovo, and in vivo models and in silico approaches—as well as the use of -OMICS technologies could aid in unravelling the underlying mechanisms of CAP in cancer treatment. In order to progress towards widespread clinical application of CAP, an integrated study of the multidimensional effect of CAP in cancer treatment is essential. In this book, reviews and original research papers are published that provide new insights into the mechanisms of cold atmospheric plasma in cancer treatment, based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, clinical studies, as well as computer modeling.

Medicine --- cell adhesion --- plasma medicine --- oncology --- cold atmospheric plasma --- selectivity --- plasma-treated liquid --- dielectric barrier discharge --- pancreatic cancer --- pancreatic stellate cells --- immunogenic cell death --- dendritic cells --- cell communication --- extracellular matrix (ECM) --- reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS) --- tumour microenvironment (TME) --- extracellular vesicles --- communication junctions --- three-dimensional in vitro culture models --- apoptosis --- breast cancer --- genome-wide expression --- reactive oxygen species --- anticancer drugs --- screening --- tumor spheroids --- combination therapy --- kINPen --- reactive oxygen and nitrogen species --- ROS --- cancer --- non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) --- indirect treatment --- plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline --- electroporation --- electric pulses --- pulsed electric field amplitude --- melanoma --- long-lived reactive species --- bone cancer --- osteosarcoma --- reactive species --- plasma-activated liquid --- Ringer's saline --- organotypic model --- nonthermal biocompatible plasma --- soft jet plasma --- human glioblastoma --- p38/MAPK pathway --- tissue penetration --- non-thermal plasma --- non-invasive plasma treatment (NIPP) --- cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) --- Raman imaging --- Raman microspectroscopy --- Plasma lipid interactions --- cold physical plasma --- radiation therapy --- radio-frequency discharge --- PARP-inhibitor --- olaparib --- DNA-damage --- gold quantum dots --- plasma --- nanomaterials --- cellular uptake --- invasiveness --- cold atmospheric pressure plasma --- plasma-activated Ringer's lactate solution --- ovarian cancer --- cytotoxicity --- plasma-activated liquids --- multicellular tumor spheroids --- long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species --- high frequency electrosurgery --- plasma treatment --- cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) --- free radicals --- cancer selectivity --- cervical cancer treatment --- cervical intraepithelial neoplasia --- cholangiocarcinoma --- cold plasma --- innovative therapy --- tumor cells --- macrophages --- plasma selectivity --- plasma jet