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Given that the threat of water shortage is expanding across the globe, the evolution of advanced technologies that enable water purification and, thus, water re-use in an energy and resource efficient manner are of great importance. In this regard, nanomaterials have been playing a crucial role and offering new opportunities for the construction of permeable and selective membranes and adsorbents. Such features are of paramount importance, particularly given the limited available energy resources. In this book, several recent studies are introduced that deal with water treatment via nanomaterial-based technologies. Such state-of-the-art technologies have employed nanomaterials that are made of polymer, composite, ceramic, and carbon, etc., and are shaped in various dimensionalities and forms such as particle (0D), fiber (1D), and film (2D–3D). The nanostructured membranes and adsorbents as well as photocatalytic nanosystems capable of active photodecomposition of organic pollutants, e.g., dyes, are the main focal points of discussion.

History of engineering & technology --- carbon --- nanofiber --- membrane --- urease --- biomolecules --- water treatment --- photocatalysis --- semi-passive --- anodization --- buoyant catalyst --- 2,4-D --- LED --- mesh --- biomass activated carbon --- methyl orange --- pulse electrodeposition --- zero valent iron nanoparticles --- nanocomposite fibers --- mineralization --- water remediation --- organic pollutants --- nanocatalysts --- nanomembranes --- nanosorbents --- nanomaterial applications --- waste water treatment --- nanomaterial challenges --- nanomaterials --- environmental risks --- selenium removal --- wastewater purification --- nanoadsorbents --- carbon magnetic iron oxide particles --- bench scale column extraction --- column kinetics --- nanomaterial --- adsorption --- nanohybrids --- ecotoxicology --- carbon --- nanofiber --- membrane --- urease --- biomolecules --- water treatment --- photocatalysis --- semi-passive --- anodization --- buoyant catalyst --- 2,4-D --- LED --- mesh --- biomass activated carbon --- methyl orange --- pulse electrodeposition --- zero valent iron nanoparticles --- nanocomposite fibers --- mineralization --- water remediation --- organic pollutants --- nanocatalysts --- nanomembranes --- nanosorbents --- nanomaterial applications --- waste water treatment --- nanomaterial challenges --- nanomaterials --- environmental risks --- selenium removal --- wastewater purification --- nanoadsorbents --- carbon magnetic iron oxide particles --- bench scale column extraction --- column kinetics --- nanomaterial --- adsorption --- nanohybrids --- ecotoxicology

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Given that the threat of water shortage is expanding across the globe, the evolution of advanced technologies that enable water purification and, thus, water re-use in an energy and resource efficient manner are of great importance. In this regard, nanomaterials have been playing a crucial role and offering new opportunities for the construction of permeable and selective membranes and adsorbents. Such features are of paramount importance, particularly given the limited available energy resources. In this book, several recent studies are introduced that deal with water treatment via nanomaterial-based technologies. Such state-of-the-art technologies have employed nanomaterials that are made of polymer, composite, ceramic, and carbon, etc., and are shaped in various dimensionalities and forms such as particle (0D), fiber (1D), and film (2D–3D). The nanostructured membranes and adsorbents as well as photocatalytic nanosystems capable of active photodecomposition of organic pollutants, e.g., dyes, are the main focal points of discussion.

carbon --- nanofiber --- membrane --- urease --- biomolecules --- water treatment --- photocatalysis --- semi-passive --- anodization --- buoyant catalyst --- 2,4-D --- LED --- mesh --- biomass activated carbon --- methyl orange --- pulse electrodeposition --- zero valent iron nanoparticles --- nanocomposite fibers --- mineralization --- water remediation --- organic pollutants --- nanocatalysts --- nanomembranes --- nanosorbents --- nanomaterial applications --- waste water treatment --- nanomaterial challenges --- nanomaterials --- environmental risks --- selenium removal --- wastewater purification --- nanoadsorbents --- carbon magnetic iron oxide particles --- bench scale column extraction --- column kinetics --- nanomaterial --- adsorption --- nanohybrids --- ecotoxicology

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Adsorption is a well-established operation used for water decontamination and the remediation of industrial effluents. It is also recognized as a key technology for recovering substances of economic interest or those at risk of scarcity. The new sustainability paradigm of the circular economy and the current context of promoting the efficient use of natural resources, water and energy have been motivating the search for eco-friendly adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment and resource recovery. This Special Issue compiles 21 papers (17 research articles and 4 reviews), addressing the removal of heavy metals, toxic metalloids, precious metals and organics from aqueous solution, using a wide variety of adsorbents derived from natural and waste materials.

activated carbon --- modification --- surfactant --- adsorption --- methylene blue --- ions effect --- anionic dye --- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide --- sepiolite --- two-step modification --- electroplating sludge --- hydrothermal process --- heavy metal --- electroplating wastewater --- upcycling --- biochar --- thiourea --- cadmium pollution --- adsorption characteristics --- water treatment --- manganese --- iron --- banana peel --- pre-treatment --- phosphoric acid --- human hair --- kinetics --- isotherms --- biosorption --- algae --- bacteria --- biosorbent --- pharmaceutical waste --- complex nickel-aluminum-zirconium hydroxide --- arsenic ion --- different fractions --- Hg2+ --- characterization --- adsorption mechanism --- bisphenol A --- equilibrium --- heavy metals --- K-type zeolite --- fly ash --- lead --- immobilization --- Pb2+ removal --- sorption --- precipitation --- waste recycling --- removal mechanisms --- solid-to-water ratio --- microcystin --- separation --- water quality --- cyanobacteria --- algal bloom --- phenols --- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons --- wastewater --- precious metals --- hydrometallurgical processing --- selectivity --- pine bark --- olive mill wastewater --- carbon nanotubes --- polydimethilsiloxane --- waste treatment --- phenolic compounds --- resources recovery --- dyes removal --- wastewater treatment --- agrowaste biomass --- diclofenac removal --- advanced oxidation treatments --- low-cost sorbents --- nano zerovalent iron --- granular activated carbon --- organoselenium --- water --- treatment --- cadmium --- cellulose nanofibrils --- iron nanoparticles

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Advances in Nanomaterials in Biomedicine” provided a platform for more than 110 researchers from different countries to present their latest investigations in various fields of nanotechnology, new methods and nanomaterials intended for medical applications. Modern achievements in the field of nanoparticle-based diagnostics, drug delivery and the use of various nanomaterials in the treatment of diseases are presented in 11 original articles. The published reviews provide a comprehensive analysis of the current information on the use of nanomedicine in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and liver fibrosis, in the field of solid tissue engineering and in drug delivery systems.

Medicine --- bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells --- rAAV vectors --- carbon dots --- SOX9 --- TGF-β --- cartilage repair --- silver nanoparticles --- Entada spiralis --- Ceiba pentandra --- antibacterial assay --- catalytic dye reduction --- osteoarthritis --- human articular cartilage --- polymeric micelles --- pro-inflammatory cytokines --- IL-1β --- TNF-α --- nanomaterials --- nanomedicine --- immunotherapy --- oncotherapy --- immune-checkpoint inhibitors --- immunogenic cell death --- nano-vaccines --- nano-conjugates --- immune response --- oxidative stress --- antioxidants --- nanoparticles --- biological nano-antioxidants --- gold nanoparticles --- radiation --- chemotherapy --- radiosensitizer --- drug delivery system --- chemoradiotherapy --- magnetoliposomes --- hydrogels --- magnetolipogels --- self-assembly --- fluorescence --- Förster resonance energy transfer --- polypropylenimine dendrimers --- polyethylenimines --- tyrosine-modified polypropylene-imines --- tyrosine-modified polyethlyenimines --- PPI-Y --- siRNA transfection --- polymeric nanoparticles --- carbosilane --- dendron --- triazine --- amphiphile --- vesicles --- pH-sensitive --- doxorubicin --- methotrexate --- leukaemia --- molecular ultrasound --- nanobubbles --- active targeting --- targeted microbubbles --- angiogenesis --- inflammation --- thrombosis --- clinical translation --- molecular imaging --- liver fibrosis --- diagnosis --- therapy --- theranostics --- targeted drug delivery --- lipid conjugates --- amphiphilic oligonucleotides --- phosphoryl guanidines --- nucleic acid delivery --- leukemia --- iron nanoparticles --- RNA-Seq --- cytotoxicity --- polymers --- biodegradable --- drug delivery --- pharmaceutical --- SQUID --- magnetic properties --- iron content --- magnetite nanoparticles --- superoxide --- aorta --- heart --- nano-biomaterials --- nanotechnology --- scaffolds --- hard tissue engineering --- AuNPs --- AuPEI-NPs --- AuBSA-NPs --- electron microscopy --- ultrastructure of HepG2 cells and spheroids --- ultrastructure of HEK293 cells and spheroids --- penetration of NPs into monolayer and spheroids --- gold nanostars --- photothermal therapy --- photoacoustic imaging --- computed tomography --- cancer --- theranostic agents --- biocompatible nanomaterials --- diagnostics --- nanocarriers --- tissue engineering --- bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells --- rAAV vectors --- carbon dots --- SOX9 --- TGF-β --- cartilage repair --- silver nanoparticles --- Entada spiralis --- Ceiba pentandra --- antibacterial assay --- catalytic dye reduction --- osteoarthritis --- human articular cartilage --- polymeric micelles --- pro-inflammatory cytokines --- IL-1β --- TNF-α --- nanomaterials --- nanomedicine --- immunotherapy --- oncotherapy --- immune-checkpoint inhibitors --- immunogenic cell death --- nano-vaccines --- nano-conjugates --- immune response --- oxidative stress --- antioxidants --- nanoparticles --- biological nano-antioxidants --- gold nanoparticles --- radiation --- chemotherapy --- radiosensitizer --- drug delivery system --- chemoradiotherapy --- magnetoliposomes --- hydrogels --- magnetolipogels --- self-assembly --- fluorescence --- Förster resonance energy transfer --- polypropylenimine dendrimers --- polyethylenimines --- tyrosine-modified polypropylene-imines --- tyrosine-modified polyethlyenimines --- PPI-Y --- siRNA transfection --- polymeric nanoparticles --- carbosilane --- dendron --- triazine --- amphiphile --- vesicles --- pH-sensitive --- doxorubicin --- methotrexate --- leukaemia --- molecular ultrasound --- nanobubbles --- active targeting --- targeted microbubbles --- angiogenesis --- inflammation --- thrombosis --- clinical translation --- molecular imaging --- liver fibrosis --- diagnosis --- therapy --- theranostics --- targeted drug delivery --- lipid conjugates --- amphiphilic oligonucleotides --- phosphoryl guanidines --- nucleic acid delivery --- leukemia --- iron nanoparticles --- RNA-Seq --- cytotoxicity --- polymers --- biodegradable --- drug delivery --- pharmaceutical --- SQUID --- magnetic properties --- iron content --- magnetite nanoparticles --- superoxide --- aorta --- heart --- nano-biomaterials --- nanotechnology --- scaffolds --- hard tissue engineering --- AuNPs --- AuPEI-NPs --- AuBSA-NPs --- electron microscopy --- ultrastructure of HepG2 cells and spheroids --- ultrastructure of HEK293 cells and spheroids --- penetration of NPs into monolayer and spheroids --- gold nanostars --- photothermal therapy --- photoacoustic imaging --- computed tomography --- cancer --- theranostic agents --- biocompatible nanomaterials --- diagnostics --- nanocarriers --- tissue engineering