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Iodine, a key component of thyroid hormones, is considered an essential micronutrient for proper health at all life stages. Indeed, an inadequate dietary intake of iodine is responsible for several functional and developmental abnormalities. The most serious consequences of iodine deficiency include hypothyroidism, early abortion, low birth weight, preterm delivery, neurocognitive impairment, and mental retardation. On the other hand, the consequences of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency, such as goiter, are less well understood but represent an important priority for research and public health practice. Over the last several decades, many countries across the globe have introduced mandatory salt iodization programs, which have dramatically reduced the number of iodine-deficient countries. However, despite substantial progress worldwide, mild-to-moderate deficiency is still prevalent even in many developed countries. Thus, the ongoing monitoring of the population iodine status remains crucially important, and attention may need to be paid to vulnerable life stage groups.

iodine deficiency --- schoolchildren --- pregnancy --- iodine prophylaxis --- iodine deficiency disorders --- goiter --- hypothyroidism --- nutraceuticals --- thyroid function --- dietary supplements --- urinary iodine concentration --- iodine --- thyroid hormones --- thyroglobulin --- thyroid stimulating hormone --- preterm birth --- small for gestational age --- iodine nutrition status --- thyroid disease --- thyrotropin --- urine iodine --- epidemiologic studies --- Korean --- Republic of Moldova --- salt --- sodium --- potassium --- population --- Iodine Status --- Food Frequency Questionnaire --- iodized salt --- iodine intake --- dairy intake --- adults --- iodine status --- human milk --- lactation --- infant growth --- iodine schoolchildren --- goitre --- iodised salt --- water iodine --- iodine pregnant women --- cadmium --- myo-inositol --- seleno-L-methionine --- thyroid --- MCP-1 --- CXCL10 --- carnitine --- flavonoids --- melatonin --- omega-3 --- resveratrol --- selenium --- vitamins --- zinc --- n/a --- perchlorate --- Natrium/Iodide symporter --- endocrine disruptors --- review --- drinking and Food --- Hypothyroidism

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Plants, including vegetables, are an essential element of the human diet, considering their dense nutritional content and bioactive content that could assist in boosting nutritional quality and food security. Plants are exhibiting a colossal rebound in the context of healthier lifestyles, especially as functional foods empowered with bioactive phytochemicals; they synthesize uncountable “ecochemicals” via secondary metabolism, which command medical and socioeconomic significance. Among these secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds are of prime interest and are largely present in medicinal plants, herbs, vegetables, and flowers. These metabolites are at the helm of the bitterness, color, and scent of plants, and are correlated to the beneficial health qualities expressed by the antioxidant capacity. The accretion of these health-promoting phytochemicals depends chiefly on the genetic material and the maturity stage at harvest, notwithstanding the main role that is played by preharvest factors, i.e., eustress, fertilization, irrigation, light, biostimulants, biofortification, and other agronomic practices. This Special Issue is a collection of 11 original research articles addressing the quality of seeds, microgreens, leafy vegetables, herbs, flowers, berries, fruits, and byproducts. Mainly preharvest factors were assessed regarding their effect on the qualitative aspects of the aforementioned plants.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- chromium --- ethnopharmacology --- flavonoids --- glucose-lowering activity --- HPLC --- natural antioxidants --- polyphenol --- air humidity (RH) --- Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata --- controlled environment agriculture (CEA) --- bioactive compounds --- leaf gas exchange --- minerals profile --- genetic material --- protected horticulture --- crop sensor --- functional components --- reflectance spectroscopy --- Apiaceae --- seeds --- antioxidants --- potassium --- total dissolved solids --- protein --- growing season --- Cichorium endivia L. var. crispum Hegi --- yield --- sugars --- mineral profile --- iodine concentration --- functional compounds --- space-stored seeds --- Solanum lycopersicum L. --- weightlessness --- cosmic radiation --- macronutrients --- Spinacia oleracea L. --- carotenoids --- nitrates --- phenolic acids --- UHPLC-HRMS --- chlorophylls --- vitamin C --- trans-resveratrol --- esters --- terpenols --- glycosidic precursors --- harvest time --- Vitis vinifera --- tomato and carrot by-products --- freezing and drying impact --- antioxidant capacity --- polyphenolics --- vitamin E --- greenhouse clear film --- greenhouse diffuse-light film --- spinach yield --- nitrate content --- antioxidant activity --- ascorbic acid --- floating raft system --- biostimulant --- root application --- anthocyanins --- phenols --- reduced sugars --- carbohydrates --- minerals --- pigments --- n/a

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• Reference Manager
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Plants, including vegetables, are an essential element of the human diet, considering their dense nutritional content and bioactive content that could assist in boosting nutritional quality and food security. Plants are exhibiting a colossal rebound in the context of healthier lifestyles, especially as functional foods empowered with bioactive phytochemicals; they synthesize uncountable “ecochemicals” via secondary metabolism, which command medical and socioeconomic significance. Among these secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds are of prime interest and are largely present in medicinal plants, herbs, vegetables, and flowers. These metabolites are at the helm of the bitterness, color, and scent of plants, and are correlated to the beneficial health qualities expressed by the antioxidant capacity. The accretion of these health-promoting phytochemicals depends chiefly on the genetic material and the maturity stage at harvest, notwithstanding the main role that is played by preharvest factors, i.e., eustress, fertilization, irrigation, light, biostimulants, biofortification, and other agronomic practices. This Special Issue is a collection of 11 original research articles addressing the quality of seeds, microgreens, leafy vegetables, herbs, flowers, berries, fruits, and byproducts. Mainly preharvest factors were assessed regarding their effect on the qualitative aspects of the aforementioned plants.

chromium --- ethnopharmacology --- flavonoids --- glucose-lowering activity --- HPLC --- natural antioxidants --- polyphenol --- air humidity (RH) --- Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata --- controlled environment agriculture (CEA) --- bioactive compounds --- leaf gas exchange --- minerals profile --- genetic material --- protected horticulture --- crop sensor --- functional components --- reflectance spectroscopy --- Apiaceae --- seeds --- antioxidants --- potassium --- total dissolved solids --- protein --- growing season --- Cichorium endivia L. var. crispum Hegi --- yield --- sugars --- mineral profile --- iodine concentration --- functional compounds --- space-stored seeds --- Solanum lycopersicum L. --- weightlessness --- cosmic radiation --- macronutrients --- Spinacia oleracea L. --- carotenoids --- nitrates --- phenolic acids --- UHPLC-HRMS --- chlorophylls --- vitamin C --- trans-resveratrol --- esters --- terpenols --- glycosidic precursors --- harvest time --- Vitis vinifera --- tomato and carrot by-products --- freezing and drying impact --- antioxidant capacity --- polyphenolics --- vitamin E --- greenhouse clear film --- greenhouse diffuse-light film --- spinach yield --- nitrate content --- antioxidant activity --- ascorbic acid --- floating raft system --- biostimulant --- root application --- anthocyanins --- phenols --- reduced sugars --- carbohydrates --- minerals --- pigments --- n/a