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Vietnam : Developing a Modern Pension System--Current Challenges and Options for Future Reform.
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Year: 2012 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : The World Bank,

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Abstract

With declining fertility and rising life expectancy, the Vietnamese population is expected to age rapidly, making the development of a modern social security system a pressing priority for Vietnam. The current system faces a number of major challenges, including low coverage rates in both the formal and informal sectors, inequities between different participant groups, lack of financial sustainability, and weak capacity for management and implementation of social insurance programs. Reforms are needed urgently to expand coverage, promote fairness, improve financial sustainability, and modernize the social security administration in order to help ensure income security for Vietnam's aging population in the coming decades. This note aims to contribute to the policy discussions around possible revisions to the social insurance code foreseen for 2013 by reviewing some of these challenges and possible reform options.


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Making Finance Work for Nigeria
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Year: 2009 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : The World Bank,

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This study begins by considering the banking sector and then moves on to issues relating to improving access to finance to support Nigeria's economic growth vision. The second part of the study refers to issues relating to longer-term finance: both the sources of financing, such as pensions and insurance, and their uses in providing financing for resolving Nigeria's crucial infrastructure shortfalls in infrastructure and housing. The final part of the study returns to the fundamental 'plumbing' of the financial system focusing on the legal and regulatory foundation for creditor rights and corporate insolvency, instituting sound corporate governance standards for corporations and banks, and providing secure and low cost transmittal of payments and remittances. While it is difficult to identify a common theme running through this volume without compromising the diversity and nuance of the recommendations, the overarching theme supported by this volume is the importance of exchange of reliable information as the basis for financial transactions between unconnected third parties. Implementation of systems designed to strengthen accounting and reporting standards for banks and corporations, the registration of movable and immovable property, property liens and credit histories as well as exchange of information about prices, interest rates, fees and charges for financials services will considerably enhance the functionality of financial systems and prove crucial in establishing a trusted and robust market-based financial system in support of stable economic growth and development in Nigeria.


Book
Empirical dynamic asset pricing : model specification and econometric assessment
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ISBN: 1282608037 9786612608032 1400829232 Year: 2006 Publisher: Princeton ; Oxford : Princeton University Press,

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Written by one of the leading experts in the field, this book focuses on the interplay between model specification, data collection, and econometric testing of dynamic asset pricing models. The first several chapters provide an in-depth treatment of the econometric methods used in analyzing financial time-series models. The remainder explores the goodness-of-fit of preference-based and no-arbitrage models of equity returns and the term structure of interest rates; equity and fixed-income derivatives prices; and the prices of defaultable securities. Singleton addresses the restrictions on t

Keywords

Capital assets pricing model. --- Pricing --- Econometric models. --- Arbitrage. --- Asymptotic distribution. --- Autocorrelation. --- Autocovariance. --- Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity. --- Bayesian inference. --- Bayesian probability. --- Bond Yield. --- Capital asset pricing model. --- Central limit theorem. --- Collateral Value. --- Conditional expectation. --- Conditional probability distribution. --- Conditional variance. --- Consistent estimator. --- Correlation and dependence. --- Covariance function. --- Covariance matrix. --- Credit risk. --- Credit spread (options). --- Discount function. --- Discrete time and continuous time. --- Doubly stochastic model. --- Dynamic pricing. --- Econometric model. --- Economic equilibrium. --- Economics. --- Equity premium puzzle. --- Ergodic process. --- Estimation theory. --- Estimation. --- Estimator. --- Expectations hypothesis. --- Expected value. --- Forecasting. --- Forward price. --- Forward rate. --- General equilibrium theory. --- Generalized method of moments. --- High-yield debt. --- Inference. --- Interest rate risk. --- Interest rate. --- Investment Horizon. --- Investment strategy. --- Investor. --- Joint probability distribution. --- LIBOR market model. --- Leverage (finance). --- Likelihood function. --- Liquidity premium. --- Liquidity risk. --- Margin (finance). --- Marginal rate of substitution. --- Marginal utility. --- Market Risk Premium. --- Market capitalization. --- Market liquidity. --- Market portfolio. --- Market price. --- Market value. --- Markov model. --- Markov process. --- Mathematical finance. --- Monetary policy. --- Objective Probability. --- Option (finance). --- Parameter. --- Partial equilibrium. --- Portfolio insurance. --- Precautionary savings. --- Predictability. --- Preference (economics). --- Present value. --- Price index. --- Pricing. --- Principal component analysis. --- Probability. --- Real interest rate. --- Repurchase agreement. --- Revaluation of fixed assets. --- Risk aversion. --- Risk management. --- Risk premium. --- Skewness. --- Special case. --- Standard deviation. --- State variable. --- Statistic. --- Stochastic differential equation. --- Stochastic volatility. --- Supply (economics). --- Time series. --- Underlying Security. --- Utility maximization problem. --- Utility. --- Variable (mathematics). --- Vector autoregression. --- Yield curve. --- Yield spread.


Book
Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3038974447 3038974439 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Risk measures play a vital role in many subfields of economics and finance. It has been proposed that risk measures could be analysed in relation to the performance of variables extracted from empirical real-world data. For example, risk measures may help inform effective monetary and fiscal policies and, therefore, the further development of pricing models for financial assets such as equities, bonds, currencies, and derivative securities.A Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” will be devoted to advancements in the mathematical and statistical development of risk measures with applications in finance and economics. This Special Issue will bring together the theory, practice and real-world applications of risk measures. This book is a collection of papers published in the Special Issue of “Risk Measures with Applications in Finance and Economics” for Sustainability in 2018.

Keywords

risk assessment --- VIX --- business groups --- SHARE --- asymptotic approximation --- European stock markets --- whole life insurance --- dynamic hedging --- risk-neutral distribution --- cooperative banks --- Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) --- group-affiliated --- early warning system --- factor models --- smoothing process --- GMC --- falsified products --- S&P 500 index options --- credit derivatives --- corporate sustainability --- term life insurance --- risk management --- crude oil --- financial stability --- social efficiency --- dynamic conditional correlation --- emerging market --- out-of-sample forecast --- financial crisis --- binomial tree --- news release --- green energy --- perceived usefulness --- Bayesian approach --- two-level optimization --- probability of default --- bank risk --- SYMBOL --- information asymmetry --- CoVaR --- probabilistic cash flow --- japonica rice production --- bank profitability --- Monte Carlo Simulations --- gain-loss ratio --- coherent risk measures --- Mezzanine Financing --- national health system --- option value --- conscientiousness --- online purchase intention --- Slovak enterprises --- spot and futures prices --- liquidity premium --- institutional voids --- utility --- random forests --- bankruptcy --- optimizing financial model --- sustainable food security system --- dynamic panel --- co-dependence modelling --- financial performance --- time-varying correlations --- Project Financing --- future health risk --- generalized autoregressive score functions --- volatility spillovers --- financial risks --- simulations --- life insurance --- emotion --- finance risk --- markov regime switching --- diversification --- production frontier function --- Granger causality --- health risk --- risks mitigation --- returns and volatility --- sadness --- low-income country --- the sudden stop of capital inflow --- bank failure --- China’s food policy --- objective health status --- IPO underpricing --- polarity --- climate change --- stock return volatility --- sentiment analysis --- empirical process --- full BEKK --- stochastic frontier model --- perceived ease of use --- volatility transmission --- openness to experience --- sustainability --- low carbon targets --- quasi likelihood ratio (QLR) test --- banking regulation --- sustainable development --- specification testing --- fossil fuels --- time-varying copula function --- tree structures --- monthly CPI data --- coal --- cartel --- regular vine copulas --- sustainability of economic recovery --- ANN --- EGARCH-m --- financial security --- leniency program --- financial hazard map --- uncertainty termination --- causal path --- stakeholder theory --- technological progress --- banking --- investment horizon --- regression model --- two-level CES function --- joy --- the optimal scale of foreign exchange reserve --- carbon emissions --- stochastic volatility --- B-splines --- self-perceived health --- sovereign credit default swap (SCDS) --- RV5MIN --- utility maximization --- credit risk --- policy simulation --- socially responsible investment --- portfolio selection --- scientific verification --- European banking system --- risk-free rate --- wild bootstrap --- medication --- investment profitability --- Amihud’s illiquidity ratio --- multivariate regime-switching --- inflation forecast --- risk aversion --- market timing --- need hierarchy theory --- variance --- diagonal BEKK --- conjugate prior --- risk --- moving averages --- financial risk --- risk measures

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