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This book examines the redress movement for the victims of Japanese military sexual slavery in South Korea, Japan, and the U.S. comprehensively. The Japanese military forcefully mobilized about 80,000-200,000 Asian women to Japanese military brothels and forced them into sexual slavery during the Asian-Pacific War (1932-1945). Korean "comfort women" are believed to have been the largest group because of Korea’s colonial status. The redress movement for the victims started in South Korea in the late 1980s. The emergence of Korean "comfort women" to society to tell the truth beginning in 1991 and the discovery of Japanese historical documents, proving the responsibility of the Japanese military for establishing and operating military brothels by a Japanese historian in 1992 accelerated the redress movement for the victims. The movement has received strong support from UN human rights bodies, the U.S. and other Western countries. It has also greatly contributed to raising people’s consciousness of sexual violence against women at war. However, the Japanese government has not made a sincere apology and compensation to the victims to bring justice to the victims.

Reparations for historical injustices.

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"Our main argument throughout this volume is that the traces carved by unrepaired past injustice endure in the political, social, and economic arrangements bequeathed to the present and future: the systems for transmission of property, wealth, status, authority, power. The volume bridges individual cases, discrete histories, and different regions to generate a multinational and multidisciplinary engagement with questions of reparations"--

Reparations for historical injustices --- Reparations for historical injustices

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Slave trade --- Colonies --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Indemnity --- Social justice

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Combien vaut un déporté? Combien pour une victime des nazis ? Le 15 juillet 1960, un accord diplomatique est signé dans la plus grande discrétion par l'ambassadeur de France à Bonn. La RFA s'engage à payer la somme totale de 250 millions de deutschemarks, au bénéfice des "victimes françaises du national-socialisme". Pourtant, il ne s'agit que d'une étape car bien d'autres dossiers restent à régler... Le Quai d'Orsay y travaillera jusqu'en 2001, soit plus de cinquante ans durant ! L'historien Jean-Marc Dreyfus raconte ici pour la première fois les négociations des suites de la déportation. Pour diverses raisons la crainte de rééditer le traité de Versailles de 1919, les tensions de la guerre froide, les accords furent délicats et souvent source d'incompréhension. Le rapatriement des corps, l'or volé aux juifs, les biens spoliés (avec Vichy en ligne de mire), les criminels de guerre, les comptes bloqués par les banques sont autant de sujets que les diplomates français eurent à traiter avec leurs homologues allemands, dont certains étaient d'anciens nazis. L'auteur montre à quel point l'antisémitisme était courant au Quai d'Orsay, où les rapports avec les Allemands furent facilités sous l'Occupation... Une histoire totalement inédite faite de rebondissements et de drames humains, qui trouve son dénouement à l'aube du XXIe siècle...

World War, 1939-1945 --- War reparations --- War reparations --- Reparations for historical injustices --- Reparations for historical injustices

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Governments increasingly offer or demand apologies for past human rights abuses, and it is widely believed that such expressions of contrition are necessary to promote reconciliation between former adversaries. The post-World War II experiences of Japan and Germany suggest that international apologies have powerful healing effects when they are offered, and poisonous effects when withheld. West Germany made extensive efforts to atone for wartime crimes-formal apologies, monuments to victims of the Nazis, and candid history textbooks; Bonn successfully reconciled with its wartime enemies. By contrast, Tokyo has made few and unsatisfying apologies and approves school textbooks that whitewash wartime atrocities. Japanese leaders worship at the Yasukuni Shrine, which honors war criminals among Japan's war dead. Relations between Japan and its neighbors remain tense.Examining the cases of South Korean relations with Japan and of French relations with Germany, Jennifer Lind demonstrates that denials of past atrocities fuel distrust and inhibit international reconciliation. In Sorry States, she argues that a country's acknowledgment of past misdeeds is essential for promoting trust and reconciliation after war. However, Lind challenges the conventional wisdom by showing that many countries have been able to reconcile without much in the way of apologies or reparations. Contrition can be highly controversial and is likely to cause a domestic backlash that alarms-rather than assuages-outside observers. Apologies and other such polarizing gestures are thus unlikely to soothe relations after conflict, Lind finds, and remembrance that is less accusatory-conducted bilaterally or in multilateral settings-holds the most promise for international reconciliation.

Apologizing --- Reconciliation --- Reparations for historical injustices. --- Political aspects. --- Redress for historical injustices --- Reparation for historical injustices --- Reparations --- Reparations for past injustices --- Restitution for historical injustices --- Peace making --- Peacemaking --- Reconciliatory behavior --- Apology (Psychology) --- Indemnity --- Social justice --- Quarreling --- Social interaction