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Deep inelastic collisions --- Nuclear fusion --- Heavy ion collisions

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This graduate/research level book describes our present knowledge of protons and neutrons, the particles which make up the nucleus of the atom. Experiments using high energy electrons, muons and neutrinos reveal the proton as being made up of point-like constituents, quarks. The strong forces which bind the quarks together are described in terms of the modern theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the 'glue' binding the quarks being mediated by new constituents called gluons. Larger and new particle accelerators probe the interactions between quarks and gluons at shorter distances. The understanding of this detailed substructure and of the fundamental forces responsible is one of the keys to unravelling the physics of the structure of matter. This book will be of interest to all theoretical and experimental particle physicists.

Protons. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Deep inelastic collisions. --- Field theory (Physics)

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These proceedings present the most up-to-date status of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) physics. Topics such as structure function measurements and phenomenology, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) studies in DIS and photoproduction, spin physics and diffractive interactions are reviewed in detail, with emphasis on those studies that push the test of QCD and the Standard Model to the limits of their present range of validity, towards both the very high and the very low four-momentum transfers in lepton-proton scattering.

Deep inelastic collisions --- Photonuclear reactions --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Damp inelastic collisions --- Deep inelastic scattering --- Deep inelastic transfers --- Incomplete fusion --- Inelastic collisions, Damp --- Inelastic collisions, Deep --- Quasi-fission --- Relaxed peak process (Nuclear physics) --- Strongly damped collision (Nuclear physics) --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear reactions --- Diffraction

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Elementary particles --- Champs [Théorie des ] (Physique) --- Collisions inélastiques profondes --- Damp inelastic collisions --- Deep inelastic collisions --- Deep inelastic scattering --- Deep inelastic transfers --- Diepe onelastische collisies --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- Field theory (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Incomplete fusion --- Inelastic collisions [Damp ] --- Inelastic collisions [Deep ] --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Particules (Physique nucléaire) --- Partikels (Kernfysica) --- Protonen --- Protons --- Quasi-fission --- Relaxed peak process (Nuclear physics) --- Strongly damped collision (Nuclear physics) --- Veldtheorie (Fysica) --- Deep inelastic collisions. --- Protons. --- Field theory (Physics). --- Particles (Nuclear physics).

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The production of heavy quarks in high-energy experiments offers a rich field to study, both experimentally and theoretically. Due to the additional quark mass, the description of these processes in the framework of perturbative QCD is much more demanding than it is for those involving only massless partons. In the last two decades, a large amount of precision data has been collected by the deep inelastic HERA experiment. In order to make full use of these data, a more precise theoretical description of charm quark production in deep inelastic scattering is needed. This work deals with the first calculation of fixed moments of the NNLO heavy flavor corrections to the proton structure function F2 in the limit of a small charm-quark mass. The correct treatment of these terms will allow not only a more precise analysis of the HERA data, but starting from there also a more precise determination of the parton distribution functions and the strong coupling constant, which is an essential input for LHC physics. The complexity of this calculation requires the application and development of technical and mathematical methods, which are also explained here in detail.

Deep inelastic collisions. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) -- Flavor. --- Inelastic scattering --- Deep inelastic collisions --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Quarks --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Nuclear Physics --- Atomic Physics --- Charm --- Charm. --- Charm (Nuclear physics) --- Charmed particles (Nuclear physics) --- Damp inelastic collisions --- Deep inelastic scattering --- Deep inelastic transfers --- Incomplete fusion --- Inelastic collisions, Damp --- Inelastic collisions, Deep --- Quasi-fission --- Relaxed peak process (Nuclear physics) --- Strongly damped collision (Nuclear physics) --- Physics. --- Nuclear physics. --- Elementary particles (Physics). --- Quantum field theory. --- Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory. --- Particle and Nuclear Physics. --- Mathematical Methods in Physics. --- Quantum theory --- Collisions (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear reactions --- Quantum theory. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Mathematics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Relativity (Physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics