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Extending the traditional treatment of the corporate tax to an economy with a progressive personal tax fundamentally changes the analysis. While the corporate tax system (CTS) does increase the total tax rate on corporate source income for some investors, the exclusion of retained earnings implies that the CTS lowers the tax rate for high-income investors. Analyzing such an economy requires replacing the traditional "equal-yield" equilibrium condition with a more general portfolio balance model. In this model, introducing a CTS can actually increase the corporate share of the capital stock even though the relative tax rate on corporate income rises.
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We investigate the optimal rate structure of an income tax system that is constrained to have only two brackets, plus a demogrant. We find that, in a two-class economy, Pareto efficient tax schedules feature at least one marginal tax rate equal to zero, and that the marginal tax rate may be increasing or declining. We next use numerical optimization techniques to study the optimal structure of such a tax system in a multi-person model that is a stylized version of an actual economy. We discover that in all cases the tax rate in the second (higher) bracket is less than the tax rate that applies to the first bracket but that progressivity, in the sense of a uniformly rising average tax rate, generally obtains. Compared to the optimal one-bracket (linear) tax system, both the highest and lowest income individuals are better off, while a middle range of taxpayers is worse off.
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Geld zurück vom Finanzamt! Verschaffen Sie sich mit dem Steuerratgeber für Arbeitnehmer einen schnellen Überblick über steuerliche Fragestellungen: - Wer muss bis wann wo seine Einkommensteuererklärung abgeben? - Wie ermittle ich die Summe meiner Einkünfte und mein zu versteuerndes Einkommen? Informieren Sie sich insbesondere über: - Lohnersatzleistungen und Progressionsvorbehalt - Steuerbegünstigte Gehaltszuwendungen - Doppelte Haushaltsführung - Fahrtkosten und Entfernungspauschale - Ausländische Einkünfte Mit zahlreichen Praxis-Tipps, anschaulichen Berechnungsbeispielen, ABC der wichtigsten Werbungskosten und beispielhaft ausgefüllten Steuerformularen zum Download.
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Anlässlich des Symposiums "Grundeinkommen: bedingungslos" trafen sich im Jahr 2006 Wissenschaftler, Politiker und Grundeinkommensbefürworter in Karlsruhe, um über diesen radikalen Vorschlag zu diskutieren.
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