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Mechanical and hydraulic soil properties are strongly affected by the degree of saturation, with important consequences for earthen embankments, soil–vegetation–atmosphere interactions, geoenvironmental applications, and risk mitigation. The presence of sloping ground surfaces is common. In slightly inclined natural slopes, susceptible to deep landslides, the unsaturated condition of shallow soil horizons affects deep pore water pressures and, therefore, global stability. The stability of steep mountains covered by shallow deposits is often guaranteed by a shear strength contribution related to the unsaturated condition. In this case, the degree of saturation plays a key role in determining which rainfall events can act as landslide triggers, consequently controlling the post-failure evolution. Partial saturation is the basic characteristic of soils used as construction materials of geo-structures such as levees, dikes, and dams. It governs the structure behavior during construction phases, in serviceability, and in extreme scenarios. Hoping to provide a bridge between theoretical research and practical applications, this Special Issue collects quality contributions related to natural and artificial slopes under unsaturated conditions, focusing on aspects such as: water retention and transport properties, mechanical behavior, advances in experimental methods, laboratory and in situ characterization, field monitoring, geotechnical and geophysical field tests, landslide investigation and prevention, the design and maintenance of engineered slopes, and the constitutive and numerical modeling of hydro-mechanical behavior.

landslide --- soil slide --- LAMP --- soil water content --- soil moisture --- monitoring --- calibration --- installation --- rainfall --- debris flow --- in situ characterization --- triaxial tests --- unsaturated conditions --- unsaturated slope --- Ruedlingen field experiment --- lateral resistance --- limit equilibrium solution --- riverbank --- unsaturated soils --- water retention curve --- unsaturated permeability curve --- transient seepage --- slope stability --- pyroclastic soils --- infiltration --- capillary barriers --- stability analysis --- water retention --- suction --- silty sands --- commercial experimental techniques --- n/a

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Mechanical and hydraulic soil properties are strongly affected by the degree of saturation, with important consequences for earthen embankments, soil–vegetation–atmosphere interactions, geoenvironmental applications, and risk mitigation. The presence of sloping ground surfaces is common. In slightly inclined natural slopes, susceptible to deep landslides, the unsaturated condition of shallow soil horizons affects deep pore water pressures and, therefore, global stability. The stability of steep mountains covered by shallow deposits is often guaranteed by a shear strength contribution related to the unsaturated condition. In this case, the degree of saturation plays a key role in determining which rainfall events can act as landslide triggers, consequently controlling the post-failure evolution. Partial saturation is the basic characteristic of soils used as construction materials of geo-structures such as levees, dikes, and dams. It governs the structure behavior during construction phases, in serviceability, and in extreme scenarios. Hoping to provide a bridge between theoretical research and practical applications, this Special Issue collects quality contributions related to natural and artificial slopes under unsaturated conditions, focusing on aspects such as: water retention and transport properties, mechanical behavior, advances in experimental methods, laboratory and in situ characterization, field monitoring, geotechnical and geophysical field tests, landslide investigation and prevention, the design and maintenance of engineered slopes, and the constitutive and numerical modeling of hydro-mechanical behavior.

Technology: general issues --- landslide --- soil slide --- LAMP --- soil water content --- soil moisture --- monitoring --- calibration --- installation --- rainfall --- debris flow --- in situ characterization --- triaxial tests --- unsaturated conditions --- unsaturated slope --- Ruedlingen field experiment --- lateral resistance --- limit equilibrium solution --- riverbank --- unsaturated soils --- water retention curve --- unsaturated permeability curve --- transient seepage --- slope stability --- pyroclastic soils --- infiltration --- capillary barriers --- stability analysis --- water retention --- suction --- silty sands --- commercial experimental techniques --- n/a

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With increasing power levels and power densities in electronics systems, thermal issues are becoming more and more critical. The elevated temperatures result in changing electrical system parameters, changing the operation of devices, and sometimes even the destruction of devices. To prevent this, the thermal behavior has to be considered in the design phase. This can be done with thermal end electro-thermal design and simulation tools. This Special Issue of Energies, edited by two well-known experts of the field, Prof. Marta Rencz, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, and by Prof. Lorenzo Codecasa, Politecnico di Milano, collects twelve papers carefully selected for the representation of the latest results in thermal and electro-thermal system simulation. These contributions present a good survey of the latest results in one of the most topical areas in the field of electronics: The thermal and electro-thermal simulation of electronic components and systems. Several papers of this issue are extended versions of papers presented at the THERMINIC 2018 Workshop, held in Stockholm in the fall of 2018. The papers presented here deal with modeling and simulation of state-of-the-art applications that are highly critical from the thermal point of view, and around which there is great research activity in both industry and academia. Contributions covered the thermal simulation of electronic packages, electro-thermal advanced modeling in power electronics, multi-physics modeling and simulation of LEDs, and the characterization of interface materials, among other subjects.

thermal interface material --- thermal aging --- modeling --- LED compact thermal models --- niobium pentoxide --- model-order reduction --- ferromagnetic cores --- LED digital twin --- Cauer RC ladder --- in-situ characterization --- electronic packages --- time domain thermoreflectance --- multi-domain compact model --- power LEDs --- DC–DC converters --- structure function --- boundary condition independent --- electric aircraft --- multi-LED --- modelling --- light emitting diodes --- thin film --- JEDEC metrics --- tool agnostic --- power losses --- switching --- dynamic thermal compact model --- thermal transient testing --- reliability --- thermal transient analysis --- thermal simulation --- non-destructive testing --- IGBT --- carbon nanotubes --- compact thermal model --- power semiconductor devices --- SPICE --- phosphor light conversion --- thermal management --- LED luminaire design --- design flow --- thermal characterization --- motor cooling --- thermal phenomena --- silicone dome --- LED --- secondary heat path --- multi-domain modelling --- heating and optical power --- transient analysis --- thermal testability --- thermal conductivity --- multiple heat source