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Digital image correlation. --- Textile fabrics --- Testing.

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This work presents two applications of Digital Image Correlation in tests on short coupling beams and shear walls. This type of reinforced concrete members are typically subjected to high shear forces and are susceptible to shear failures along diagonal cracks.

The general principles of DIC and their practical application are studied and described. Based on DIC analysis, the kinematics of the two reinforced concrete members are illustrated and compared to a two-degree-of-freedom kinematic model for short coupling beams and to a three-degree-of-freedom kinematic model for shear-dominated walls in order to assess their performance. It is shown that the kinematic model underestimates the deformations of the beam, while the wall’s deformation patterns are well predicted. 

Methods to evaluate the load-bearing mechanisms based on DIC are also presented. For aggregate interlock, three different crack models are used to determine the shear transferred through the critical crack based on crack opening and slip. The shear carried by the critical loading zone is evaluated through constitutive stress-strain relations for the concrete. It is shown that sum of all contributions from shear mechanisms gives a shear force of the same order of magnitude as the measured applied shear force. In the coupling beam, about 45% of the applied shear force is estimated to be resisted by transverse reinforcement, 35% by the critical loading zones, and 20% is transferred through aggregate interlock. The shear wall was only provided with a few stirrups and their contribution was only about 16%, the aggregate interlock contribution was 8%, while the critical loading zone carried about 76% of the applied shear force. These results represent a first valuable insight into how shear is shared among different mechanisms and can be used to inform and improve models for the shear behavior of non-slender reinforced concrete members.

coupling beams --- shear walls --- kinematic model --- digital image correlation (DIC) --- shear behavior --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie civile

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Digital image correlation (DIC) has become the most popular full field measurement technique in experimental mechanics. It is a versatile and inexpensive measurement method that provides a large amount of experimental data. Because DIC takes advantage of a huge variety of image modalities, the technique allows covering a wide range of space and time scales. Stereo extends the scope of DIC to non-planar cases, which are more representative of industrial use cases. With the development of tomography, digital volume correlation now provides access to volumetric data, enabling the study of the inner behavior of materials and structures.However, the use of DIC data to quantitatively validate models or accurately identify a set of constitutive parameters remains challenging. One of the reasons lies in the compromises between measurement resolution and spatial resolution. Second, the question of the boundary conditions is still open. Another reason is that the measured displacements are not directly comparable with usual simulations. Finally, the use of full field data leads to new computational challenges.

n/a --- image classification --- non-contact video gauge --- X-ray microtomography --- initial condition --- accuracy --- digital image correlation technique --- digital volume correlation --- optical coherence elastography --- automated fiber placement (AFP) --- copper plate --- rupture speed --- layered material --- non-liner dynamic deformation --- composite inspection --- automated systems --- finite element method --- strain measurement --- virtual fields method --- digital volumetric speckle photography --- spatiotemporal evolution --- non-contact measurement --- composite materials --- strain --- interior 3D deformation --- high-speed camera --- gradient correlation functions --- spatial sampling rate --- stress intensity factor --- static analysis --- finite element model updating --- fracture process zone --- elevated temperature --- geosciences --- monitoring --- red sandstone --- structural testing --- cross dichroic prism --- arch structures --- traceable calibration --- stress concentration --- fault geometry --- slip velocity --- uniaxial tensile test --- experimental mechanics --- multi-perspective --- image registration --- super pressure balloon --- stress-strain relationship --- error --- measurement --- earthquake rupture --- acoustic emission technique --- composite structures --- 3D deformation --- traction continuity across interfaces --- DIC --- laser speckles --- image shadowing --- dynamic interfacial rupture --- Digital image correlation (DIC) --- strain gage --- inverse method --- digital image correlation --- characterization of composite materials --- automated composite manufacturing --- woven composite beam --- machine learning --- experimental-numerical method --- 3D digital image correlation --- underwater impulsive loading --- image cross-correlation --- interlaminar tensile strength --- large deformation --- single camera --- image correlation

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This Special Issue consists of selected papers from the Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 conference. Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 was organized with the support of the Czech Society for Mechanics, Expert Group of Experimental Mechanics, and was, for this particular year, held online in 19–22 October 2020. The objectives of the conference included identification of current situation, sharing professional experience and knowledge, discussing new theoretical and practical findings, and the establishment and strengthening of relationships between universities, companies, and scientists from the field of experimental mechanics in mechanical and civil engineering. The topics of the conference were focused on experimental research on materials and structures subjected to mechanical, thermal–mechanical, and dynamic loading, including damage, fatigue, and fracture analyses. The selected papers deal with top-level contemporary phenomena, such as modern durable materials, numerical modeling and simulations, and innovative non-destructive materials’ testing.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- residual stresses --- neutron diffraction --- three axis setting --- high resolution --- bent crystal monochromator --- bent crystal analyzer --- stainless steel 316L --- additive manufacturing --- multiaxial loading --- plasticity --- digital image correlation method --- hill yield criterion --- isotropic hardening --- finite element method (FEM) --- straightening process --- three-point bending --- FEM --- control strategy --- billet straightening --- multiaxial fatigue --- high-cycle fatigue --- multiaxial fatigue experiments --- S-N curve approximation --- laser welding --- pressure vessel steel --- microstructure --- X-ray and neutron diffraction --- high-cycle fatigue tests --- wearable --- flexible --- structure --- stiffness --- biomedical --- mechanics --- simulation --- pattern --- 3D print --- PA12 --- tram --- pedestrian --- crash --- windshield model --- HIC --- hole-drilling --- PhotoStress --- digital image correlation --- experimental analysis --- finite element analysis --- composite --- thermoplastic --- interlaminar strength --- polyphenylensulfid --- polyetheretherketone --- polyaryletherketone --- curved beam --- NDE --- infrared thermography --- Infrared Nondestructive Testing --- CFRP --- Anand material model --- material parameters --- ABS-M30 --- indentation test --- genetic algorithm --- acoustic emission --- CFRP composite tube --- unsupervised learning approach --- failure mechanism --- n/a

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This Special Issue consists of selected papers from the Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 conference. Experimental Stress Analysis 2020 was organized with the support of the Czech Society for Mechanics, Expert Group of Experimental Mechanics, and was, for this particular year, held online in 19–22 October 2020. The objectives of the conference included identification of current situation, sharing professional experience and knowledge, discussing new theoretical and practical findings, and the establishment and strengthening of relationships between universities, companies, and scientists from the field of experimental mechanics in mechanical and civil engineering. The topics of the conference were focused on experimental research on materials and structures subjected to mechanical, thermal–mechanical, and dynamic loading, including damage, fatigue, and fracture analyses. The selected papers deal with top-level contemporary phenomena, such as modern durable materials, numerical modeling and simulations, and innovative non-destructive materials’ testing.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- residual stresses --- neutron diffraction --- three axis setting --- high resolution --- bent crystal monochromator --- bent crystal analyzer --- stainless steel 316L --- additive manufacturing --- multiaxial loading --- plasticity --- digital image correlation method --- hill yield criterion --- isotropic hardening --- finite element method (FEM) --- straightening process --- three-point bending --- FEM --- control strategy --- billet straightening --- multiaxial fatigue --- high-cycle fatigue --- multiaxial fatigue experiments --- S-N curve approximation --- laser welding --- pressure vessel steel --- microstructure --- X-ray and neutron diffraction --- high-cycle fatigue tests --- wearable --- flexible --- structure --- stiffness --- biomedical --- mechanics --- simulation --- pattern --- 3D print --- PA12 --- tram --- pedestrian --- crash --- windshield model --- HIC --- hole-drilling --- PhotoStress --- digital image correlation --- experimental analysis --- finite element analysis --- composite --- thermoplastic --- interlaminar strength --- polyphenylensulfid --- polyetheretherketone --- polyaryletherketone --- curved beam --- NDE --- infrared thermography --- Infrared Nondestructive Testing --- CFRP --- Anand material model --- material parameters --- ABS-M30 --- indentation test --- genetic algorithm --- acoustic emission --- CFRP composite tube --- unsupervised learning approach --- failure mechanism