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In pregnancy, maternal nutrition sustains and nourishes the developing child. Imbalances in either the direction of nutritional excess or deficiency can have adverse consequences for child health. In addition, more research now suggests that good pregnancy nutrition influences child health beyond pregnancy and delivery. This includes modifying the risk of child health outcomes as they enter childhood and adulthood through influences on placental development, hormonal pathways, and organ structure and function. Poor pregnancy nutrition may also compromise maternal health during pregnancy, which may have long-term consequences for women’s health. Understanding the biological and social mechanisms operating during pregnancy can help in the design of better clinical and public health interventions. This Special Issue on “The Role of Pregnancy Nutrition in Maternal and Offspring Health” includes etiological and mechanistic studies of pregnancy nutrition with short- and long-term maternal and child health outcomes, including original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Together, this body of work provides important insights into the influence of dietary patterns, food groups, and nutrients on pregnancy outcomes, and long-term neurodevelopmental, respiratory, and metabolic health in the children. It also highlights nutritional consequences for specific groups of women, including those with pregnancy complications and eating disorders.

non-IgE-mediated food reactions --- eating disorders --- foetal programming --- bulimia nervosa --- Obesity --- fatty fish --- Mediterranean diet --- angiogenesis --- pregnancy --- asthma --- preeclampsia --- infant nutrition --- food clusters --- placenta --- maternal nutrition --- DHA --- chronic kidney disease --- Dlx3 --- pregnancy outcomes --- neonatal outcomes --- choline --- offspring health --- sirtuin --- omega-3 --- inflammation --- placental insufficiency --- gestational diabetes --- docosahexaenoic acid --- fetal development --- birth weight --- binge eating disorder --- preterm Birth --- vitamin D --- food frequency questionnaire --- eating behavior --- attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity --- SGA --- systematic review --- weaning --- hypothalamic inflammation --- birthweight --- dietary screening --- food-related IgG --- breastfeeding --- purging --- preterm birth --- Rhodiola --- foetal growth --- micronutrients --- gestational age --- obesity prevention --- autism spectrum disorder --- vegan diets --- pregnancy nutrition --- Iodine --- nutritional programing --- dietary behaviour --- preterm labor --- nutrition --- birth length --- ghrelin --- lactation --- immunomodulators --- head circumference --- Echinacea --- dietary habits --- brain health --- probiotics --- Camellia --- large for gestational age (LGA) --- apoptosis --- vegetarian diets --- human milk --- anorexia nervosa --- neurodevelopmental disorders --- lifestyle intervention --- placental transport --- diet --- microglia --- Panax --- eye function --- plant-based diets --- social experiment --- meta-analysis --- essential fatty acids --- etiology --- small for gestational age (SGA) --- Insufficiency --- developmental origins of health and disease --- fortification