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Molecular hydrogen (hydrogen gas; H2) is gaining prominence in the scientific literature as well as the popular media. Early studies suggest the use of H2 treatment for a wide range of human diseases, from COVID-19 to various neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, its biological activity also appears to have therapeutic and regulatory effects in plants. Accordingly, it has been suggested to be useful in agricultural settings. H2 has effects on a range of physiological events in plants. It has been shown to have effects on seed germination, plant growth, and development. It has also been found to be involved in plant stress responses and to be protective against abiotic stress. It also has beneficial effects during the post-harvest storage of crops. Therefore, its use in the agricultural setting has great potential as it appears to be safe, with no toxicity or harm to the environment. One of the conundrums of the use of H2 is how it induces these effects in plants and plant cells. It is difficult to envisage how it works based on a classical receptor mechanism. There is evidence that it may act as a direct antioxidant, by scavenging hydroxyl radicals, or via enhancing the plant’s innate antioxidant system as a signaling molecule. It has also been reported to exert effects through action on heme oxygenase, cross-talk with other signaling molecules, and regulating the expression of various genes. However, how H2 fits into, and integrates with, other signaling pathways is not clearly understood. Future work is needed to elucidate the mechanism and significance of the interaction of H2 with these and other cellular systems.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- antioxidants --- heme oxygenase --- hydrogen gas --- hydrogenase --- hydroxyl radicals --- molecular hydrogen --- nitric oxide --- reactive oxygen species --- Chinese chive --- storage quality --- antioxidant capacity --- hydrogen nanobubble water --- vase life --- senescence-associated enzymes --- cut carnation flowers --- glucosamine --- sucrose --- starch --- gene expression --- sugar metabolism --- amylose --- cadmium --- field quality --- hydrogen-based agriculture --- rice --- Wuzhimaotao (Ficus hirta Vahl) --- hydrogen --- transcription factors --- secondary metabolism --- phytohormones signaling pathways --- phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and metabolism --- Chinese herbal medicine --- carbendazim degradation --- glutathione metabolism --- detoxification system --- redox balance --- cut flower --- flower industry --- postharvest quality --- postharvest technique --- the fourth industrial revolution --- n/a

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This Special Issue is a collection of research articles focused on the production and role of nitric oxide in plants. Nitric oxide is a crucial molecule used in the orchestration of cellular events in animals and plants. With a mixture of primary research papers and review articles written by some of the top researchers in the field, this work encompasses many aspects of this important and growing area of biochemistry.

catalase --- monodehydroascorbate reductase --- tyrosine nitration --- nitric oxide --- peroxisome --- reactive oxygen species --- S-nitrosation --- superoxide dismutase --- antioxidants --- hydrogen gas --- hydrogen peroxide --- hydrogen sulfide --- S-nitrosothiols --- S-nitrosoglutathione reductase --- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione --- nitrate reductase --- NOFNiR --- nitrogen metabolism --- NIA1 --- NIA2 --- nitrite --- nitrate --- methyl viologen --- benzyl viologen --- NO analyzer --- molybdenum cofactor --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- nitro-fatty acids --- nitroalkenes --- nitroalkylation --- electrophile --- nucleophile --- signaling mechanism --- post-translational modification --- reactive lipid species --- nitro-lipid-protein adducts --- Trebouxia --- microalgae --- lipid peroxidation --- diaphorase activity --- lichens --- nitric oxide synthase --- nitrogen dioxide --- plant growth --- cell enlargement --- cell proliferation --- early flowering --- PsbO --- nitric oxide homeostasis --- cue1/nox1 --- reactive nitrogen species --- germination --- root development --- stress responses --- sugar metabolism --- nitration --- S-nitrosylation --- SNO-reductase --- thiol modification

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This Special Issue is a collection of research articles focused on the production and role of nitric oxide in plants. Nitric oxide is a crucial molecule used in the orchestration of cellular events in animals and plants. With a mixture of primary research papers and review articles written by some of the top researchers in the field, this work encompasses many aspects of this important and growing area of biochemistry.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- catalase --- monodehydroascorbate reductase --- tyrosine nitration --- nitric oxide --- peroxisome --- reactive oxygen species --- S-nitrosation --- superoxide dismutase --- antioxidants --- hydrogen gas --- hydrogen peroxide --- hydrogen sulfide --- S-nitrosothiols --- S-nitrosoglutathione reductase --- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione --- nitrate reductase --- NOFNiR --- nitrogen metabolism --- NIA1 --- NIA2 --- nitrite --- nitrate --- methyl viologen --- benzyl viologen --- NO analyzer --- molybdenum cofactor --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- nitro-fatty acids --- nitroalkenes --- nitroalkylation --- electrophile --- nucleophile --- signaling mechanism --- post-translational modification --- reactive lipid species --- nitro-lipid-protein adducts --- Trebouxia --- microalgae --- lipid peroxidation --- diaphorase activity --- lichens --- nitric oxide synthase --- nitrogen dioxide --- plant growth --- cell enlargement --- cell proliferation --- early flowering --- PsbO --- nitric oxide homeostasis --- cue1/nox1 --- reactive nitrogen species --- germination --- root development --- stress responses --- sugar metabolism --- nitration --- S-nitrosylation --- SNO-reductase --- thiol modification --- catalase --- monodehydroascorbate reductase --- tyrosine nitration --- nitric oxide --- peroxisome --- reactive oxygen species --- S-nitrosation --- superoxide dismutase --- antioxidants --- hydrogen gas --- hydrogen peroxide --- hydrogen sulfide --- S-nitrosothiols --- S-nitrosoglutathione reductase --- S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione --- nitrate reductase --- NOFNiR --- nitrogen metabolism --- NIA1 --- NIA2 --- nitrite --- nitrate --- methyl viologen --- benzyl viologen --- NO analyzer --- molybdenum cofactor --- Arabidopsis thaliana --- nitro-fatty acids --- nitroalkenes --- nitroalkylation --- electrophile --- nucleophile --- signaling mechanism --- post-translational modification --- reactive lipid species --- nitro-lipid-protein adducts --- Trebouxia --- microalgae --- lipid peroxidation --- diaphorase activity --- lichens --- nitric oxide synthase --- nitrogen dioxide --- plant growth --- cell enlargement --- cell proliferation --- early flowering --- PsbO --- nitric oxide homeostasis --- cue1/nox1 --- reactive nitrogen species --- germination --- root development --- stress responses --- sugar metabolism --- nitration --- S-nitrosylation --- SNO-reductase --- thiol modification

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This volume describes the nature, causes, and consequences of the diverse fluid movements that produce energy and mineral resources in sedimentary basins. The contained papers point to new capabilities in basin analysis methods and models. The processes that operate in the resource-producing thermo-chemical-structural reactors we call sedimentary basins are reviewed. Efficient ways to infer the tectonic history of basins are described. Impacts on hydrocarbon maturation and migration of glacial tilting, magmatic intrusion, salt migration, and fracturing are illustrated. The conditions under which subsurface flow will channel with distance traveled are identified. Seismic methods that can image and map subsurface permeability channels are described. The surface maturation, surface charge, and chemical reaction foundations of creep subsidence are set forth. Dynamic aspects of the hydrogen resource in basins are analyzed. There is much that is new that is presented in these papers with the intent of stimulating thinking and enthusiasm for the advances that will be made in future decades.

Research & information: general --- normal faulting --- sill intrusions --- transient thermal effects --- steady state --- basin modeling --- volcanic basins --- salt --- thermal modeling --- source rock maturation --- petroleum system --- salt structures --- modeling principles --- geohistory evolution --- temperature effects --- conductivity effects on maturation --- multiscale/multiphysics basin modeling --- thermo-hydro-mechanical model --- isostatic adjustment --- computer simulations --- finite element method --- basin modelling --- hydro-mechanical coupling --- passive margins --- rock failure --- Glaciations --- isostasy --- flexural stress --- faults --- hydrocarbon migration --- magmatic intrusions --- diagenesis --- stress --- porosity --- permeability --- stress modeling --- fracture seismic --- fracture connectivity --- fracture mapping --- passive seismic --- sedimentary basins --- fluid flow --- capillary seals --- chemical alteration --- resources --- chalk --- compaction --- water weakening --- rock-fluid interaction --- modelling --- crustal well-core poroperm --- crustal fluid flow --- crustal flow channeling --- critical state physics --- well-log spectral scaling --- crustal power law scaling --- lognormal --- pink noise --- crustal fracture seismics --- crustal fracture imaging --- hydrogen economy --- natural hydrogen vents --- Sao Francisco Basin --- pulsing gas emission --- atmospheric pressure tides --- native hydrogen --- H2 exploration --- gas seeps --- H2 venting --- radiolysis --- serpentinization --- draining faults --- intra-cratonic basin --- diurnal hydrogen gas venting --- earth tides --- crustal sills --- hydrocarbon and mineral resources --- direct inversion method of fault slip analysis --- paleo tectonic principal stress orientations --- west-central New Hampshire --- normal faulting --- sill intrusions --- transient thermal effects --- steady state --- basin modeling --- volcanic basins --- salt --- thermal modeling --- source rock maturation --- petroleum system --- salt structures --- modeling principles --- geohistory evolution --- temperature effects --- conductivity effects on maturation --- multiscale/multiphysics basin modeling --- thermo-hydro-mechanical model --- isostatic adjustment --- computer simulations --- finite element method --- basin modelling --- hydro-mechanical coupling --- passive margins --- rock failure --- Glaciations --- isostasy --- flexural stress --- faults --- hydrocarbon migration --- magmatic intrusions --- diagenesis --- stress --- porosity --- permeability --- stress modeling --- fracture seismic --- fracture connectivity --- fracture mapping --- passive seismic --- sedimentary basins --- fluid flow --- capillary seals --- chemical alteration --- resources --- chalk --- compaction --- water weakening --- rock-fluid interaction --- modelling --- crustal well-core poroperm --- crustal fluid flow --- crustal flow channeling --- critical state physics --- well-log spectral scaling --- crustal power law scaling --- lognormal --- pink noise --- crustal fracture seismics --- crustal fracture imaging --- hydrogen economy --- natural hydrogen vents --- Sao Francisco Basin --- pulsing gas emission --- atmospheric pressure tides --- native hydrogen --- H2 exploration --- gas seeps --- H2 venting --- radiolysis --- serpentinization --- draining faults --- intra-cratonic basin --- diurnal hydrogen gas venting --- earth tides --- crustal sills --- hydrocarbon and mineral resources --- direct inversion method of fault slip analysis --- paleo tectonic principal stress orientations --- west-central New Hampshire

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This volume describes the nature, causes, and consequences of the diverse fluid movements that produce energy and mineral resources in sedimentary basins. The contained papers point to new capabilities in basin analysis methods and models. The processes that operate in the resource-producing thermo-chemical-structural reactors we call sedimentary basins are reviewed. Efficient ways to infer the tectonic history of basins are described. Impacts on hydrocarbon maturation and migration of glacial tilting, magmatic intrusion, salt migration, and fracturing are illustrated. The conditions under which subsurface flow will channel with distance traveled are identified. Seismic methods that can image and map subsurface permeability channels are described. The surface maturation, surface charge, and chemical reaction foundations of creep subsidence are set forth. Dynamic aspects of the hydrogen resource in basins are analyzed. There is much that is new that is presented in these papers with the intent of stimulating thinking and enthusiasm for the advances that will be made in future decades.

normal faulting --- sill intrusions --- transient thermal effects --- steady state --- basin modeling --- volcanic basins --- salt --- thermal modeling --- source rock maturation --- petroleum system --- salt structures --- modeling principles --- geohistory evolution --- temperature effects --- conductivity effects on maturation --- multiscale/multiphysics basin modeling --- thermo-hydro-mechanical model --- isostatic adjustment --- computer simulations --- finite element method --- basin modelling --- hydro-mechanical coupling --- passive margins --- rock failure --- Glaciations --- isostasy --- flexural stress --- faults --- hydrocarbon migration --- magmatic intrusions --- diagenesis --- stress --- porosity --- permeability --- stress modeling --- fracture seismic --- fracture connectivity --- fracture mapping --- passive seismic --- sedimentary basins --- fluid flow --- capillary seals --- chemical alteration --- resources --- chalk --- compaction --- water weakening --- rock—fluid interaction --- modelling --- crustal well-core poroperm --- crustal fluid flow --- crustal flow channeling --- critical state physics --- well-log spectral scaling --- crustal power law scaling --- lognormal --- pink noise --- crustal fracture seismics --- crustal fracture imaging --- hydrogen economy --- natural hydrogen vents --- Sao Francisco Basin --- pulsing gas emission --- atmospheric pressure tides --- native hydrogen --- H2 exploration --- gas seeps --- H2 venting --- radiolysis --- serpentinization --- draining faults --- intra-cratonic basin --- diurnal hydrogen gas venting --- earth tides --- crustal sills --- hydrocarbon and mineral resources --- direct inversion method of fault slip analysis --- paleo tectonic principal stress orientations --- west-central New Hampshire --- n/a --- rock-fluid interaction