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Ballooning --- Balloons --- Aerostats --- Military balloons --- Aeronautics --- Airships --- Expandable space structures --- Hot air ballooning --- Aeronautical sports --- History
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"The hot-air balloon, invented by the Montgolfier brothers in 1783, launched for the second time just days before the Treaty of Paris would end the American Revolutionary War. The ascent in Paris--a technological marvel witnessed by a diverse crowd that included Benjamin Franklin--highlighted celebrations of French military victory against Britain and ignited a balloon mania that swept across Europe at the end of the Enlightenment. This popular frenzy for balloon experiments, which attracted hundreds of thousands of spectators, fundamentally altered the once elite audience for science by bringing aristocrats and commoners together. The Imagined Empire explores how this material artifact, the flying machine, not only expanded the public for science and spectacle but inspired utopian dreams of a republican monarchy that would obliterate social boundaries. The balloon, Mi Gyung Kim argues, was a people-machine, a cultural performance that unified and mobilized the people of France, who imagined an aerial empire that would bring glory to the French nation. This critical history of ballooning considers how a relatively simple mechanical gadget became an explosive cultural and political phenomenon on the eve of the French Revolution"--
TRANSPORTATION / Aviation / History. --- HISTORY / Europe / General. --- SCIENCE / History. --- Enlightenment, --- Revolutions --- Ballooning --- Hot air balloons --- Insurrections --- Rebellions --- Revolts --- Revolutionary wars --- History --- Political science --- Political violence --- War --- Government, Resistance to --- Hot air ballooning --- Aeronautical sports --- Aeronautics --- Balloons --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism --- Social aspects
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"All the world is mad about balloons" observers recorded during the craze in Britain that lasted from 1783 to 1786. Excitement about the new invention spread rapidly, inspiring hopes, visions, fashions, celebrations, satires, imaginary heroics and real adventures. In this sparkling account, Brant uses the brief moment of balloon madness as a way into a wide-ranging exploration of Enlightenment sensibility in Britain. She follows the craze as it travelled around the country, spread through crowds and shaped the daily lives and dreams of individuals. From the levity of fashion, political satire and light verse inspired by balloons, she shows how wonders of air and speed also connected with the deeper preoccupations and anxieties of eighteenth-century Britain. An aerial 'view from above' provided new moral perspectives on the place of humans in the universe and the nature of their aspirations; while the success of the French, leaders in aeronautics, unsettled national identity with visions of a new world order. The practical limitations of balloons soon put an end to one set of possibilities, but their effect on popular culture was more enduring, with meaning even today. With a cast including kings, politicians, charlatans, pickpockets, the beau monde, duellists and animals, Balloon Madness celebrates the excitement and fun of this brief but world-changing episode of history and its long afterlife in our imagination. CLARE BRANT is Professor of Eighteenth-Century Literature and Culture at King's College London.
Hot air balloons --- Balloons --- Aerostats --- Military balloons --- Aeronautics --- Airships --- Expandable space structures --- History. --- History --- Great Britain --- Ballooning --- Social aspects --- Hot air ballooning --- Aeronautical sports --- 1700-1799 --- Aeronautics. --- Age of Enlightenment. --- Balloon. --- British Culture. --- Cultural history. --- Early Modern History. --- Eighteenth-century Art. --- English literature. --- European History. --- Fashion. --- Great Britain. --- History of ideas. --- Hot Air Balloon. --- National identi. --- Travel.
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This concise, sophisticated introduction to planetary climates explains the global physical and chemical processes that determine climate on any planet or major planetary satellite--from Mercury to Neptune and even large moons such as Saturn's Titan. Although the climates of other worlds are extremely diverse, the chemical and physical processes that shape their dynamics are the same. As this book makes clear, the better we can understand how various planetary climates formed and evolved, the better we can understand Earth's climate history and future.
Planetary meteorology --- Climatology --- Planetary meteorology. --- Climatology. --- 551.5 --- Meteorology --- 551.58 Climatology --- 551.5 Meteorology --- Planets --- Climate --- Climate science --- Science of climate --- 551.58 --- Climate sciences --- Atmospheric science --- Earth. --- Great Dark Spot. --- Great Red Spot. --- Hadley cell. --- Jupiter. --- Mars. --- Mercury. --- Neptune. --- Saturn. --- Titan. --- Uranus. --- Venus. --- ancient rivers. --- anti-greenhouse effect. --- atmosphere. --- atmospheric chemistry. --- bulk composition. --- carbon dioxide. --- chaos. --- climate change. --- climate evolution. --- climate. --- clouds. --- condensation. --- convection. --- dust storms. --- eddies. --- energy transfer. --- evaporation. --- exoplanets. --- extrasolar planets. --- extraterrestrial life. --- geostrophic balance. --- giant planets. --- giant storms. --- greenhouse effect. --- greenhouse warming. --- higher hydrocarbons. --- hot air ballooning. --- hydrologic cycle. --- instability. --- lakes. --- lightning. --- methane. --- momentum transfer. --- moon. --- oceans. --- planetary climate. --- planetary rotation. --- planetary satellite. --- planets. --- radial velocity method. --- radiation. --- rotating fluids. --- rotation. --- runaway greenhouse. --- seasonal cycles. --- solar composition. --- solar system. --- superrotation. --- temperature. --- terraforming. --- volatile gases. --- water. --- weather forecasting. --- weather. --- winds. --- zonal jets. --- Atmospheres.
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