Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book is a collection of research papers that describe some of the latest research on lithium niobate, which is an important material with many technological applications. The papers fall into three sections, which respectively consider the relationship between photorefractive properties and the defect structure of lithium niobate, powder preparation using a wet chemistry method and high-energy ball-milling technique, and finally the investigation of the domain structures, stability and conduction, and applications in waveguide devices.

lithium niobate --- optical storage materials --- photorefractive materials --- high-energy ball-milling --- nanocrystals --- mechanochemical reaction --- chemical composition --- powders --- microparticles --- photonic electric-field sensor --- titanium diffused optical channel waveguide --- lithium–niobate electro-optic effect --- Y-fed balanced-bridge Mach-Zehnder interferometer (YBB-MZI) --- electro-optic modulator --- lithium niobate thin film --- proton exchange --- Mach-Zehnder --- integrated optics devices --- doping magnesium --- Bridgman method --- high homogeneity --- thermal stability --- nano-domain --- LNOI --- pre-heat treatment --- divalent --- trivalent --- tetravalent --- pentavalent and hexavalent doping --- computer modelling --- photorefractive properties --- defect structure --- conducting domain walls --- ferroelectric films --- lithium niobate-on-insulator --- scanning probe microscopy --- non-volatile memory

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Size reduction processes represent a significant part of the capital as well as the operating cost in ore processing. Advancing the understanding of and improving such processes is worthwhile since any measurable enhancement may lead to benefits, which may materialize as reductions in energy consumption or wear or improved performance in downstream processes. This book contains contributions dealing with various aspects of comminution, including those intended to improve our current level of understanding and quantification of particle breakage and ore characterization techniques that are relevant to size reduction, as well as studies involving modeling and simulation techniques. The affiliations of the authors of the articles published in this book span 14 countries around the globe, which attests to the highly international nature of research in this field. The themes of the manuscripts also vary widely, from several that are more focused on experimental studies to those that deal, in greater detail, with the development and application of modeling and simulation techniques in comminution. Size reduction technologies more directly addressed in the manuscripts include jaw crushing, vertical shaft impact crushing, SAG milling, stirred milling, planetary milling, and vertical roller milling. Ores involved directly in the investigations include those of copper, lead–zinc, gold, and iron as well as coal, talc, and quartz.

Technology: general issues --- nanoscale talc --- wet milling --- high-energy ball milling --- ball size --- aggregation --- quantitative microstructural analysis --- X-ray computed tomography --- selective comminution --- texture --- structure --- mineral processing --- crushing --- grinding --- grinding behaviors --- energy consumption characterization --- sulfur content --- heterogeneous breakage --- split energy --- mining operation --- ore milling --- ore grinding --- rock --- liberation --- bed breakage --- iron ore --- comminution --- saturation --- piston-and-die --- compaction --- compression --- breakage --- single particle breakage --- energy input --- drop-weight tester --- breakage modelling --- grinding prediction --- jaw crusher --- Discrete Element Method --- Particle Replacement Model --- simulation --- modeling --- primary crushing --- particle breakage --- semi-autogenous grinding mill --- operational hardness --- energy consumption --- mining --- deep learning --- long short-term memory --- quartz --- shear stress --- tribochemistry --- fracturing --- mixed sulfides --- sphalerite --- galena --- VSI --- DEM --- sand --- modelling --- Vertimill --- Tower Mill --- liner wear --- fine grinding --- discrete element method --- nanoscale talc --- wet milling --- high-energy ball milling --- ball size --- aggregation --- quantitative microstructural analysis --- X-ray computed tomography --- selective comminution --- texture --- structure --- mineral processing --- crushing --- grinding --- grinding behaviors --- energy consumption characterization --- sulfur content --- heterogeneous breakage --- split energy --- mining operation --- ore milling --- ore grinding --- rock --- liberation --- bed breakage --- iron ore --- comminution --- saturation --- piston-and-die --- compaction --- compression --- breakage --- single particle breakage --- energy input --- drop-weight tester --- breakage modelling --- grinding prediction --- jaw crusher --- Discrete Element Method --- Particle Replacement Model --- simulation --- modeling --- primary crushing --- particle breakage --- semi-autogenous grinding mill --- operational hardness --- energy consumption --- mining --- deep learning --- long short-term memory --- quartz --- shear stress --- tribochemistry --- fracturing --- mixed sulfides --- sphalerite --- galena --- VSI --- DEM --- sand --- modelling --- Vertimill --- Tower Mill --- liner wear --- fine grinding --- discrete element method

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Size reduction processes represent a significant part of the capital as well as the operating cost in ore processing. Advancing the understanding of and improving such processes is worthwhile since any measurable enhancement may lead to benefits, which may materialize as reductions in energy consumption or wear or improved performance in downstream processes. This book contains contributions dealing with various aspects of comminution, including those intended to improve our current level of understanding and quantification of particle breakage and ore characterization techniques that are relevant to size reduction, as well as studies involving modeling and simulation techniques. The affiliations of the authors of the articles published in this book span 14 countries around the globe, which attests to the highly international nature of research in this field. The themes of the manuscripts also vary widely, from several that are more focused on experimental studies to those that deal, in greater detail, with the development and application of modeling and simulation techniques in comminution. Size reduction technologies more directly addressed in the manuscripts include jaw crushing, vertical shaft impact crushing, SAG milling, stirred milling, planetary milling, and vertical roller milling. Ores involved directly in the investigations include those of copper, lead–zinc, gold, and iron as well as coal, talc, and quartz.

Technology: general issues --- nanoscale talc --- wet milling --- high-energy ball milling --- ball size --- aggregation --- quantitative microstructural analysis --- X-ray computed tomography --- selective comminution --- texture --- structure --- mineral processing --- crushing --- grinding --- grinding behaviors --- energy consumption characterization --- sulfur content --- heterogeneous breakage --- split energy --- mining operation --- ore milling --- ore grinding --- rock --- liberation --- bed breakage --- iron ore --- comminution --- saturation --- piston-and-die --- compaction --- compression --- breakage --- single particle breakage --- energy input --- drop-weight tester --- breakage modelling --- grinding prediction --- jaw crusher --- Discrete Element Method --- Particle Replacement Model --- simulation --- modeling --- primary crushing --- particle breakage --- semi-autogenous grinding mill --- operational hardness --- energy consumption --- mining --- deep learning --- long short-term memory --- quartz --- shear stress --- tribochemistry --- fracturing --- mixed sulfides --- sphalerite --- galena --- VSI --- DEM --- sand --- modelling --- Vertimill --- Tower Mill --- liner wear --- fine grinding --- discrete element method --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Size reduction processes represent a significant part of the capital as well as the operating cost in ore processing. Advancing the understanding of and improving such processes is worthwhile since any measurable enhancement may lead to benefits, which may materialize as reductions in energy consumption or wear or improved performance in downstream processes. This book contains contributions dealing with various aspects of comminution, including those intended to improve our current level of understanding and quantification of particle breakage and ore characterization techniques that are relevant to size reduction, as well as studies involving modeling and simulation techniques. The affiliations of the authors of the articles published in this book span 14 countries around the globe, which attests to the highly international nature of research in this field. The themes of the manuscripts also vary widely, from several that are more focused on experimental studies to those that deal, in greater detail, with the development and application of modeling and simulation techniques in comminution. Size reduction technologies more directly addressed in the manuscripts include jaw crushing, vertical shaft impact crushing, SAG milling, stirred milling, planetary milling, and vertical roller milling. Ores involved directly in the investigations include those of copper, lead–zinc, gold, and iron as well as coal, talc, and quartz.

nanoscale talc --- wet milling --- high-energy ball milling --- ball size --- aggregation --- quantitative microstructural analysis --- X-ray computed tomography --- selective comminution --- texture --- structure --- mineral processing --- crushing --- grinding --- grinding behaviors --- energy consumption characterization --- sulfur content --- heterogeneous breakage --- split energy --- mining operation --- ore milling --- ore grinding --- rock --- liberation --- bed breakage --- iron ore --- comminution --- saturation --- piston-and-die --- compaction --- compression --- breakage --- single particle breakage --- energy input --- drop-weight tester --- breakage modelling --- grinding prediction --- jaw crusher --- Discrete Element Method --- Particle Replacement Model --- simulation --- modeling --- primary crushing --- particle breakage --- semi-autogenous grinding mill --- operational hardness --- energy consumption --- mining --- deep learning --- long short-term memory --- quartz --- shear stress --- tribochemistry --- fracturing --- mixed sulfides --- sphalerite --- galena --- VSI --- DEM --- sand --- modelling --- Vertimill --- Tower Mill --- liner wear --- fine grinding --- discrete element method --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest theoretical and experimental achievements concerning the mechanisms of microstructural change in metallic materials subject to different processing methods, and their effect on mechanical properties. It is my pleasure to present a series of compelling scientific papers written by scientists from the community of transition group metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds.

delamination --- laser metal deposition --- metal matrix composites (MMCs) --- magnesium alloy --- laminate --- microstructure --- CoCrMoSi alloy coatings --- high-pressure torsion --- twin roll casting --- mechanical characterization --- AZ91 --- solidification thermal parameters --- deformation behavior --- additive manufacturing --- fatigue --- Ti-6Al-4V --- composite --- laser engineered net shaping --- tribaloy-type alloy --- spark plasma sintering --- cross-channel extrusion (CCE) --- magnesium alloys --- Z-pin reinforcement --- creep --- metal matrix composites --- z-pinning --- Ti3SiC2 --- mechanical properties --- ultrafine microstructure --- hardness --- Cu-Al-Ni-Fe bronze alloys --- z-pin reinforcement --- high pressure torsion --- high energy ball milling --- phase dissolution --- carbon fiber --- MAX phase --- honeycomb structure --- Ti6Al4V alloy --- energy absorption --- laser processing --- physical modeling technique (PMT) --- Mg-Zn-Al-Ca alloy --- metal–matrix composites (MMCs) --- processing map --- titanium alloys --- AA2519 --- LENS --- T-800 alloy --- numerical simulation (FEM) --- Cu–Ag alloy --- specific intermetallics --- calcium --- back pressure (BP) --- texture --- high pressure die casting --- fractography --- microhardness --- heat treatment --- structure --- flow curve --- dynamic tests --- strengthening mechanisms --- electron microscopy (in situ SEM) --- friction stir welding --- Laves phase --- Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENSTM) --- Inconel 625 --- severe plastic deformation (SPD)